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Chapter 1 Bio Lab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Classification Hierarchy | Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus Species. |
| What is Cladistics? | Creating an evolutionary tree based on shared derived characteristics. |
| What is Clade? | A group of organisms related by evolutionary decent. |
| What are the Domains? | Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya |
| What are the Kingdoms of Bacteria? | Bacteria |
| What are the Kingdoms of Archaea? | Archebacteria |
| What are the Kingdoms of Eukarya? | Anamilia, Fungi, Virdiplantae, and Protista |
| What is Natural Selection? | Differential populations of a genotype over time. |
| 2 Things needed for Natural Selection | Variability with organisms Test/Environmental Pressure. |
| What is Microevolution? | A change in allele frequency (Natural Selection is a process by which microevolution occurs. |
| What is Symbiosis? | It is when 2 organisms are living together. |
| What is Mutualism? | (+)(+) Both organisms benefit. |
| What is Commensalism? | (+)(Ø) One Benefits while the other is unaffected. |
| What is Parasitism? | (+)(-) One benefits while the other is harmed. |
| What is Endosymbiotic? | When one organism is living within another. |
| What makes Archeae bacteria unique? | They are extremeophiles. (Live in extreme conditions) |
| What are Halophiles? | Type of extremeophile. Live in extremely salty environments. ex. Dead Sea, Great Salt Lake. |
| What are Thermophiles? | Type of extremeophile. Live in extreme Temperatures. ex. Deep Sea Vents, Yellow Stones Hot Springs. |
| What are Methanogens? | Type of extemeophile. Live in high concentrations of Methane. ex. Swamps, Intestines. |
| What makes Bacteria Prokaryotic? | No membrane bound organelles. No nucleus. Circular Chromosomes No Introns (only exons) |
| What are the 3 Major growth forms of Bacteria? | Bacillus (look like sausage links) Coccus (clumped in little clusters) Spirillum (spiral and corkscrewed shaped) |
| What is Heterotrophic? | Must get food from an outside source. |
| What are Primary Decomposers? | Feed off dead matter – AEBOTIC |
| What are Secondary Decomposers? | They break down the products of primary decomposers – AEROBIC |
| What is Pathogenic? | It is disease causing in humans. |
| What is photoautotroph? | Uses energy from he sun to make food. |
| What is Luthoautotrophs? | Rock Fixing CO2. ex. Acid Mine Draining causes sulfer to get into water. |
| What are the 4 growth phases of Bacteria? | 1. Log Phase 2. Expenantial Growth 3.Stationary Growth (platoe) 4. Death Phase (catastrophic event) |
| What does a Gram(+) Stain mean? | Thick peptidoglycerin cell wall. |
| What does a Gram(-) Stain mean? | Thin peptidoglycerin cell wall. |