Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
pathjct
midterm1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| _____PRODUCE PROSTAGLANDINS AND LEUKOTRIENES, PLATELET-ACTIVATING FACTOR, INFLAMATORY CYTOKINES, AND GROWTH FACTOIRS THAT PROMOTE REGENERATION OF TISSUES | MACROPHAGES/MONOCYTES |
| ___________CHANGES THAT OCCUR WITH INFLAMATION INVOLVE THE ARTERIOLES, CAPPILARIES, AND VENULES OF THE MICROCIRCULATION | VASCULAR |
| THE SELECTINS FUNCTION IN THE ADHESION OF _______________TO ENDOTHELIAL CELLS | LEUKOCYTES |
| THE INTEGRINS PROMOTE ________AND CELL TO EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX INTERACTIONS | CELL TO CELL |
| CHEMOTAXIS IS DYNAMIC AND ENERGY DIRECTED PROCESS FOR DIRECTED _________________ | CELL MIGRATION |
| THE GROUPS OF PROTEINS THAT DIRECT THE TRAFFICKING OF LEUKOCYTES DURING THE EARLY STAGES OF INFLAMMATION OR INJURY Are known as __________________ | chemokines |
| the ______ pathways generate toxic oxygen and nitrogen products | metabolic burst |
| the plasma derived mediators of inflammation include the _____________ factors and the proteins | coagulation and complement |
| histamines cause the _________of arterioles and increases the _________of venuoles | dilation and permeability |
| the _________family inflammatory mediators consist of prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and other inflammatory mediators | eiconasoid |
| the ___________induce inflammation and potentiate the effects of histamine and other inflammatory mediators | prostaglandins |
| aspirin and NSAIDS reduce inflammation by inactivating the first enzyme in the _________________pathway for the prostaglandin synthesis | cyclooxegenase |
| eating oily fish and other foods high in __________results in partial replacement of arachidonic acid in inflammatory cell membranes, which leads to decreasaed production of arachidonic acid derived inflammatory mediators | omega 3 fatty acids |
| agents that evoke chronic inflammation typically are low grade persistent infections or irritants that are unable to __________ or _________________ | penetrate DEEPLY OR Spread rapidly |
| ___________ is one of the most prominent manifestations of acute-phase response | fever |
| there are numerous ____________ under the skin surface that allowed blood to move directly from the arterial to the venous system | AV shunts |
| endothelial cells | regulate leukocyte extravasation |
| eosinophils | increase in the blood due to allergic reactions |
| edema | swelling due to movements of fluid from vasculature into tissues |
| neutriphils | primary phagocyte that arrives early at the site of inflammation |
| exudate | outpouring of protien rich fluid into the tissue and intervascular space |
| nitric oxide | stimulator of vasodilation |
| margination | leukocyte accumulation |
| thrombocytes | activation affects vascular permeability |
| mast cells | stimulate inflammatory reaction in response to injury or infection |
| basophils | circulating cells similar to mast cells |
| margination and adhesion;l transmigration across endothelium; chemotaxis; activation and phagocytosis | correct order of events for response |
| cardinal signs of inflammation include swelling, pain, rdness, and heat, what is the firth cardinal sign of inflammation | loss of funtion |
| the cells that are associated with allergic disorders and the inflammation associaterd with immediate hypersensitive reactions are known as what | eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, |
| why is risk of deformity greater in chronic inflammation than in acute? | fibroblasts instead of exudates proliferate from chronic |
| what happens to healing process when host defenses are totally overwhelmed by the infectiouus agents? | formation of granulation tissue is impaired |
| what is the principal mediator of the immediate transient phase | what are most prominent systemic manifestations of inflammation |
| cancer is a disorder of cell _________ and ______________ | differentiation and growth |
| the process of cell division results in___________ | cellular proliferation |
| ___________ is the process of specialization whereby ccells acquire the structure and function of the cells they replace | differentiation |
| protiens called ____________ control the entry and progression of cells through the cell cycle | cyclins |
| kinases are enzymes that ________protiens | phosphorylate |
| granulation tissue | glistening red moist connective tissue that contains newly formed cappilarries |
| wound healing, first intent vs. second intent | first, well approximated edges, suture, second intent |
| drainage onn a burn wound | serous exudate |
| phases of wound healing | inflammatory, prolifereative, maturational |
| how does hyperbaric treatment enhance wound healing | increase in angiogenisis |
| our genetic information is stored in the structure or _____________ | deoxyribonucleic |
| ______________ serves as a template for protein synthesis | ribonucleic |
| the complete set of proteins encoded by the genome is known as the ___________ | proteome |
| a precise complimentary pairing of ___________________ and )__________________ bases occurs in the double stranded double-stranded DNA molecule | pyridine and purine |
| human somatic cells contain ________pairs of chromosomes | 23 |
| errors in DNA replication are known as __________ | mutations |
| the position of a gene on a chromasome is called its ______________ | loci, allels |
| a ______________ is a graphic method of portraying a family history for an inheritede trait | pedigree |
| tRNA | used to align amino acids with ribosomes for formation of protien |
| transcription factors | regulate and initiate transcription |
| penetrance | ability of a gene to express its function |
| mRNA | template that is copied from DNA |
| mitosis | duplication of somatic cells |
| meiosis | replicating germ cells |
| expressivity | manner in which the gene is expressed |
| chromosomes | organized and condensed DNA |
| multifactorial inheritance | multiple alleles at diferent loci affect the outcome |
| single gene inheritance | one pair of genes is involved in transfer of information |
| how many somatic and how many sex chromosomes | 22 pair of autosomes, 2 |
| name for complete set of protiens encoded by a genome | proteome |
| replication steps (4) | DNA unwinds, complimentary molecule is formed, 2 stranse become 4, mitosis occurs |
| what are chromosomes thaat are not sex chromosomes called | autosomes |
| what are accidental errors in duplication of DNA called | mutations |
| what type of inheritance involves multiple genes at different loci | polygenic inheritance |
| deletion in chromosome 15 causes Prader Willi syndrome when inherited from the father, when it is inherited from the mother it presents as ___________ | anglemans syndrome (happy puppet) |
| what kind of trait is expressed only in people with homozygous pairing | recessive trait |
| DNA fingerprinting compares what | banding |
| gene therapy uses what types of compounds? | Cloned DNA SEQUENCES |
| Human genetic material is 99.9% IDENTICAL, THE 0.01% that encompasses all the gentic differences in humans is called __________ | haploid |
| What are differnces ifn DNA vs RNA?? | rna is single strand, sugar is ribose, uracil vs. thymine |
| one of the first things produced using recombinant DNA technology was _____ | insulin was first example of a product made |
| genotype | THE GENETIC INFO COTAINED IN THE BASE SEQUENCE TRIPLET CODE |
| phenotype | TRAITS ASSOCIATED WITH A SPECIFIC GENOTYPE THAT IS RECOGNIZABLE |
| pharmacogenetics | how drugs respond to a specific genqatic variant |
| SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDIZATION | FUSION OF HUMAN SOMATIC CELLS WITH THOSE OF A DIFFERENT SPECIES |
| penetrance | THE ABILITY OF A GENE TO EXPRESS ITS FUNCTION |
Created by:
jrjct1
Popular Nursing sets