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McC 8 Chem Ch 3

TermDefinition
period horizontal row of elements in the periodic table whose properties change gradually and predictably
group family of elements in the periodic table that have similar physical or chemical properties
representative elements elements in Groups 1 & 2, and 13 - 18 in the periodic table that include metals, metalloids and nonmetals
transition elements elements in Groups 3 - 12 in the periodic table, all of which are metals
metal element that has luster, is malleable and ductile, is a good conductor of heat and electricity
metalloid element that shares some properties with metals and nonmetals
nonmetals element that is usually a gas or brittle solid at room temperature and is a poor conductor of heat and electricity
How did Mendeleev arrange the periodic table? by increasing atomic mass
How did Moseley arrange the periodic table? by increasing atomic number
How is the modern periodic table arranged? by increasing atomic number
Where are metals located on the periodic table? to the left of the stair step line
Where are the nonmetals located on the periodic table? to the right of the stair step line plus Hydrogen
Where are the metalloids located on the periodic table? along the stair step line except Aluminum which is a metal
oxidation number the number of electrons an atom will gain, lose or share in order to bond and complete its outer energy level. A '+' means the atom will LOSE electrons. A '-' means the atom will GAIN electrons.
valence electrons electrons in the outer most energy level
ionic bond bond between metals and nonmetals
covalent bond bond between nonmetals or 2 atoms of the same element
metallic bond bond between metals
What is the maximum number of valence electrons? 8
Where do you look on the periodic table to quickly tell the number of energy levels an element has? the period number
Where do you look on the periodic table to quickly tell the number of valence electrons an element has? at the one's place of the group number - Group 1 has 1 valence electron - Group 17 has 7 valence electrons
Octet Rule atoms gain, lose or share electrons until they have a full outer shell (most need 8 valance electrons to be stable) Hydrogen and Helium are exceptions
'+' oxidation number a '+' means an atom will lose electrons
'-' oxidation munber a '-' means an atom will gain electrons
properties of metals shiny, ductile, malleable,conductor of heat & electricity
properties of nonmetals dull, brittle, insulator
properties of metalloids properties of both metals & nonmetals
When you are making a compound, the oxidation numbers should add up to what number? 0
synthetic elements made in a lab
Created by: MCJH
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