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Genetics1

I'm Lichen Bio (Genetics)

Genetics AGenetics B
gene hereditary factors that code for traits
founder of genetics Mendel
where genes are found chromosomes
where chromosomes are found nuclei
dominance when one gene masks another gene's expression
recessive gene that is not expressed
mutation change in genetic material
2 types of mutations chromosomal & gene
phenotype organism's appearance
meiosis makes sperm or eggs
gametes sperm/eggs
disjunction when homologous chromosomes separate in meiosis
nondisjunction when homologous chromosomes fail to separate during meiosis causing mutation
homologous chromosomes chromosome pairs having the same shape, same size, and genes for the same traits
mutagenic agent cause an increase in mutations
2 categories of mutagenic agents radiation & chemical
examples of radiation x-rays, uv rays, radioactive substances
examples of chemicals formaldehyde, benzene, asbestos
2 things that interact in the expression of traits genetics and the environment
DNA stands for? deoxyribonucleic acid
basic unit of DNA nucleotide
3 parts of a nucleotide sugar, phosphate, base
sugar in DNA deoxyribose
where the genetic code is found in the SEQUENCE of bases
adenine pairs with thymine
cytosine pairs with guanine
2 scientists who developed a model of DNA Watson & Crick
bonds between bases weak hydrogen
how the DNA ladder presents itself double helix
2 functions of DNA 1) replicate itself 2) control the cell
1st step of DNA replication 2 strands unzip between bases
2nd step of DNA replication free nucleotides bond to original strands
template original strand of DNA used as a pattern to make more
message sent from DNA to ribosomes messenger RNAs
job of ribosomes to make protein
how mRNA is read in codons
bring amino acids to ribosomes transfer RNAs
when breeders choose organisms to mate based on desired traits selective breeding
when the genes of one organism are inserted into another organism genetic engineering
what genetically engineered bacteria can make insulin, human growth hormone
genetically identical copies of an organism clones
how clones are made a body cell nucleus is inserted into an egg cell stripped of its nuclues
the replacement of defective genes with healthy ones gene therapy
a method of separating DNA for analysis DNA gel elctrophoresis
Created by: gaffney
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