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Street Law Chapt1
Vocabulary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the study of law and legal philosophy | jurisprudence |
| the branch of law dealing with crimes and their punishment; it regulates public conduct and set out duties owed to society | criminal laws |
| a serious criminal offense punishable by a prison sentence of more than one year | felony |
| a criminal offense, less serious than a felony, punishable by a prison sentence of one year or less | misdemeanor |
| all law that does not involve criminal matters, such as tort and contract law; usually deals with private rights of individuals, groups, or businesses | civil laws |
| a noncriminal lawsuit, brought to enforce a right or redress a wrong | civil action |
| the person against whom a claim is made; in a civil suit, this person is the person being sued; in a criminal case, this person is the person charged with committing a crime | defendant |
| in a civil case, the injured party who brings legal action against the alleged wrongdoer | plaintiff |
| the state or federal government's attorney in a criminal case | prosecutor |
| the level of proof required to convict a person of a crime; it does not mean "convinced 100 percent," but does mean there are no reasonable doubts as to guilt | beyond a reasonable doubt |
| usually the standard of proof used in a civil suit; the burden of proof that a party must meet in order to win the lawsuit; to win, a party must provide evidence that is more convincing than the other side's evidence | preponderance of evidence |
| a basic principle of our constitutional system; powers are held to those provided by the people | limited government |
| the division of power among the branches of government (executive, legislative, and judicial) | separation of powers |
| written laws enacted by legislatures | statutes |
| the power of each of the three branches of government to limit the other branches' power, so as to prevent an abuse | checks and balances |
| prohibit; in government, this is the power of the chief executive to prevent enactment of a bill (i.e., to prevent the bill from becoming a law) | veto |
| the process by which courts decide whether the laws passed by Congress or state legislatures are constitutional | judicial review |
| conflicting with some provision of the Constitution | unconstitutional |
| the division of powers between the states and the federal government | federalism |
| the first ten amendments to the Constitution, which guarantee basic individual rights to all persons in the United States | Bill of Rights |
Created by:
rierei1971
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