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Street Law Chapt1

Vocabulary

QuestionAnswer
the study of law and legal philosophy jurisprudence
the branch of law dealing with crimes and their punishment; it regulates public conduct and set out duties owed to society criminal laws
a serious criminal offense punishable by a prison sentence of more than one year felony
a criminal offense, less serious than a felony, punishable by a prison sentence of one year or less misdemeanor
all law that does not involve criminal matters, such as tort and contract law; usually deals with private rights of individuals, groups, or businesses civil laws
a noncriminal lawsuit, brought to enforce a right or redress a wrong civil action
the person against whom a claim is made; in a civil suit, this person is the person being sued; in a criminal case, this person is the person charged with committing a crime defendant
in a civil case, the injured party who brings legal action against the alleged wrongdoer plaintiff
the state or federal government's attorney in a criminal case prosecutor
the level of proof required to convict a person of a crime; it does not mean "convinced 100 percent," but does mean there are no reasonable doubts as to guilt beyond a reasonable doubt
usually the standard of proof used in a civil suit; the burden of proof that a party must meet in order to win the lawsuit; to win, a party must provide evidence that is more convincing than the other side's evidence preponderance of evidence
a basic principle of our constitutional system; powers are held to those provided by the people limited government
the division of power among the branches of government (executive, legislative, and judicial) separation of powers
written laws enacted by legislatures statutes
the power of each of the three branches of government to limit the other branches' power, so as to prevent an abuse checks and balances
prohibit; in government, this is the power of the chief executive to prevent enactment of a bill (i.e., to prevent the bill from becoming a law) veto
the process by which courts decide whether the laws passed by Congress or state legislatures are constitutional judicial review
conflicting with some provision of the Constitution unconstitutional
the division of powers between the states and the federal government federalism
the first ten amendments to the Constitution, which guarantee basic individual rights to all persons in the United States Bill of Rights
Created by: rierei1971
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