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Endocrine System(MR)

QuestionAnswer
Function of the Endocrine System Glands continuously secrete produced calld hormones, which are chemical messengers that deliver stimulatory or inhibitory signals to target cells as a reslt of a feeback mechaism, oce secreted, hormones usually rein present in the body for 4 to 6 hours.
Thyroid Gland Overlies thyroid cartilage below the larynx
Thyroid hormones Accelerate cellular raction in most body cells (Thyroxine, Triioidothyronine, Calcitonin)
Thyroxine Stimulates metabolic rate, essential for normal physical and mental devlopment)
Triiodothyronine inhibits anterior pituitary secreation of thyroid stimulating hormone
Calcitonin decreases loss of calciumfrom bone; promotes hypocalcemia; actin opposite that of parathormone
Small glads embeded in the posterior pat of thyroid Parathyroid gland
Parathyroid hormone (parathormone) 1 Increases bood calcium concentration 2 Decreases blood phosphate concetration b slowing it reabsoption fromthe kidnes, thereby decreasing calcium loss in urine.
How des Parathyroi hrmone increase blood calcium concentration A Breakdown of bone with relsease of calcium ito blood (requies the active formof vatamin D) B Calcium absrption from intestine into the blood C Kidney tubule reabsorptio of calcium
Two closely associated structures, adrenal medulla and adrenal cortex positioned at each kidneys superior border Adrenal glan
Adrenal hormones Adrenal medulla and adrenal cortex
Adreal medulla produces two catecholamines epinephrine and norepinephrine
Stimulate liver an skelealmuscle to break down glycogen to produce glucse Adrenal medulla
Inreases oxygen use and carbon doixid production Adrenal medulla
Increase blood concentation of free fatty acids through stimulation of lipolysis in adipose tissue adrenal medulla
cause constiction of nearly allblood vessels of body thus increasing totalperipheral resistance and arterial pressure to shunt blood to vital organs adrenal medulla
increases heat rate and force of contraction and thus raise cardiac output adrenal medulla
inhibit contractions of gasrointestinal an uterine smot muscl Adrenal hormones
Epinephrine significantly dilates bronchial smooth muscles Adrenal hormones
Adrenal Cortex: secertes the mineralocorticoid aldosterone and the glucocorticods cortisol and crticosterone
Markedly accelerates sodium and water reabsorption by kidney tubules aldosterone
markedly accelerats potassium excretion by kidney tubules aldosterone
Aldosterone secretin increases as sodium ion decrease or potassium ions increase aldosterone
accelerate mobilizaion and catabolim of tissue protein and fats Cortisol and corticosterone
accelerate mobilization an catabolism of tissue protein and fats Cortisl an Corticosterone
decrase antiboody formain (immuosuppressive, antiallergic effect) Cortisl an Corticosterone
slow the prolifeation of fibroblasts characteristic of imflammatio Cortisl an Corticosterone
decease adrenocorticopic homone ACTH secretion Cortisl an Corticosterone
Mily accelareate sodium and watr reabsorption an potassium excretion by kidney tubules Cortisl an Corticosterone
Increase rlease of coagulatio factors Cortisl an Corticosterone
Where is the Pancreas located Retroperitoneal in abdominal cavity
Pancreatic hormones regulate? glucose and protein homeostasis throughte action of insulin and glucagon.
Insulin is secreted by islets ofLangerhans
Insulin promotes te cellula uptake of glucose
Insulin stmulates itacellular macromolecular synthesis, such as glycogensynthesis (glyconeogeisis), fat synthesis (lipogenesis) and protein synthess. Also stimulates cellular uptake of sodium and potassium.
Created by: Rohlfee
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