Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
mental health final
nursing
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Mental Health is | The ability to cope with and adjust to the recurrent stresses of living in an acceptable way. |
| Mental health is influenced by what 3 factors | Inherited characteristics, childhood nurturing, life circumstances. |
| Social determinants of health include: | Income, equity, social inclusion, employment, job security, early childhood care, education, food security, housing. |
| Mental illness is: | Disturbance in the ability to cope effectively. |
| primitive society viewed mental illness as | possession by evil spirits |
| primitive society tx was to: | remove evil spirits by bleeding, message, induce vomiting, trephinig. |
| First psychiatric text was written by | Benjamin Rush called "diseases of mind". |
| Clifford beers wrote | "A mind that found itself" after spending 3 years in a mental hospital. |
| Sigmond Freud - Psychoanalysis | related to repressed sexual energies, first to demonstrate that behaviour could be changed under proper circumstances. Supressed feelings will come out eventually. |
| Thorazine | first antipsychotic |
| Imipramine | first antidepressant |
| Hildegard peplau | Mother of psychiatric nursing, influenced current nursing role. |
| approx ____ canadians will experience a mental illness in their lifetime | 20% |
| Culture | learned or socially transmitted beliefs, values or behaviours. Total way of life |
| Race | group of individuals that share physical characteristics |
| Ethnicity | Social term, associated with patterns, customs and cultural habits of a particular ethnic group. |
| Norms | established rules of conduct |
| Role | Expected pattern of behaviour |
| Stereotype | over simplified mental picture of cultural group. |
| cultural assessment | communication (voice geture touch), Environment (alternative practitioners, victim), Space, Social orientation (family unit, gender roles), biological (genetic makeup) |
| Watsons caring theory | Holistic approach |
| Social Change | the structural and cultural evolution of society |
| Meyer Psychiatric Pluralism theory | integration of human byological functions with the environment |
| Psychosocially oriented ideas | proposed that mental disorders reulted from environmental and social deprivation. |
| Choice | access to a wide variety of of publicly funded services |
| Community | making these services available in the communities |
| integration | using all services and supports across many levels |
| mental illness began to be viewed as illness in | 1800's |
| Health promotion | the process of enabling people to increase control over and improve their health. |
| Determinants of health | Income, equality, social inclusion, employment & security, childhood care, eduaction, food, housing. |
| Epidemiology | Study of pattern of disease distribution in time and space. |
| Anhedonia | Lack of pleasure or interest |
| AXIS 1 | clinical disorder: Panic disorder, schizophrenia |
| AXIS 2 | Personality: Obsessive compulsive disorder |
| AXIS 3 | General medical: Diabetes |
| AXIS 4 | Psychosocial&Environmental: Occupational, frequently absent. |
| AXIS 5 | Global: GAF, symptom scoring system |
| CRISIS PHASE #1 | Problem arises (increased anxiety, usual problem solving) |
| CRISIS PHASE #2 | Usual problem solving not effective, trial and error to try to restore balance |
| CRISIS PHASE #3 | Trial and error attempts fail, anxiety escalates to panic. |
| CRISIS PHASE #4 | Automatic relief behaviours no longer reduce anxiety, personality disorganization. PERSON IS IN CRISIS. |
| CRISIS STABILIZATION | control of precipitating symptoms through medication, behavioural interventions and coordination with agencies. |
| crisis response | short term intervention focuses on de-escalation, stabilization, symptom reduction, prevent relapse. |
| Moral agent | a person engaged in determining or expressing a moral ethical choice. |
| Virtue | the quality of doing what is right and avoiding what is wrong |
| Deontology | is an approach to ethics that judges the morality of an action based on the action's adherence to a rule or rules. The study of moral obligation |
| therapeutic relationship | an exchange of energy that occurs between 2 people that moves a client towards more effective behaviours |
| TEACH | trust, empathy, autonomy, caring, hope |
| Rapport | good reputation, previous dealings of trust and cooperation. |
| preparation phase | data, self assessment, plan |
| orientation phase | introduction |
| working phase | examine problems and solutions, remind relationship will terminate, trust is paramount in this stage |
| Termination | accomplishment, talk about feeling of loss, remind of progress, look forward to future. |
| Therapeutic communication | exchange of information, ideas, feelings, beliefs or attitudes. GOAL directed |
| Validation | checking out ones thoughts or feelings with client |
