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ENVIRONMENTAL CHp1-5
Definitions from Chap 1-5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ecological Footprint | This is a concept for measuring the demand placed on Earth’s resources by individuals from different parts of the world, involving calculations of the natural area required to satisfy human needs |
| ECOSYSTEM | A com. of plants and animals and other organisms that interact with eachother in environment; deserts, grassland, tundra, deciduous forest, tropical rain forests. Comm. of organisms interacting with abiotic factor (non-living) such as climate, ph, rainfal |
| GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE | This is a change of weather patterns due to human activities; rising levels of greenhouse gases (transportation combustion and emissions of fuels). Icludes global warming, weather changes, rising sea levels |
| BIODIVERSITY | A diversity of natural things found in natural world, including ecosystems and genetic diversity. Some species haven’t even been discovered or classified and if allowed to go extinct that will affect future medical brkthru (because all meds r from plants) |
| SUSTAINABILITY | This is a process that can be continued indefinitely without depleting the energy or material resources of which it depends (such as farmers tapping into glacier waters, such as using fossil fuel – they will eventually deplete so not sustainable) |
| STEWARDSHIP | Active caregiver of environment |
| STEWARDSHIP ETHIC | This is concerning right and wrong decisions as they apply to taking care of the natural world and the people in it |
| SOUND SCIENCE | This is a phrase often used by corporate public relations and government agency spokesmen to describe the scientific research used to justify a claim or position. |
| ECOSYSTEM CAPITAL | This is basically the resources that are needed for humans to survive, and be economically active. All of which is provided by the ecosystem. |
| POLICY AND POLITICS | This is the implementation of public services, resources, laws, and politics to affect change with perceived problems. |
| GLOBALIZATION | This describes the process by which regional economies, societies, and cultures have become integrated through a global network of political ideas through communication, transportation, and trade. |
| What are the factors that brought about the collapse of Easter Island civilization? How did later contact with the rest of the world affect the Islanders? | Disrupt in primary level by cutting down trees that resulted in birds (primary food) and fish finding other islands with trees. |
| ECONOMICS | This is the social science that analyzes the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. |
| ECONOMY | Careful, thrifty management of resources, such as money, materials, or labor. It refers to the efficient use of resources; "economy of effort". |
| ECONOMIC SYSTEMS | This is the structure of production, allocation of economic inputs, distribution of economic outputs, and consumption of goods and services in an economy and is composed of people and institutions, including their relationships to productive resources, su |
| CENTRALLY PLANNED ECONOMY | This is one in which the total direction and development of a nation's economy is planned and administered by its government. The antithesis of central planning is capitalism which is by private sector control of production, distribution, and consumption. |
| FREE-MARKET ECONOMY | This is an economy in which the allocation for resources is determined only by their supply and the demand for them. This is mainly a theoretical concept as every country, even capitalist ones, places some restrictions on the ownership and exchange of com |
| WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION | This is the only global international organization dealing with the rules of trade between nations. |
| SUSTAINABLE ECONOMY | This is one in which resources are not used up faster than nature renews them. It also marks a thriving climate for business that balances environmental, social, and economic vitality |
| PRECAUTIONARY PRINCIPLE | This states that if an action or policy has a suspected risk of causing harm to the public or to the environment, in the absence of scientific consensus that the action or policy is harmful, the burden of proof that it is not harmful falls on those taking |
| ENVIRONMENTALLY SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT | This is a pattern of resource use that aims to meet human needs while preserving the environment so that these needs can be met not only in the present, but also for generations to come. |
| ENVIRONMENTAL PUBLIC POLICY | This course of action deliberately taken [or not taken] to manage human activities with a view to prevent, reduce, or mitigate harmful effects on nature and natural resources, and ensuring that man-made changes to the environment do not have harmful effec |
| What are some characteristics of a sustainable economy? | Wind farms, recycling, Solar systems? |
