Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Biology chapter 16ab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 16A PHYLUM CHORDATA | subphylums |
| 1. NOTOCHORD (NOH tuh KORD) | tough, flexible rod of cartilage, usually located along the dorsal side of an animal; supports animals body. It is replaced by vertebrae in most chordates before birth or hatching |
| VERTEBRAE | bones or cartilaginous segments of the VERTEBRAL COLUMN or backbone |
| 2. NERVE CORD | dorsal to the notochord or vertebral column |
| 3. PHARYNGEAL POUCHES | folds of skin along the neck; chordates during embryonic development |
| SUBPHYLUM VERTEBRATA | closed circulatory system |
| ENDOSKELETON | internal skeleton usually composed of bone and cartilage; (vertebrates) |
| AXIAL SKELETON | vertebral column, ribs, and skull |
| APPENDICULAR SKELETON | arms, legs, pelvic girdle, and pectoral girdle |
| PECTORAL GIRDLE | part of the appendicular skeleton designed to support and provide attachment for the arms |
| PELVIC GIRDLE | hip bones; designed to support and provide attachment for the legs |
| ARTERIES | blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart |
| CAPILLARIES | blood vessels that have walls one cell thick for diffusion of nutrients and exchange of gases |
| VEINS | carry blood from body tissues back to the heart |
| HEMOGLOBIN | red pigment of ERYTHROCYTES (red blood cells) that transports oxygen and carbon dioxide |
| CARNIVOROUS | (kahr NIHV uhr us) animals that eat other animals |
| HERBIVOROUS | (huhr BIHV uhr us) animal that eats plants |
| OMNIVOROUS | (ohm NIHV uhr us) animal that eats both plants and animals |
| OVIPAROUS | (oh VIHP uhr us) reproduction method; young develop in eggs that are laid and hatched outside the parent’s body |
| VIVIPAROUS | (vye VIHP uhr us) reproduction method; young are born alive after being nourished in the uterus through a placenta |
| OVOVIVIPAROUS | ( OH voh vye VIHP uhr us) reproduction method in which young develop within egg that hatches in body of parent |
| OLFACTORY LOBE | part of the brain that receives impulses from smell receptors in the nostrils |
| CEREBRUM | part of brain containing major motor and sensory centers; controls voluntary muscle & conscious activity |
| OPTIC LOBE | division of the brain that receives impulses from the eyes |
| CEREBELLUM | part of brain; monitors & coordinates body activities involving muscle tone, body posture, & equilibrium |
| MEDULLA OBLONGATA | part of the brain; relay center between spinal cord & brain; contains several reflex centers |
| ECTOTHERMIC | (Cold blooded) animals that don’t maintain a constant body temperature; it varies with the outside temperature |
| ENDOTHERMIC | (Warm blooded) maintaining a constant body temperature |
| TYPES OF BEHAVIOR | |
| 1. INBORN BEHAVIOR (INNATE) | pattern of reaction and response; inherited not learned. 2 TYPES |
| REFLEX | automatic, involuntary response to a stimulus; ex- pupil constricting, jerking hand from a hot burner |
| INSTINCT | elaborate, often highly complex inborn behaviors; building nests, raising young |
| 2. CONDITIONED BEHAVIOR (learned) | behavioral response learned by experience |
| 3. INTELLIGENCE | ability to use knowledge to manipulate the environment or the ability to communicate |
| CLASS AGNATHA | (AG nuh thuh) the jawless fish; sea lamprey |
| CLASS OSTEICHTHYES | (AHS tee IK thih eez) BONY fish; 2 chambered heart |
| CLASS CHONDRICHTHYES | (kahn DRIK thih eez) CARTILAGE fish; sharks, skates, rays; INTERNAL FERTILIZATION |
| PAIRED FINS | two sets 1. PECTORAL FINS |
| 2. PELVIC FINS | below and slightly behind the pectoral fins |
| UNPAIRED FINS | dorsal, caudal, anal |
| AIR BLADDER | structures in many fish that enable them to maintain or change depths |
| SCALES | epidermal plate on reptiles and fish |
| CHROMATOPHORES | skin cells that contain pigments and give fish their colors |
| COUNTERSHADING | form of camouflage coloring in certain fish; darker on the top side so as to blend in when being looked down on & lighter on the bottom side when looked up at from below |