| Empathy | the ability to experience, in the present, a situation as someone experienced it in the past. acceptance and understanding of ones feelings |
| Active listening | paraphrase, label feelings, validate feelings. |
| Comprehension | reasoning |
| experiences | perceptions |
| Broad openings, empathetically neutral, clarify misunderstandings | effective therapeutic communication |
| Ethics | consideration of the way a person should act in order to live a good life with others |
| who determines what is ethical | CNO |
| ethics values | safe competent care, health, choice, dignity, confidence, justice, accountability, quality environment |
| Utilitarianism | the greatest good for the greatest number. (restraints) |
| principlism | nonmalficence, beneficance, autonomy, justice |
| non-maleficence | Do no harm |
| beneficience | do the best possible for this person |
| autonomy | make own choices |
| justice | equal and fair access to resources for all |
| Moral dilemma | situation in which one is obligated to act, 2 incompatable alternatives. decision making framework |
| moral distress | external restraints. ex. too little time and resources to give adequate time and treatment to patients |
| veracity | duty to tell the truth |
| fidelity | do what you say you will do |
| mental health act | a law that gives certain powers to providing admission and treatment for those with a mental disorder |
| voluntary admission | must be competent to make own decisions regarding treatment, including concequences of decisons. |
| involuntary admission | admitted against their will for assessment and treatment for mental condition that may cause harm or deteriorate. |
| cannot recieve treatment for illness unless | consent is given unless deamed incompliant |
| just doing what is required at work, clients are just okay. | ethics, non-maleficience |
| ECT breaks ethics of | DO no harm (non-malficience) |
| Form 1 | 72 hrs, let go if not assessed within 72hrs, if seen harmful after assessment put on form 3 CANT APPEAL! right to a lawyer, no privliges or rights advice |
| form 3 | 14 days certificate of involuntary admission. advocacy office rights read |
| form 4 | 1-3 mons mandantory meeting after 6months, certificate of renewal client continues to meet criteria for MHA |
| form 5 | releases form 3, 4. change to voluntary status. notify consent and capacity board |
| form 9 | order to return pt on form 1 or 3 who leaves hospital contact police. |
| signal anxiety | an anticipated event produces a learned response |
| anxiety state | a person is overwhelmed by anxiety cannot cope or maintan emotional control |
| anxiety trait | a learned personality response |
| mild anxiety | adaptive responses; still feel safe, automatic behaviours |
| moderate anxiety | competitive state, optimum learning state, adaptive but increased arousal. |
| severe anxiety | fight or flight |
| panic | sympathetic nervous system; hypotension, pale, fainting, disorganization, irrational |
| anxiety becomes a disorder when | it affects ones ability to function normally |
| asthma, hives and fever are signs of anxiety in | children |
| Freud ID, super ego, ego | ID= i want now ego= i want this but i cant afford it super ego= you must not get this its bad |
| physical coping | deal directly with the source of anxiety |
| intellectual coping | try to analyze and problem solve |
| emotional coping | defence mechanism to try to reduce stress, rationalizing, denial |
| panic attacks | shorts sudden bursts of intense fear, symptoms peak in 10mins |
| panic disorder | attack followed by one month worrying about having another attack. |
| obsession | thought image or impulsethat is distressing, persistent and inappropriate. |
| compulsion | a recurring behaviour aimed to reducing anxiety. can include behavioural addctions such as gambeling. |
| Acute stress disorder | reaction to traumatic experience onset 2-4 days lasts for month. |
| PTSD | post traumatic distress disorder. re experiencing trauma, flash backs nightmares, avoidence. |
| antidepressants are best treatment for | anxiety |
| SSRI's replace | seritonin |
| benzodiazepines | work as sedative for immediate anxiety treatment. (ativan) |
| flooding | tx such as fear factor for phobias |
| desnsitiztion | step by step, get used to item causing anxiety. |
| anxiety can be confused with | low blood sugar. |
| autonomy | respecting a persons freedom to make choice |
| beneficence | help those in need |
| nonmalfience | do no harm |
| confidentiality | the protection of privileged information |
| privacy | to determine how or when information about them is communicated |
| CTO | community treatment order |
| equity | being jsut, impartial or fair. |
| veracity | being truthful |
| dilemma | state of uncertainty or perplexity especially as requiring a choice between equally unfavorable options |
| Suicide risk assessment | SADPERSONS |
| SEX | Males more likely to complete suicide |
| Age | Teenagers and persons +65 at higher risk |
| Depression | 10-20% with major depression commit suicide |
| Previous attempt | Extremely high predictor of suicide |
