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Astronomy II
Astronomy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| solar activity and the earth | an 11-year cycle |
| sunspots | the most obious sign of solar activity |
| umbra | a very dark central region ( from the Latin word for "shadow") |
| penumbra | surrounds umbra, which is not dark. |
| magnetic lines of force (magnetic field lines) | directions mapping out the direction of the force between magnetic poles; the packing of the lines shows the strength of the force. |
| Zeeman effect | the scientific process by which the splitting is made |
| differential rotation | different latitudes on the Sun rotate at different angular speeds |
| the strongest magnetic fields in the sun occur where? | sunspots |
| the parts of the corona above sunspots are | hotter and denser than the normal corona. |
| Sunspots were discovered by whom ? | Galileo, Fabricus and Christopher Scheiner, adn Thomas Harriot. |
| sunspot cycle | the variation (individual cycles can be as short as 8 years or as long as 12 years. |
| butterfly diagram | as a solar cycle advances year by year, sunspots appear closer to the equator. |
| solar flares | tremendous eruptions that eject particles and emit radiation from all parts of the spectrum into space. |
| aurora borealis | "the northern lights" |
| aurora australis | "the southern lights" |
| plages | bright areas surround the entire sunspot region. |
| prominences | filaments on the limb of the sun, often in beautiful shapes. |
| active regions | the regions around sunspots that show many kinds of solar activity. |
| Maunder minimum | the sunspot cycle that may not have been operating for that 70 yr period |
| solar wind phenomenon | the expansion that causes the comet tails always to poing away from the Sun |
| the solar constant | amount of energy per second hitting each square meter of the Earth as its average distance from the Sun if the Earth had no atmosphere. 99% of solar energy ranges from 2760 A to 49,000 A (nearly 5 microns) and 99.9% is between 217 A and 10.94 microns. |
| Are there always sunspots on the Sun? | No, at solar minimum there may be weeks without sunspots. |
| Are ther red spots on the edge of the Sun flares? | No, often they are prominences, which are cooler than flares. |
| solar wind flows how? | from coronal holes. |
Created by:
Msmlb_93
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