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anticonvulsants
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is a grand mal seizure? | lose consciousness |
| what is a generalized tonic-clonic seizure? | sudden cry, falling, rigidity, followed by muscle jerks, shallow breathing, apnea |
| what is an absence seizure? | staring, fluttering of the eyes. no unconsciousness |
| what is a myoclonic seizure? | brief massive muscle jerk with no unconsciuosness |
| What must you always do with anticonvulsants? | draw serum drug levels |
| when used prolonged Barbiturates are among the safest form of what anticovulsant therapy? | long term |
| Phenytoin (dilantin) is in what class of anticonvulsants? | hydantoins |
| which route is most popular and why? | oral because IV is very irritating to the vein and also precipitates out when used IV |
| which class shouldn't you use while pregnant? | Hydantoins |
| Phenytoin (dilantin) has a narrow therapeutic range...what is it? | 10-20 mcg/ml |
| phenytoin (dilantin) decreases the effects of what? | anticoagulants and oral contraceptives |
| Fosphenytoin (cerebyx) is in which class of anticonvulsants? | Hydantoins |
| which route is the most popular with Fosphenytoin (cerebyx) | IV (be careful though because too fast is bad) |
| Fosphenytoin (cerebyx) is water or fat soluble? | water |
| what does fosphenytoin (cerebyx) treat? | status epilepticus |
| what is status epilepticus? | no return of consciousness between seizure |
| what are some side effects of phenytoin (dilantin)? | gingival hyperplasia (gums), slurred speech, confusion, thrombocytopen, leukopenia. |
| fosphenytoin (cerebyx) may cause..? | bradycardia, cardiac arrest, heart block, ventricular fibrillation |
| Oxazolidinediones is a class of what? | anticonvulsants |
| oxazolidinediones are rarely used because of what? | side effects |
| which class of anticonvulsants has very serious side effects that include blood dyscrasias and or renal and hepatic hysfunction? | oxazolidinediones |
| paramethadione (paradione) is in what class of anticonvulsants? | oxazolidinediones |
| what is paramethadione (paradione) used for? | treating absence seizures when others do not work. |
| which anticonvulsant class is primarily used for absence seizures? | succinimides |
| the safest drug in the succinimides class is what? | ethosuximide (zarontin) |
| what should you do when taking ethosuximide (zarontin)? | take with food (upsetting to the GI) and check cbc every 3 months incase of blood abnormalities |
| which classes of anticonvulsants are also in the sedatives and hypnotics section??? | benziodiazepines and barbiturates! |
| clonazepen (klonopin) is in which class of anticonvulsants? | benzodiazepines |
| clonazepan (klonopi) is a controlled substance....? | 4 |
| which two other benzodiazepines are used as anticonvulsants? | diazepam (valium) and lorazepan (ativan) |
| Iminostilbene is a class of what? | anticonvulsants |
| Carbamazapine (tegretol) is in which class? | anticonvulsants |
| which drug do you take for congenital myalgia? | Carbamezapine (tegretol) |
| with carbamezapine (tegretol), what do you watch for? | sodium levels...they can deplete |
| valproic acid (depakene) is in which class? | valproate |
| divalproex na (depakote) is in which class? | valproate |
| which class do you check liver functions? | valproate |
| which class is gabapentin (neurontin) in? | miscellaneous |
| which drug is used secondarily to treat chronic nerve pain? | gabapentin (neurontin) |
| magnesium sulfate is in which class? | miscellaneous |
Created by:
lyndsey_168
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