| OPERCULUM | (oh PUR kyuh lum) plate that covers the gills of a fish; pulsates as fish breathes |
| GILLS | respiratory structure in aquatic organisms through which oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged |
| ATRIUM | heart chambers that receives & collects blood from different parts of the body |
| VENTRICLE | chamber of the heart that pushes blood into the arteries |
| OLFACTORY SACS | small pouches behind the nostrils on the fish’s snout; smell is probably fishes strongest sense |
| LATERAL LINE | canal that runs the length of a fish’s body that detects pressure stimuli and vibrations in the water |
| SPAWN | laying of eggs by aquatic animals |
| MILT | sperm of certain aquatic animals like fish; released into the water |
| YOLK | food material stored in an egg to nourish the embryo |
| CLASS AMPHIBIA | (double life) (am FIB ee uh) young need a water habitat because they lay eggs in the water; larval forms 2 chambered heart; adults 3 chambered heart |
| TADPOLE | larval frog (2 chambered heart) (gills) |
| LUNG | structure for the exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the blood of an organism |
| HIBERNATION | state of extremely slow metabolism by which certain animals survive unfavorably COLD conditions |
| ESTIVATION | inactivity period & slowed metabolism whereby some animals escape unfavorably HOT weather conditions |
| IRIS | colored portion of the eye |
| PUPIL | circular opening in the iris of the eye |
| NICTITATING MEMBRANE | (NIK tuh TATE ing) thin, transparent membrane that protects the eye and keeps it moist |
| TYMPANIC MEMBRANE | (tim PAN ik) circular membranous structure; serves to transmit sound vibrations to an ear cavity; eardrum |
| EUSTACHIAN TUBE | (yoo STAY shun) tubes leading from the pharynx to the middle ear space to equalize air pressure |
| KIDNEY | pair of long red-brown organs that removes wastes from the blood; major excretory organ |
| VOCAL SAC | pair of sacs in the mouth region of male frogs |
| MESENTERY | (MES un TEHR ee) transparent membrane that surround body organs and attach them to the body wall |
| TRACHEA | (windpipe) tube that extends from the larynx to the bronchi |
| AMPLEXUS | physical contact of a male and a female amphibian that stimulates the female to release eggs into the water |
| CLASS REPTILIA | |
| AMNIOTIC EGG | egg that has a leathery or hard shell in which the embryo is enclosed by an amnion. Allows reptiles to lay eggs on land. It has 4 membranes |
| 1. AMNION | (AM nee ahn) membrane that grows around the embryo, protecting it in a fluid-filled sac |
| 2. YOLK SAC | membrane that contains the yolk in an amniotic egg |
| 3. CHORION | (KOHR ee AHN) In an amniotic egg, a membrane that becomes closely joined to the inner surface of the egg membrane |
| 4. ALLANTOIS | (uh LAN toh iss) embryonic membrane in an amniote egg that serves for respiration and excretion for the embryo |
| ORDER SQUAMATA | (L- squama - scale) snakes and lizards; snakes are totally deaf to air sounds (vibrations) |
| SCUTE | one of the broad scales on a snake that aids in movement |
| JACOBSON’S ORGANS | sensory pits used by a reptile in the sense of smell |
| CONSTRICTION | method of suffocating prey by squeezing it |
| QUADRATE BONE | snake bone loosely attached to the skull & jaw that enables the snake to open its mouth widely |
| NEUROTOXIN | venom that affects the nervous system; ex- cobra, coral snake, sea snake |
| HEMOTOXIN | venom that affects blood cells; vipers and pit vipers |
| VIPER | poisonous, long-fanged snake of the Old World. PIT VIPERS differ by having heat sensing pits |
| FANG | needlelike teeth of a reptile; injects poison into prey |
| ORDER TESTADINATA (tes TOOD i NAH tuh) TURTLES will enter water but TORTOISES are land only. L TESTA - shell | |
| CARAPACE | dorsal part of a turtle/tortoise’s body shell |
| PLASTRON | ventral part of the turtle/ tortoise’s bony shell |
| TUATARA | (too uh TAR uh) has traces of a light sensitive structure on the top of its head; nonfunctional 3rd eye is covered in adult |
Created by:
btyler
Popular Biology sets