| Ethanol abuse (Alcohol abuse) | significant suicide risk factor (alcoholism) |
| Rational thinking | Impairment of rational thinking or psychosis are predisposing factors for suicide. |
| Social Supports | social isolation, from community, friends and relatives contribute to suicidal motivation |
| Organized plan | Tangible, specific plan equals very high risk |
| No spouse | Older people who are divorced, widows, and widowers are at high risk of suicide |
| Sickness | Chronic and sever illness increase risk |
| how many canadians in a 12month period will suffer with a major depressive or manic episode? | 4.9% |
| mood disorders may occure in individuals with | major chronic health conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, thyroid conditions |
| Mood disorders effect | social, occupational, and physical functioning. |
| Mood disorder is defined as | recurrent alteration or disturbance in mood. This causes psychological distress and behavioural impairment |
| Emotion is defined as | A feeling or nonintentional response,Reactions to stimuli based on individual points of view |
| Patterns of response develop and become | MOODS |
| Mood is defined as | prolonged emotional state that influences whole personality and life functioning. |
| Mood disorders are cause by | genetics, biochemical imbalances, childhood and adult experience, Social circumstances |
| women are more than twice as likely to become _____ as men. | depressed. because of role stress, onset of prgnancy childbirth and menopause. |
| Psychodynamic | anger turned inward, conflict of wanting to be loved and fear of rejection. |
| behavioural | group of a learned responses |
| cognitive focuses on | restructuring faulty beleifs and assumptions |
| developmental- | loss of a parent, spouse, parenting, development milestones |
| social factors related to mood disorders include | family relationships/conflicts, lack of nurturing as a child, losses, role changes, poor social supports; therefore lonliness, povert/financial deprivation. |
| Children have depression related to | specific situations, loss of parent or divorce. |
| Adolescence have depression related to | self esteem (media, friends), lonliness (fitting in c school), family strengths, parent teen communication, depression at this age serious! sets back drop for future mental illness, HIGH SUICIDE RISK |
| Adults have depression related to | expected to have emotional control, many demands, work stresses, family interactions, physical illness, seen as "Character flaw", have difficulty asking for help. |
| Side effects of depression are similar to | Chemotherapy. |
| The most important signs of depression are | Ahedonia (lack of interest and pleasure) +physical signs. |
| Chronic stress hormones cause, which leads to | decreased immunity, organ damage, less sleep, appetite. |
| antidepressant treatment peaks 4-6 weeks with | mood responses |
| antidepressant treatment peaks 2-4 weeks with | physical responses |
| older adulthood and depression | HIGH SUICIDE RISK, increased in medically ill and those in long term care, 40% very serious, signs less obvious (avoid sharing feelings) |
| _____ is classified as a whole body illness | depression |
| the most common and most treatable of mental health illnesses is | depression |
| moderate depression persists for a long period of time (>2yrs)also known as | dysthymia |
| major depressive episodes are | severe and last a min of 2weeks c continuous symptoms, rapid onset (acute), ahedonia |
| if a major depressive episode repeats itself for more than 2yrs it is a | Major depressive disorder |
| successful suicide rate with depression | 15% |
| mild treatment for depression includes | talk, interpersonal (group therapy); most affective in acute stages |
| moderate to severe treatment includes | antidepressants SSRI's (paxil, prozac)Atypicals (effexor), MAOI, TCA, ECT, hospitalize |
| MAOI and TCA are not given much anymore because of | overdose rate, lead to hypertensive crisis, diet restrictions, binds with sodium. |
| a unipolar disorder is | depression |
| a bipolar disorder is | depression and mania |
| postpartum depression | lasts longer than 2 weeks |
| mania is | abnormally and persistantly elated, expansive or irritable mood for duration of at least one week. |
| people with mania seek | stimulation, continuous adrenaline |
| hypomania is | mania that is less severe lasts 4days. |
| hypomania to mania to _______ | delerium |
| delerium can be | life threatening |
| bipolar 1 is | most severe (delusions common) |
| bipolar 2 is | depression and hypomania less severe than 1 (mood swings) |
| rapid cycling is | 4 or more mood episodes in a 12month period |
| #1 treatment for bipolar is | Safety, protection |
| medicatiouns for bipolar include | mood stabilizers, anticonvulsants, antypsychotics |
| syptoms of lithium toxicity include | tremors and diarrhea |
| EPS is | extrapyrmedial symptoms, parkinson like symptoms |
| EPS is reversed by | cogentin |
| the second leading cause of death is | suicide |
