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CADD-2 Lesson 9
Architecture Careers Chapters 1, and 7 thru 9
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Beginning Drafter | Entry level position to gain experience and skill |
| Experienced Drafter | Expected to make construction decisions based on initial designs |
| Designer | May work under an architect and as a coordinator of many drafters |
| Architect | Designs residential and commercial buildings - Must be licensed to practice |
| Engineer | Work is more technical and requires high level of math and science |
| Illustrator | Combines artistic and architectural skills to produce drawings |
| Model Maker | Follows plans to build scale models |
| Specification Writer | Understands the construction process to write necessary details of the plans |
| Inspector | Checks plans to ensure codes and laws have been followed |
| Financial Considerations | Estimates for labor and material costs are calculated |
| Initial Contact | The designers and client meet to discuss design ideas, Wants & Needs, fees, schedules, and ensure personalities are compatible |
| Preliminary Design Studies | Rooms must be considered throughout this stage and may include room usage, furniture layout, and size requirements |
| Initial Working Drawings | A drafter begins to make working drawings that include the foundation, plot, roof, electrical, cabinet, and framing plans |
| Final Design Considerations | A conference with the client is needed to discuss the initial working drawings |
| Permit Procedures | Once all plans are complete appropriate permits must be secured before construction begins |
| Job Supervision | Although not usually done by the designer, sometimes he/she is required to go to the site and solve problems. |
| IRC | International Residential Code |
| HUD | Department of Housing and Urban Development |
| FHA | Federal Housing Authority |
| Zoning Ordinances | Are laws or regulations designed to provide safety and convenience for the public and to preserve or improve the environment. |
| 3 Common Zones | Residential, Commercial, and Industrial |
| R-3 residential zone | includes hotels, apartments, and private residents with more than 10 inhabitants must be accessible |
| Living Area | These rooms include: entry/foyer, living room, family room, dining room, den/study/office, and nook |
| Main Entry | is the focal point of the house and provides protection against the weather |
| Service entry | is used by the family between the house and garage, yard, or service areas |
| Foyer | Used to greet guests, hang coats, and provide access to the rest of the home. Should create a warm, inviting feeling and enhance traffic flow. Keep proportional in size to the rest of the house. |
| Living Room | Usually placed near the entry and used for formal entertaining. |
| Family Room | Most used room in the house for a variety of activities. |
| Dining Room | Located near the kitchen for easy serving and the living room for easy passage, main purpose is for sharing a family meal. |
| Home theaters | are used to show high-quality movies for about 8 to 12 people |
| Nook | Should be near the dining and kitchen areas for family meals |
| Sleeping Area | Number of bedrooms will depend on the wants & needs of the family as well as the budget. |
| Service Area | These rooms include bath, kitchen, and utility rooms and garage |
| Half-bath | lavatory and toilet |
| Three-quarter | half-bath plus a shower |
| Full bath | half-bath plus a tub/shower |
| Bathroom suite | full bath plus enlarged tub, usually part of a Master Suite |
| Kitchen | Food Preparation area. Locate near dining area. Keep near garage or carport for easy grocery unloading. |
| Cleaning Center | Includes sink, garbage disposal, and dishwasher |
| Work Triangle | Formed by drawing a line between the preparation, storage, and cleaning areas |
| Storage Area | Refrigerator, Cabinets, and Pantry |
| Preparation Area | Includes range, stove, grills, and adjoining counter tops. |
| Straight Kitchen | Used in small units |
| Corridor or Galley Kitchen | Cabinets are on two parallel walls that are at least 48” apart |
| L-Shaped kitchen | Cabinets are on adjacent walls and helps eliminate traffic |
| U-Shaped Kitchen | Ideal for large kitchens with at least 60” between facing cabinets |
| Peninsula kitchen | An additional leg is added to an L- or U-shaped kitchen design |
| Island Kitchen | Added to any kitchen design and provides additional counter space |
| Utility Room | Space needed for cleaning and caring for clothes and long term storage. Place near the kitchen and Service Entry. |
| Garage or Carport | Minimum space for two cars is 21’ x 21'. Ideal space is 24’ x 24’ |
| Traffic Flow | The route people follow as they move from one area to another |
| Sunroom or Solarium | is used to bring the outside into the interior living areas |
| Porch | Enclosed Patio or Deck |
| Balcony | is above ground that projects from a wall or building with no additional supports |
| Patio | is a ground-level outdoor living space made of concrete, stone, brick, or a combination of materials. |
| Elements of Design | Line, Form, Color, Texture, Rhythm, Balance, Proportion, and Unity |
| Line | Provides a sense of direction or movement of the structure |
| Form | Created by lines and used to accentuate specific features |
| Color | Distinguishes exterior materials and accent shape |
| Texture | Refers to the roughness or smoothness of an object |
| Rhythm | Leads the eye from one place to another in an orderly fashion |
| Informal Balance | Objects are non-symmetrical, however provide for relationships between features. |
| Formal Balance | Relationship between various areas of the structure are symmetrical. |
| Proportion | Relates to the size and balance |
| Unity | Relates to rhythm, balance, and proportion |
| Egress | An unobstructed way to get from any occupied portion of a building or other structure to an area of safety. Local Code requires windows to be a min. 36x62 |
Created by:
tmurphy
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