anticonvulsants
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| what is a grand mal seizure? | lose consciousness
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| what is a generalized tonic-clonic seizure? | sudden cry, falling, rigidity, followed by muscle jerks, shallow breathing, apnea
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| what is an absence seizure? | staring, fluttering of the eyes. no unconsciousness
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| what is a myoclonic seizure? | brief massive muscle jerk with no unconsciuosness
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| What must you always do with anticonvulsants? | draw serum drug levels
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| when used prolonged Barbiturates are among the safest form of what anticovulsant therapy? | long term
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| Phenytoin (dilantin) is in what class of anticonvulsants? | hydantoins
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| which route is most popular and why? | oral because IV is very irritating to the vein and also precipitates out when used IV
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| which class shouldn't you use while pregnant? | Hydantoins
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| Phenytoin (dilantin) has a narrow therapeutic range...what is it? | 10-20 mcg/ml
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| phenytoin (dilantin) decreases the effects of what? | anticoagulants and oral contraceptives
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| Fosphenytoin (cerebyx) is in which class of anticonvulsants? | Hydantoins
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| which route is the most popular with Fosphenytoin (cerebyx) | IV (be careful though because too fast is bad)
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| Fosphenytoin (cerebyx) is water or fat soluble? | water
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| what does fosphenytoin (cerebyx) treat? | status epilepticus
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| what is status epilepticus? | no return of consciousness between seizure
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| what are some side effects of phenytoin (dilantin)? | gingival hyperplasia (gums), slurred speech, confusion, thrombocytopen, leukopenia.
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| fosphenytoin (cerebyx) may cause..? | bradycardia, cardiac arrest, heart block, ventricular fibrillation
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| Oxazolidinediones is a class of what? | anticonvulsants
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| oxazolidinediones are rarely used because of what? | side effects
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| which class of anticonvulsants has very serious side effects that include blood dyscrasias and or renal and hepatic hysfunction? | oxazolidinediones
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| paramethadione (paradione) is in what class of anticonvulsants? | oxazolidinediones
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| what is paramethadione (paradione) used for? | treating absence seizures when others do not work.
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| which anticonvulsant class is primarily used for absence seizures? | succinimides
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| the safest drug in the succinimides class is what? | ethosuximide (zarontin)
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| what should you do when taking ethosuximide (zarontin)? | take with food (upsetting to the GI) and check cbc every 3 months incase of blood abnormalities
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| which classes of anticonvulsants are also in the sedatives and hypnotics section??? | benziodiazepines and barbiturates!
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| clonazepen (klonopin) is in which class of anticonvulsants? | benzodiazepines
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| clonazepan (klonopi) is a controlled substance....? | 4
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| which two other benzodiazepines are used as anticonvulsants? | diazepam (valium) and lorazepan (ativan)
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| Iminostilbene is a class of what? | anticonvulsants
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| Carbamazapine (tegretol) is in which class? | anticonvulsants
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| which drug do you take for congenital myalgia? | Carbamezapine (tegretol)
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| with carbamezapine (tegretol), what do you watch for? | sodium levels...they can deplete
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| valproic acid (depakene) is in which class? | valproate
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| divalproex na (depakote) is in which class? | valproate
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| which class do you check liver functions? | valproate
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| which class is gabapentin (neurontin) in? | miscellaneous
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| which drug is used secondarily to treat chronic nerve pain? | gabapentin (neurontin)
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| magnesium sulfate is in which class? | miscellaneous
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