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chap 13-14 test
SALT anatomy chap 13 & 14
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| nasal cavity | the large hollow space within the “nose” |
| nasal mucous | nose slime that captures dirt and debris |
| larynx | voice box |
| bronchioles | smallest branches of the bronchi |
| pharynx | throat |
| laryngeal prominence | Adams apple |
| oral cavity | situated just behind the lips and teeth of the “mouth” |
| trachea | windpipe |
| alveolus wall | a thin membrane where respiration actually takes place |
| What is the function of the Respiratory System? | To deliver oxygen molecules to the bloodstream, while removing accumulated carbon dioxide |
| What are the two major divisions of the respiratory system? | The upper respiratory tract and the lower respiratory tract |
| The Upper Respiratory Tract consists of what five main components | nasal cavity, oral cavity, pharynx (throat), larynx (voice box), and trachea ( main windpipe) |
| What keeps the trachea from collapsing? | Partial rings or horseshoes of cartilage with in walls |
| What is the function of cilia in the trachea? | To catch dust, dirt and debris so it doesn’t get into the lungs |
| Why does the right lung contain more lobes than the left lung? | The heart primarily lies on the left side |
| How many alveoli are contained within our two lungs? | 300 million |
| What is bronchodilation? | During stress or exercise, the autonomic nervous system tells the smooth muscle in the walls of the bronchioles to relax and in turn widen so we can take in more air. |
| What is the difference between respiration and ventilation? | ventilation is the process of bringing air in and out of the lungs – the job of the entire respiratory system. Respiration is the actual exchange of gases that only takes place in the alveoli membrane where oxygen is exchanged for carbon dioxide. |
| Ingestion | process of carrying food in |
| Egestion | process of carrying feces out |
| digestion | dividing or dissolving |
| secretion | the release of useful products |
| bolus | soft ball of partially digested food |
| chime | thick soupy mass of digested material |
| bile | brownish-green detergent substance that emulsifies fat |
| What are the five functions of the digestive system? | Ingestion, digestion, absorption, secretion, and Egestion (Defecation) |
| How many permanent teeth do adults have? | 32 |
| Name the four types of teeth and the function of each | Incisor – cut, Canine – tear or slash, Premolar and molar – crush |
| What important function does the uvula have during swallowing? | Helps retard food from going up to the nose (directs it down the throat) |
| List the functions of the tongue | Taste, Senses temperature and texture, Manipulates food while chewing, Aids in swallowing |
| What prevents you from swallowing your tongue? | The membrane under your tongue called the Lingual frenulum |
| How many salivary glands are there in your mouth? | 3 pairs |
| What are the functions of saliva? | |
| What are the four functions of the stomach? | temporary holding area for ingested food, Secretes acid and enzymes causing chemical digestion, Regulates rate partially digested food enters the small intestine, Absorbs small amounts of water and substances |
| Why is the small intestine considered the major organ of the digestive system? | It is where most of the digestion takes place. Three accessory organs function from this part digestion |
| How long is the small intestine? | 20 feet |
| List the three sections of the small intestine | duodenum, jejunum, ileum |
| What major function does the liver contribute to the digestive system? | Produces bile |
| What major function does the gall bladder contribute to the digestive system? | It stores the bile and releases it into the small intestine when hormones are released. It also removes the water from bile making it more concentrated |
| What function does the pancreas provide for the digestive system? | It secretes a buffer that protects the intestinal wall from damage and contains digestive enzymes that complete chemical digestion |
| Describe how villi increase the absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream | The villi form little hills that increase the surface area enabling it to absorb more nutrients |
| What are the functions of the large intestine? | Water re-absorption, Absorption of vitamins, Packaging and compacting waste products for elimination from the body. |
| What are the three regions of the large intestine? | cecum, colon, and rectum |
| What is the function of the appendix? | believed to replenish the beneficial bacteria in our digestive tract |
Created by:
libbykaly
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