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8.1-8.3
Question | Answer |
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autotroph | organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds; also called a producer |
heterotroph | organism that obtains energy from the foods it consumes; also called a consumer |
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) | one of the principal chemical compounds that living things use to store and release energy |
photosynthesis | process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy carbohydrates such as sugars and starches |
pigment | light-absorbing molecule |
chlorophyll | principal pigment of plants and other photosynthetic organisms; captures light energy |
thylakoid | saclike photosynthetic membrane found in chloroplasts |
photosystem | light-collecting units of the chloroplast |
stroma | region outside the thylakoid membranes in chloroplasts |
NADP+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) | one of the carrier molecules that transfers high-energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules |
light-dependent reactions | reactions of photosynthesis that use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH |
ATP synthase | large protein that uses energy from H+ ions to bind ADP and a phosphate group together to produce ATP |
Calvin cycle | reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugars |