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Unit 22
Nursing Assistant Skills (Updated)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Admission to a health care facility can cause | anxiety and fear for many patients and their families. |
| In order to protect a patient’s possessions when the patient is admitted to a health care facility, what list should be made? | a personal inventory list is made of clothing, valuables, and personal items. |
| A health care worker is always legally responsible for | the safety and well-being of the patient. |
| If detected in early stages, immediate treatment can help prevent further damage. | pressure ulcers |
| Never move or transfer a patient without | correct authorization. |
| A small pillow may be placed under the waist for support | when the patient is lying on the abdomen. |
| All mechanical lifts have a weight limit and should not be used | if the patient weighs more than the weight limit. |
| A correctly made bed provides | comfort and protection for the patient. |
| Gloves must be worn if bed linen is | contaminated with urine or feces. |
| When removing dirty or soiled linen from a bed, you should | roll it and hold it away from your body. |
| Oral hygiene stimulates the appetite and provides | comfort for the patient |
| Shampooing of the patient’s hair must be approved by | the physician |
| Shaving may be prohibited or special precautions may be required for patients on | anticoagulants. |
| Jaundice is a sign of | liver disease, bile obstruction, or destruction of red blood cells. |
| While flossing the teeth, use a | gentle up-and-down motion to clean the sides of the teeth. |
| Nail care is provided on | both the hands and the feet. |
| Patients who take a shower should still receive | hair care, nail care, and a back rub. |
| An intake and output record is a record of | all fluids taken in and discharged from the body. |
| Pudding, gelatin, and ice cream are recorded as | liquid oral intake on an I&O record. |
| Allow patients whenever possible | to feed themselves |
| Most patients are sensitive about | using a bedpan or urinal. |
| To clean a bedpan or urinal, | rinse it with cold water and a disinfectant. |
| The purpose of a bladder training program is to | help the patient develop voluntary control of urination. |
| Always wipe from the front of the perineal area to the back | When providing catheter care to a female, |
| A first-voided morning specimen is used for many tests because | it is more concentrated and usually has an acid pH. |
| A sterile urine specimen container is used | to collect a clean catch or midstream specimen. |
| All urine or stool specimens must be placed in | special biohazard bags before being transported to the laboratory. |
| To obtain a sterile urine specimen | A catheter must be inserted into the bladder |
| Retention enemas are used to | instill medications, soften stool, aid in elimination of intestinal parasites, lubricate the rectum, or expel flatus. |
| Mineral oil or olive oil may be used | for oil retention enemas. |
| The solution in a disposable enema draws fluid from the body to | stimulate peristalsis and aid in the elimination of stool and flatus. |
| To make sure that the correct size jacket restraint is used. | Patients must be measured carefully |
| At times, patients or small children with itching skin conditions must | have their hands restrained. |
| Restraints should be used only | when all other means of obtaining the patient’s cooperation have failed. |
| The patient should always be told why his or her movements are being restricted with restraints, | even when the patient is irrational or confused. |
| Operative permits must be witnessed | by a legally authorized individual. |
| Surgical hose may be ordered to | support the veins of the leg and increase circulation. |
| Some states prohibit administration of | oxygen by a health care assistant. |
| Pure oxygen is very | drying and can damage or irritate mucous membranes. |
| When a pulse oximeter is used, a photodetector probe is | clipped on the patient’s finger or earlobe. |
| Postmortem care is care given to the | body immediately after death. |
| Patients’ rights still apply | after death. |
| If the eyes do not remain shut after death, | put a moist cotton ball on each eye. |
| During postmortem care if the body is contaminated with blood or body fluids | Standard precautions must be followed |
| When postmortem care is performed identification tags are usually placed on the patient’s | right ankle or right big toe, on the outside of the shroud, and on the bag containing personal items |
| Prepackaged disposable cleansing cloths, used for waterless baths, are warmed in | a microwave or special warmer prior to use. |
| Health care workers with cuts, sores, or dermatitis on their hands | must wear gloves for all patient contact. |
| An external condom catheter must be removed | at least every 24 hours, and the skin must be checked for any signs of irritation. |
| The first sign of a pressure ulcer is | a pale, red or blue-gray discoloration on the skin |
| Patients confined to bed should have their position changed at least every | two hours |
| The proper term for dizziness is | vertigo |
| What type of bed is made after a patient is discharged? | closed bed |
| If the hair is dry and tangled, what solution can be used to help remove tangles? | baby oil |
| While shaving a patient you should | Rub the razor over a gauze pad to check for nicks or damaged edges, apply lather to one small area of the face at a time and hold the skin taut. |
| If 20 milliliters of normal saline solution is put into a nasogastric tube and not withdrawn, the amount should be recorded on an I&O record as ____. | irrigation intake |
| A pint of blood given intravenously should be recorded on an I&O record as | 500 mL |
| A tube that is surgically inserted through the abdominal skin and into the stomach is called | a gastrostomy tube |
| To begin a 24-hour urine specimen, you should | have the patient void at 8 AM, discard the specimen, and start the test at 8 AM |
| How much urine should be sent to the laboratory for a routine urine specimen? | 120 cubic centimeters |
| What position should be used for the administration of enemas? | Sims |
| The amount of solution used for a soap-solution or tap-water enema is usually | 750 to 1,000 cubic centimeters |
| While applying a jacket restraint, you should | position the V-neck portion in the front |
| All restraints must be removed | every two hours for at least 10 minutes |
| To make a closed bed, you should | align the top sheet even with the top edge of the mattress |
| The correct term for excessive perspiration is called | diaphoresis |
| The type of binder used to hold perineal dressings in place for a male patient is called | a double-T binder |
| A sore caused by pressure applied to an area that interferes with circulation is called | a pressure ulcer |
| A special folding technique that secures the linen under the mattress is called | a mitered corner |
| Swelling due to an excessive accumulation of tissue fluid is called | Edema |
| A special device used to keep linen off of the patient’s legs and feet is called a | Bed cradle |
| A tightening or shortening of a muscle is called a | Contracture |
| Another word for bowel movement, the discharge of waste through the rectum is called | Defecate |
| A hollow tube, usually made of rubber, used to drain urine from the bladder is called a | Catheter |
| Positioning body parts in relation to each other in order to maintain correct body posture is called | Alignment |
| An opening on the abdominal wall created after a surgical procedure is a | Stoma |
| Emptying of the urinary bladder is called | Micturate |
| An opening into the small intestine through which stool is expelled is a/an | Ileostomy |
| An injection of fluid into the large intestine is called a/an | Enema |
| A hard mass of fecal material lodged in the intestine or rectum is called a/an | Impaction |
| A cone-shaped object with a base material of cocoa butter or glycerine is a | Suppository |
| A device that is used to provide support and relief from pain following surgery is called a/an | Binder |
| Common sites for the formation of pressure ulcers | tailbone or coccygeal area, hips, knees, heels, ankles, and elbows |
| What are the three times a pulse is checked during the dangling procedure. | before the patient is moved, after the patient is in the dangling position, after the patient is returned to a supine position |
| Checkpoints that should be observed before leaving any patient in a bed | patient is comfortable and in good alignment, side rails are elevated if indicated, bed is at lowest level, call signal and other supplies are within easy reach of the patient, all equipment has been replaced, area is neat and clean |
| Types of personal hygiene that a health care worker may provide for a patient | bath, oral hygiene, back care, hair care, nail care, shaving |
| Specific points that should be checked when a catheter and urinary drainage unit is in place. | catheter is taped or tied to the patient’s leg, tubing is free of kinks and bends, tubing does not loop down below the drainage bag, drainage bag is attached to the bed frame, drainage bag is below the level of the bladder, urine is flowing into the bag |
| If a patient is not able to answer questions for an admission form, how can you obtain the required information? | ask a relative or the person responsible for the patient |
| The first sign of a pressure ulcer is a/an | pale, red or blue-gray discoloration on the skin |
| Patients confined to bed should have their position changed at least every | two hours |
| The proper term for dizziness is | vertigo |
| While transporting a patient on a stretcher you should | Walk on the right side of the hall, Watch for cross traffic at doorways and intersections, and Move slowly whenever possible. |
| While transferring a patient with a mechanical lift you should | Check the straps, sling, and any clasps for defects, Position the sling under the patient’s shoulders and buttocks, Insert the hooks of the suspension straps from the inside of the sling to the outside. |
| What type of bed is made after a patient is discharged? | closed bed |
| If the hair is dry and tangled, what solution can be used to help remove tangles? | petroleum jelly |
| If 20 milliliters of normal saline solution is put into a nasogastric tube and not withdrawn, the amount should be recorded on an I&O record as ____. | oral intake |
| A pint of blood given intravenously should be recorded on an I&O record as | 500 mL |
| A tube that is surgically inserted through the abdominal skin and into the stomach is a/an | gastrostomy tube |
| To begin a 24-hour urine specimen you should | have the patient void at 8 AM, discard the specimen, and start the test at 8 AM |
| How much urine should be sent to the laboratory for a routine urine specimen? | 120 cubic centimeters |
| What position should be used for the administration of enemas? | Sims’ |
| The amount of solution used for a soap-solution or tap-water enema is usually | 750 to 1,000 cubic centimeters |
| Whene applying a jacket restraint, | position the V-neck portion in the front |
| All restraints must be removed | every two hours for at least 10 minutes |
| To make a closed bed, | align the top sheet even with the top edge of the mattress |
| The correct term for excessive perspiration is | diaphoresis |
| The type of binder used to hold perineal dressings in place for a male patient is a/an | double-T binder |
| A sore caused by pressure applied to an area that interferes with circulation | Pressure ulcer |
| A special folding technique that secures the linen under the mattress | Mitered corner |
| Swelling due to an excessive accumulation of tissue fluid | Edema |
| A special device used to keep linen off of the patient’s legs and feet | Bed cradle |
| A tightening or shortening of a muscle | Contracture |
| Another word for bowel movement, the discharge of waste through the rectum | Defecate |
| A hollow tube, usually made of rubber, used to drain urine from the bladder | Catheter |
| Positioning body parts in relation to each other in order to maintain correct body posture | Alignment |
| An opening on the abdominal wall created after a surgical procedure | Stoma |
| Emptying of the urinary bladder | Micturate |
| An opening into the small intestine through which stool is expelled | Ileostomy |
| An injection of fluid into the large intestine | Enema |
| A hard mass of fecal material lodged in the intestine or rectum | Impaction |
| A cone-shaped object with a base material of cocoa butter or glycerine | Suppository |
| A device that is used to provide support and relief from pain following surgery | Binder |
| If a patient is not able to answer questions for an admission form, how can you obtain the required information? | ask a relative or the person responsible for the patient |
| Common sites for the formation of pressure ulcers tailbone or coccygeal area, hips, knees, heels, ankles, and elbows | tailbone or coccygeal area, hips, knees, heels, ankles, and elbows |
| At what times should a pulse be checked during the dangling procedure | before the patient is moved, after the patient is in the dangling position, after the patient is returned to a supine position |
| What checkpoints should you observed before leaving any patient in a bed | patient is comfortable and in good alignment, side rails are elevated if indicated, bed is at lowest level, call signal and other supplies are within easy reach of the patient, all equipment has been replaced, area is neat and clean |
| What types of personal hygiene should a health care worker provide for a patient | bath, oral hygiene, back care, hair care, nail care, shaving |
| What points should be checked when a catheter and urinary drainage unit is in place | catheter is taped or tied to the patient’s leg, tubing is free of kinks and bends, tubing does not loop down below the drainage bag, drainage bag is attached to the bed frame, drainage bag is below the level of the bladder, urine is flowing into the bag |
| What things should be noted about the discharge expelled into a stoma bag or pouch | amount, color, and type of drainage |
| complications that can occur when restraints are applied | |
| operative permit signed, laboratory tests, enemas or vaginal irrigations, baths, vital signs, nothing by mouth, valuables secured, prosthetics removed, cosmetics removed, surgical shave, check name band, have patient void | different types of care that must be done preoperatively |
| vital signs; dressings; intravenous solutions; level of pain; observations on restlessness, and/or nausea and vomiting; change patient’s position as permitted; encourage patient to cough and breathe deeply; check any tubes and drainage | factors that must be checked on a postoperative patient |
| remove matches, candles, and any smoking materials from the room; caution anyone in the area to avoid smoking; post a warning sign; avoid using electrically operated equipment; | safety rules that must be observed when oxygen is being administered to a patient |
| A patient can leave a health care facility without | a written doctor's order |
| Transfers from one room to another in a health care facility are done for | may reaseons |
