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B & W Volcanoes
chapter 15
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A weak spot in the crust where magma has come to the surface. | VOLCANO |
| The molten mixture of rock-forming substances, gases, and water from the mantle. | MAGMA |
| Liquid magma that reaches the surface; also the rock formed when liquid lava hardens. | LAVA |
| A major belt of volcanoes that rims the Pacific Ocean. | RING OF FIRE |
| A string of islands formed by the volcanoes along a deep-ocean trench. | ISLAND ARC |
| An area where magma from deep within the mantle melts through the crust above it. | HOT SPOT |
| A substance that cannot be broken down into other substances. | ELEMENT |
| A substance in which two or more elements are chemically joined. | COMPOUND |
| Any characteristic of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the composition of the substance. | PHYSICAL PROPERTY |
| Any property of a substance that produces a change in the composition of matter. | CHEMICAL PROPERTY |
| The resistance of a liquid to flowing. | VISCOSITY |
| A material found in magma that is formed from the elements oxygen and silicon. | SILICA |
| A hot, fast-moving type of lava that hardens to form smooth, ropelike coils. | PAHOEHOE |
| A slow-moving type of lava that hardens to form rough chunks; cooler than pahoehoe. | AA |
| The pocket beneath a volcano where magma collects. | MAGMA CHAMBER |
| A long tube through which magma moves from the magma chamber to Earth's surface. | PIPE |
| The opening through which molten rock and gas leave a volcano. | VENT |
| The area covered by lava as it pours out of a volcano's vent. | LAVA FLOW |
| A bowl-shaped area that forms around a volcano's central opening. | CRATER |
| The expulsion of ash, cinders, bombs, and gases during an explosive volcanic eruption. | PYROCLASTIC FLOW |
| Describes a volcano that is not currently active, but that may become active in the future. | DORMANT |
| Describes a volcano that is no longer active and is unlikely to erupt again. | EXTINCT |
| A wide, gently sloping mountain made of layers of lava and formed by quiet eruptions. | SHIELD VOLCANO |
| A steep, cone-shaped hill or small mountain made of volcanic ash, cinders, and bombs piled up around a volcano's opening. | CINDER CONE |
| A tall, cone-shaped mountain in which layers of lava alternate with layers of ash and other volcanic materials. | COMPOSITE VOLCANO |
| The large hole at the top of a volcano formed when the roof of a volcano's magma chamber collapses. | CALDERA |
| A deposit of hardened magma in a volcano's pipe. | VOLCANIC NECK |
| A slab of volcanic rock formed when magma forces itself across rock layers. | DIKE |
| A slab of volcanic rock formed when magma squeezes between layers of rock. | SILL |
| A mass of rock formed when a large body of magma cools inside the crust. | BATHOLITH |
| The heating of underground water by magma. | GEOTHERMAL ACTIVITY |
| A fountain of water and steam that builds up pressure underground and erupts at regular intervals. | GEYSER |
Created by:
bwise
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