Question 1

***Injury proximal to  the origin of Triceps

Accepted Answer

*No extension of elbow (elbow is flexed)
*No triceps reflex

Question 2

Injury proximal to  the origin of Triceps:

***Wrist drop

Accepted Answer

(all extensor muscles and the 
Supinator are paralyzed), thumb is flexed
and adducted

Question 3

Injury proximal to  the origin of Triceps:


Injury proximal to  the origin of Triceps:

Accepted Answer

dorsolateral lower brachial 
region,  posterior surface of forearm, 
dorsum of the hand and radial side of
proximal phalanges

Question 4

Injury of the nerve in radial groove:

Accepted Answer

In fractures of humerus
Triceps muscle is usually functioning


Wirst drop and sensory loss in 
dorsolateral aspect of the forearm and hand
Plus all other problems mentioned above

Question 5

Nerve injury in forearm:

Accepted Answer

Here the deep radial nerve is injured (wrist drop)
Extension of the thumb and metacarpal joints is 
disturbed. Sensation is usually preserved

Question 6

Median Nerve injury:
Above the elbow:
Muscles in the arm are not affected
Forearm and hand muscles are affected
1- All flexors of the wrist are paralyzed 
except?

Accepted Answer

Flexor carpi ulnaris and ulnar part of Flexor 
digitorum profundus.

3- Thumb flexors and abductor paralyzed but not 
Adductor (ulnar N.) (ape hand)

Question 7

(ape hand)

Accepted Answer

Thumb flexors and abductor paralyzed but not 
Adductor (ulnar N.)

Question 8

Median Nerve injury:
Above the elbow:
 (HAND OF PAPAL BENEDICTION)

Accepted Answer

1st and 2nd Lumbricals lost function and all together, 
inability to fully flex index and middle finger

Question 9

Injury at wrist Joint: 
(suicide or injury e.g.: hand out of car’s window)

Accepted Answer

Short muscles of the thumb paralyzed, not adductor.
Thenar muscles atrophy (flattened, ape hand)
Flexor pollicis longus functioning
Sensory loss over Medial N. area

Question 10

Ulnar nerve injury: 

At wrist:

(Claw hand)

Accepted Answer

1- Fingers are hyperextended at metacarpophalangeal joints 
and flexed at interphalangeal joints (paralysis of interossei
 MM  and 2 medial lumbricals

Question 11

Ulnar nerve injury: 
Tendon of flexor digitorum perfundus (2 medial ones) 
paralyzed, Therefore ?

Accepted Answer

flexion of the ring and little finger
is not possible at distal phalangeal joints
3- Small muscles of the little finger are paralyzed

Question 12

Ulnar nerve injury: 
at wrist
Abduction and Adduction of the fingers are ?

Accepted Answer

impaired
( paralysis of interossei MM, piano playing, 
writing.. Impaired)
5- Sensory loss over ulnar innervating area

Question 13

Ulnar nerve injury: 

Injury at elbow:

Accepted Answer

Paralysis of flexor carpi ulnaris and medial portion of Flexor digitorum profundus
Ulnar deviation of the wrist is weakened, hand is abducted and extended

Question 14

Ulnar nerve injury: 

Injury at elbow:
Abduction and Adduction of the fingers are ?

Accepted Answer

impaired
( paralysis of interossei MM, piano playing, 
writing.. Impaired)
5- Sensory loss over ulnar innervating area.

Question 15

Infraclavicular region
(Deltopectoral triangle)

Accepted Answer

Borders: 1- Clavicle, 2- Deltoid, 
                3- Pectoralis major
Skin innervation: medial, intermediate and 
Lateral supraclavicular nerves (cervical plexus)
On deltoid region: innervation by axillary nerve

Question 16

Axillary region: (Pyramidal shape)
Borders:

Accepted Answer

Pectoralis Major, Latis dorsi, ribs and
intercostal muscles, humerus and 
coracobrachialis

Question 17

Volkmann's ischemic contracture is a deformity of the hand, fingers, and wrist caused by injury to the muscles of the forearm

Accepted Answer

lack of blood flow to the forearm.  occurs when there is increased pressure due to swelling(compartment syndrome)

Question 18

Lymph nodes of the Axillary region:


Arranged in 5 groups:

Accepted Answer

Pectoral, medial, apical, 
central and subscapular

Question 19

Drainage of Lymph nodes of the Axillary region:

Accepted Answer

subclavian lymphatic 
trunk to right lymphatic duct to 
right venous angle

Question 20

***Importance of Lymph nodes of the Axillary region

Accepted Answer

Breast Cancers may
give metastasis to the axillary
lymph node (75% of breast’s 
lymphatics drain here).  
Removal of the lymph nodes
may be necessary

Question 21

Mastectomy:

Accepted Answer

removal of the 
breast

Question 22

Lymphangitis

Accepted Answer

n infection of the lymph vessels 
Red streaks from infected area to the armpit or groin (may be faint or obvious)
Enlarged lymph nodes (glands) above the area of red streaks -- usually in the elbow, armpit, or groin

Question 23

Medial bicipital groove:
Between biceps and intermuscular septa

Contents:

Accepted Answer

Median N, Brachial artery and veins and
basilic vein, medial cutaneous antebrachial
nerve and ulnar N. medially

Question 24

Radial nerve is found

Accepted Answer

deep in the 
posterior brachial region in radial 
groove of humerus accompanied
by deep brachial A and V.

Question 25

Dorsum of the Hand:

Accepted Answer

Radial artery (9) enters the Snuffbox and
gives a dorsal branch which produces the
dorsal arterial arch of the hand.
Then it gives the principal artery of the thumb
and then a main branch to join the deep 
palmar arch.

Question 26

Snuffbox: borders:

Accepted Answer

Tendon of extensor pollicis longus (superior)
tendons of the ext. pollicis brevis and 
abductor pollicis longus (inferiorly).

Question 27

Contents of snuffbox:

Accepted Answer

9- Radial artery
8- Superficial radial N.

anatomy4b

anatomy slides 4b

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