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Exploring Life
Chapter 1 Terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Biology | The scientific study of life |
| Biosphere | The entire portion of Earth inhabited by life. |
| Ecosystem | A biological community and its physical environment (abiotic factors). |
| Community | All the populations of all the organisms living in the same place at the same time. |
| Population | A group of of the same species living in the same area at the same time. |
| Organism | An individual living thing |
| Organ system | A group of organs that work together to perform body functions. |
| Tissue | A group of cells with a common function and/or structure. |
| Cell | The structural and functional unit of life. |
| Organelle | A membrane bound structure in a cell that has a specific job. |
| Molecule | Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds. |
| Atom | The small unit of matter that retains the properties of an element. |
| Emergent Properties | "The whole is greater than the sum of its parts" New properties that emerge with each step upward in the hierarchy of life, owing to the arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases. |
| Producer | Forms own food by converting sunlight energy into a usable form of energy. |
| Consumer | Organim that obtains its food by eating other organisms. |
| Nutrient Cycling | See Figure 1.2 |
| Energy Flow | The movement of energy from the sun thru organisms, ultimately being released as heat. |
| Prokaryote/prokaryotic (Before Nucleus) | Domains: Bacteria and Archaea Small, simple, no nucleus, no membrane-bound organelles |
| Eukaryote/eukaryotic (True Nucleus) | Domain: Eukarya Large, complex, nucleic, compartmentalized |
| Gene | A section of DNA that has directions for a particular product, such as protein. |
| Species | A group whose members possess similar characteristics and have the ability to reproduce. |
| Taxonomy | Classification or Organisms |
| Domain | Above the Kingdom Level Bacteria Archaea Eukarya |
| Bacteria | Prokaryote |
| Archaea | Prokaryote |
| Eukarya | Eukaryote |
| Evolution | The genetic changes in a population over time. |
| Natural Selection | The mechanism for evolution. Organisms with certain inherited characteristics are more likely to survive and reproduce than those who are different. |
| Individual Variation | ... |
| Overproduction of offspring | more of a species is born with little chance to survive |
| Unequal reproductive success | Is natural selection. The accumulation of favorable variations over time. |
| Discovery Science | Descriptive (What) Verifiable observations and measurements Ex. Recording, data sharing |
| Inductive reasoning | (Discovery science) derives general principles from a large number of specific observations |
| Hypothesis | An educated guess |
| Hypothesis-based science | Explanatory (Why) |
| Deductive Reasoning | Taking general principles and deducing specifics. |
| Theory | A widely accepted explanatory idea that is broad in scope and supported by a lot of evidence. |
| Controlled Experiment | Requires an experimental test and controlled test. The experimental will vary from the controlled in the end. |
| Science | attempt to understand natural phenomenon |
| Technology | Application of scientific knowledge to a specific purpose. |
Created by:
Jazmin217
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