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Cell Bio pages 2-10
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| nature | everything in the universe except what humans have manufactured |
| atoms | fundamental building blocks of all substances, living or non living |
| molecules | when atoms join with other atoms |
| cell | smallest unit of life that can survive and reproduce on its own, given info in DNA, energy inputs, raw materials, and suitable environmental conditions |
| organism | an individual that consists of one or more cells |
| population | group of individuals of the same kind of organism, or species, living in a specified area |
| community | consists of all populations of all species in a specified area |
| ecosystem | a community interacting with its physical and chemical environment |
| biosphere | most inclusive level of organization, encompasses all regions of Earth's crust, waters, and atmosphere in which organisms live |
| emergent property | characteristic of a system that does not appear in any of its component parts |
| energy | capacity to do work |
| nutrient | type of atom or molecule that has an essential role in growth and survival and that an organism cannot make for itself |
| producers | acquire energy and simple raw materials from environmental sources and make their own food |
| photosynthesis | when plants use sunlight energy to make sugars from carbon dioxide and water |
| consumers | cannot make their own food, they get energy and nutrients indirectly-by eating producers and other organisms |
| receptor | a molecule or cellular structure that responds to a specific form of stimulation, such as the energy of light or the mechanical energy of a bite |
| homeostasis | by sensing and adjusting to change, organisms keep conditions in their internal environment within a range that favors cell survival. all organisms do this process. |
| DNA | a nucleic acid, the signature molecule of life |
| traits | source of each individual's distinct features |
| inheritance | transmission of DNA from parents to offspring |
| reproduction | refers to actual mechanisms by which parents transmit DNA to offspring |
| development | orderly transformation of the first cell of a new individual into an adult |
| species | kind of organism |
| genus | group of species that share a unique set of features, determines the first part of the organisms name |
| archaeans and bacteria | single celled organisms |
| eukaryotes | start out life with a nucleus |
| protists | simplest kind of eukaryotes |
| fungi | eukaryotic, most are multicelled, many are decomposers, all secrete enzymes that digest food outside the body-then their cells absorb the released nutrients |
| plants | multicelled species, most live on land or freshwater environments, most are photosynthetic |
| animals | multicelled consumers that ingest tissues or juices of other organisms |
| mutations | small scale changes in DNA, arises variations in traits |
| adaptive trait | when a mutation causes an individual to become better suited to its environment, gives individual better chance of survival |
| natural selection | differential survival and reproduction of individuals in a population that differ in the details of their heritable traits |
| evolution | change in a line of descent |
Created by:
sydneyshaffer
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