| Range-of-motion (ROM) exercises, footboards, and high-top tennis shoes can all be used to prevent | contractures |
| To move a patient up in bed, ask the patient to | flex the knees and brace the feet firmly on the bed |
| To turn a patient toward you, place the leg tha is farthest from you on top of the leg that is | nearest you |
| Before seating a patient in a wheelchair, make sure that the wheels are locked and the the footrest are | in a raised positioned |
| Used to move patient's up in bed and to help turn patients | draw sheet |
| Supports the top linen and prevents the line from coming into contact with the patient's legs and feet | bed cradle |
| The open end should be turned away from the door when placed on the bed | the open end of a pillow case. |
| If a patient is not able to answer questions for an admission form, how can you obtain the required information? | ask a relative or the person responsible for the patient |
| Tailbone or coccygeal area, hips, knees, heels, ankles and elbows | Common sites for the formation of pressure ulcers |
| Three times a pulse is checked during the dangling procedure | before the patient is moved, after the patient is in the dangling position, after the patient is returned to supine position |
| What check points should be observed before leaving any patient in a bed. | Patient is comfortable and in good alignment, side rails are elevated if indicated , bed is at lowest level, call signal and other supplies are within easy reach of the patient, all equipment has been replaced, area is neat and clean |
| What types of personal hygiene should a health care worker provide for a patient | Bath, oral hygiene, back care, hair care, nail care, shaving |
| What specific points should be checked when a catheter and urinary drainage unit is in place | catheter and drainage unit is secure, catheter is taped to patient's leg, tubing is free of kinks, tubing does not loop down below drainage bag, drainage bag is attached to the bed frame, drainage bag is below level of bladder |
| Complications that can occur when restraints are applied. | physical and mental frustration, impaired circulation, pressure ulcers, loss of muscle tone, respiratory problems |
| What types of care must be done preoperatively on a patient | operative permit signed, laboratory tests, nothing by mouth, valuables secured, prosthetics removed, cosmetics removed, surgical shave or skin preparation, cloths removed, ID ban checked, have patient void |
| Factors that must be checked postoperatively on a patient | Vital signs, dressings; intravenous solutions, level of pain, observations on restlessness, color and temperature of skin, nausea and vomiting, changing the patient's position, encourage patient to cough and deep breath, checking tubes |
| What safety rules that must be observed when oxygen is being administered to a patient | remove matches, candles, and any smoking materials from the room; post a no smoking sign, avoid using electrically operated equipment; use cotton in place of wool or nylon for be linen or bed clothing; inspect the area frequently |
| What is required to Transfer a patient from one room to another in a health care facility | Physician's order |
| A stage I pressure ulcer has | a red or blue-gray discoloration that does not disappear |
| Abrasions, bruises, and/or open sores as a result of tissue damage to the top layers of skin is what stage pressure ulcer? | stage II |
| Range of motion (ROM) exercises help prevent | contractures from developing |
| Footboards, foot supports and high-top tennis shoes can be used to prevent contractures by | keeping the foot at a right angle to the leg |
| To turn a patient toward you, you should | place patient's leg that is farthest from you on top of the leg that is nearest to you |
| Before seating a patient in a wheelchair, make sure that the wheels are locked and the footrests are | elevated |
| Draw sheets are used to | move patient's up in bed |
| A bed cradle supports the top linen and prevents the linen from | coming into contact with the patient's legs and feet |
| The open end of a pillowcase should be pointing in what direction | away from the door |
| Toe pleats are used on an occupied bed to keep the sheets off | a patient's feet and toes |
| Proper oral hygiene aids in the prevention of | halitosis (bad breath) |
| What type of oral hygiene is usually provided for the unconscious or semiconscious patient | SPECIAL oral hygiene |
| What can be used to provide oral hygiene to an unconscious patient | Prepared mouth swabs may contain lemon and glycerine, hydrogen peroxide, or sodium bicarbonate |
| Before cutting finger nails and toe nails you must | check physician's orders or obtain authorization from your immediate supervisor |
| Dentures should never be rinsed in | hot water (this could cause breakage) |
| To comb hair you should | keep the fingers of your hand between the scalp and the comb while combing the hair |
| While giving a back rub, DO NOT | massage directly over reddened areas and skin tags. |
| Tube feedings, or enteral feedings are recorded as | oral intake or in a special column |
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