| women 4x likely to attempt suicide men are | 3x more likely to suceed |
| assessing suicide risk | SAD PERSONS, HIGH RISK WHEN MEDS START TO WORK AND DEPRESSION STARTS TO LIFT. |
| suicide assessment | suicidal idaetion, history of attempts, organized plan, availability of means, substance use or abuse, level of despair, contol |
| Causes of personality disorders | biological, psychoanalytical (ego, id, superego), behavioural, socioculture |
| personality disorder is | enduring pattern of inner experience and behaviour that produces distress afection social and occupational function |
| Antisocial personality disorder | pattern of disregard for and violation of rights for others. dramatic behaviour is common, significant hx of abuse before age 3 |
| symptoms of antisocial personality disorder | will go to any length to gain money powe, dont experience guit or concience, super ego is under developed. break the law very difficult to treat high risk of harm to self or others |
| personality is | a unique pattern of thoughts, attitudes, values and behaviours one develops to adapt to their environment |
| adaptive personalities | balanced re: some need for intimancy and solitude |
| maladaptive personalities | dependent, lonely, withdrawn, difficulty forming meaningful relationships |
| at 6-10yrs of age we develop | moral values, empathy abstract thinking and need guidance and approval |
| borderline personality disorder is | pattern of instability in mood, thinking, self-image, behaviour and personal relationships. over attach & have abandonment issues |
| 8-10% of people with bipolar disorder | commit suicide, usually by accident. increasung their risky behaviour. |
| Narcissistic is | a pattern of grandiosity and need to be admired. take andvantage of other without guilt or remorse |
| best treatment for bpd | long-term consistent therapist with firm limits and NEUTRAL empathy. do not make special acceptions. |
| substance abuse is | excessive use of a substance beyond their cultural norms. |
| substance addiction | physical dependence, withdrawal |
| Psychosis is | the inability to recognize reality, relate to others or to cope with lifes demands. |
| The most common psychosis is | schizophrenia |
| catatonic schizophrenia | mute, extraslow, may not move or blink, rigid, unrelated thoughts, flight of ideas |
| disorganized schizophrenia | no themes, unrelated thoughts and behaviours |
| paranoid schizophrenia | highly organized with persecution themes |
| undifferentiated schizophrenia | features of different types and doesnt fit just one subtype |
| residual schizophrenia | negative symptoms, no social skills, disorganized thinking |
| positive symptoms are | delusions, hallucinations, add to a dx |
| negative symptoms | missing... lack of goals, orginization, social skills |
| schizophrenia is | present for at least 6mons mixture of positive and negative symptoms |
| prepsychosis (adolescents) | poor hygeine, strange speech, social withdrawal, superstition, ideas that they are controlled by others. |
| schizophrenia prognosis is usually better if | some milestones have been developed first. education, career, relationships |
| paraphrenia | late onset psychosis. (older adulthood onset, rare) |
| a first degree relative is ____X more likely to develop schizophrenia | 10X |
| schizophrenia caused by | stress, disease, trauma, hereditary, drug induced. |
| in schizophrenia the chemical in the brian that is to high is | dopamine |
| positive symptoms | grandiouse, nihilistic, persecutory, somatic, halucinations |
| negative symptoms | anhedonia, flat affect, avolition (withdrawal from goals), alogia (decreased speech) |
| cognitive | memory, attention, planning |
| intelectual | ideas of reference, echolalia, vocabulary |
| behavioural | impulse control |
| NMS- neuroleptic malignant syndrom | irreversable. FARM (fever, autonomic lability, rigity, mental sudden confusion) |
| treatment | stabilize, prevent further decline, assist to cope (short term, psychosocial and vocational rehab, CTO, link with family supports |
| antipsychotics are designed to | decrease dopamine in the brain |
| haldol | most effective antipsychotic (doesnt help negative symptoms) side effects are EPS, NMS, ANTIDOTE IS COGENTIN |
| newer antipsychotics help + and - symptoms but may cause | weight gain and metabolic disorders. |
| if dopamine is to low from antipsychotic overdase | EPS will develop (parkinson symptoms) |
| schizophrenia has a high risk for suicide during the | acute phase (most require hospitalization) |
| depression is most common in what phase | chronic (residual) |
| dx of nps when wbc and cpk are | increased |
| prodminal phase | withdrawal, lack of energy |
| prepsychotic phase | prefere to be alone, quiet, obedient |
| acute phase | unable to function, behavioural, thought, visual disturbances |
| residual phase | follows acute episode, lack of energy, goals and very negative |
| remission | some releif, relitively better functioning. |
Created by:
laken_paterson
Popular Nursing sets