| ECOLOGY | This is the scientific study of the relation of living organisms with each other and their surroundings. |
| SPECIES | This is one of the basic units of biological classification and a taxonomic rank. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. |
| BIOTA | This is the total collection of organisms of a geographic region or a time period, from local geographic scales and instantaneous temporal scales all the way up to whole-planet and whole-timescale spatiotemporal scales. |
| ABIOTIC | These are non-living chemical and physical factors in the environment such as climate, ph, solidity. |
| ECOTONE | This is a transition area between two adjacent but different patches of landscape, such as forest and grassland. It is the most productive area. |
| BIOSPHERE | This is the global sum of all ecosystems. |
| HABITAT | This is an ecological or environmental area that is inhabited by a particular species of animal, plant or other type of organism |
| NICHE | It is the position or function of an organism in a community of plants and animals. |
| THE FOUR SPHERE’S OF EARTH’s ENVIRONMENT | The atmosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere, and biosphere make up what we know as the Earth. |
| ORGANIC COMPOUNDS | These are any member of a large class of gaseous, liquid, or solid chemical compounds whose molecules contain carbon. |
| INORGANIC COMPOUNDS | These are considered to be of a mineral, not biological origin vs. synthetic. |
| PHOTOSYNTHESUS | This is a process that converts carbon dioxide into organic compounds, especially sugars, using the energy from sunlight. Photosynthesis occurs in plants, algae, and many species of bacteria, but not in archaea. |
| CELL RESPIRATION | This is the set of the metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products. |
| BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES | This is (nutrient cycle) a pathway by which a chemical element or molecule moves through both biotic (biosphere) and abiotic (lithosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere) compartments of Earth. |
| J-CURVE | Exhibiting an exponential increase that is unsustainable. |
| S-CURVE | Exhibiting sustainable and logical growth. |
| CARRYING CAPACITY | This is defined as the environment's maximal load. |
| BIOTIC POTENTIAL | This is the maximum reproductive capacity of a population if resources are unlimited. |
| KEYSTONE SPECIES | This is a species that plays a critical role in maintaining the structure of an ecological community and whose impact on the community is greater than would be expected based on its relative abundance or total biomass such as a wolf. |
| FOOD CHAINS | Each link in this chain is food for the next link. A food chain always starts with plant life and ends with an animal |
| FOOD WEB | This is a description of feeding relationships among species in an ecological community, that is, of who eats whom. It is also a means of showing how energy and materials (e.g., carbon) flow through a community of species as a result of these feeding rela |
| AUTOTROPHS | An organism that manufactures its own food from inorganic substances, such as carbon dioxide and ammonia. Most autotrophs, such as green plants, certain algae, and photosynthetic bacteria, use light for energy |
| HETEROTROPHS | Ninety-five percent or more of all types of living organisms are heterotrophic. (WE ARE HETEROTROPHS), ingest food for energy) |
| ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION | This refers to more or less predictable and orderly changes in the composition off comm. It may be initiated either by formation of new, unoccupied habitat (e.g., a lava flow or a severe landslide) or by some form of disturbance (e.g. fire, severe windthr |
| MILLENNIUM ECOSYSTEM ASSESSMENT | 1000+ of the world's leading scientists that analyses the Earth’s ecosystems and provides summaries and guidelines for decision-makers. It concludes that humans are having a significant impact on the biodiversity of world ecosystems, reducing both their r |
| STAKEHOLDERS | Thisis a person, group, organization, or system who affects or can be affected by an organization's actions. |
| HETEROTROPHS | Ninety-five percent or more of all types of living organisms are heterotrophic. (WE ARE HETEROTROPHS), ingest food for energy) |
| ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION | This refers to more or less predictable and orderly changes in the composition off comm. It may be initiated either by formation of new, unoccupied habitat (e.g., a lava flow or a severe landslide) or by some form of disturbance (e.g. fire, severe windthr |
| MILLENNIUM ECOSYSTEM ASSESSMENT | 1000+ of the world's leading scientists that analyses the Earth’s ecosystems and provides summaries and guidelines for decision-makers. It concludes that humans are having a significant impact on the biodiversity of world ecosystems, reducing both their r |
| STAKEHOLDERS | This is a person, group, organization, or system who affects or can be affected by an organization's actions. |
Created by:
jmacdougall
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