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Micro-1913
Famous Scientists
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Using a simple microscope, this man observed cork structures and calls them "cells"; designs iris diaphram used in cameras;made drawings of lunar craters | Robert Hooke |
| First observed microbes with elementary (single lens) microscope that he designed; described "wee beasties"; thought to have better than 20/20 vision; the Father of Microscopy" | Anton van Leeuwenhoek |
| In England, he developed and used the first vaccine in history; the vaccine was against smallpox; the practice originated in Turkey | Edward Jenner |
| Disproved the theory of "spontaneous generation" using a swan-necked flask; made vaccines against anthrax and rabies; considered the "Father of Microbiology" | Louis Pasteur |
| Developed techniques for aseptic surgery from writings of Semmiweiss; probably saved millions from dying from infections; grew the first pure culture of S. Lactis | Joseph Lister |
| Proved germs cause disease; studied tuberculosis and cholera; developed Koch's Postulates; refined "pure culture' techniques | Robert Koch |
| Discovered the first bacterial toxin from the diphtheria bacillus; developed an anti-toxin against the toxin that can be used for treatment of the disease; is awarded the first Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1901. | Emil Von Behring |
| Watches starfish larvae "eat" microbes and discovers "phagocytosis"; later observes white blood cells doing the same; proposes WBCs are the central part of our immune systems; awarded Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1908 | Ilya Mechnikov |
| Passes "immunity" from one animal to another using serum from infected survivors; proposes the "humoral Theory of Immunity"; develops treatment for syphilis; awarded Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1908 | Paul Ehrlich |
| Discovers the first antibiotic, penicillin, from a mold growing on a plate; discovery ushers in the "Age of antibiotics" | Alexander Fleming |
| Discovers the process of transformation in bacteria where genes can be transfered from dead bacteria to live ones; explains how bacteria acquire pathogenic traits; died in his lab during a London bombing | Frederich Griffith |
| With an x-ray made by Rosalind Franklin, the decipher the structure of DNA, the chemical of all genes; this structure explains how genetic information is stored and copied; Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1962 | James Watson and Frances Crick |
| They decipher the structure of antibody molecules, the active proteins in serum that confer humoral immunity; protein make of 4 polypeptide chains; Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1972 | Gerald Edelman and Rodney Porter |
| He and his team develop methods for gene cloning and making recombinant DNA; opens door to Era of Molecular Biology; Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1980 | Paul Berg |
Created by:
kkrigsby
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