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Blood Ch 14
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Blood | 12 pints/carries oxygen+CO2+nutrients/connectice tissue whos cells are suspended in a liquid extracellular matrix/45% red cells/55%plasma/1% platelets & white cells |
| Plasma | 90-91% water/no antibodies/mixture of water, amino acids, proteins, carbs, lipids, vitamins, hormones & wastes |
| Hematocrit (HTC) or Packed Cell Volume (PCV) | percentage by volumeof red cells in a sample |
| Red Blood Cells(erythrocytes) | lacks nucleus/packed w/oxygen carrying molecule hymoglobin/4-6 mil per micro liter |
| Hematopoietic Stem Cells | Stem cells that give rise to blood cells in red bone marrow |
| erythroblasts | red blood cell @ immature stage/can synthesize 2-3mil hemoglobin melocules per sec/give rise to many new cells |
| erythropoietin | hormone that stimulates red blood cell formation |
| B12 & Folic Acid | significantly influences red blood cell production/DNA synthesis/growth & division of all cells |
| Intrinsic Factor | substance required to absorb B12 |
| Iron | Hemoglobin synthesis/absorbed in small intestine |
| Life Cycle of Red Blood Cell | small intestine/red bone marrow/mature cells are released into bloodstream(120 days)/macrophages destroy old cells in liver & spleen/Hemoglobin broken to Hemo+Globin/Iron from Heme to red bone marrow/Biliverdin&bilirubin are excreted in bile |
| Vitamin C | increases absorption of iron |
| White Blood Cells (leukocytes) | protect against disease/develop in response to hormones=2 grps=interleukins & colony stimulation factors/thousands per micro liter/granulocytes & agranulocytes |
| Granulocytes(3 phils) | Neutrophil-most numerous/Basophil-blue/Eosinophil-red dots |
| Agranulocytes | Monocyte-monster cell/lymphocytes-big nucleus |
| Neutrophil | 54-62%/Granulocyte/phagotize bacteria, fungi, & viruses |
| Eosinophil | 1-3%/granulocyte/defend against parasitic worm infestation |
| Basophils | less than 1%/granulocyte/release histamine=inflamation & heparin=inhibits clotting |
| lymphocyte | 25-33%/big nucleus/immunity/T cells attack microorganisms,tumor cells & transplanted cells/B cells produce antibodies |
| Monocytes | 3-9%/agranulocyte/become macrophages phagocytize bacteria, dead cells & other debris |
| Diapedesis | sqeezing of leukocytes between the cells of blood vessel walls |
| chemotaxis | attraction of leukocytes to chemicals released from damaged cells |
| leukopenia | non cancerous/white blood count below 4,500 per microliter/typhoid fever, flu, measles, mumps, AIDS, chicken pox/anemia from lead,arsenic or mercury poisoning |
| leukocytosis | non cancerous/white blood cell count exceeding 10kper microliter/acute infection, appendicitis/can follow vigurous exercise,emotional stress, loss of body fluids |
| platelets (thrombocytes) | 130,000-360,000 per microliter/helps control blood loss from broken vessels/release serotonin=reducing blood flow |
| Albumins | Plasma protein/60% most abundant/liver/osmotic pressure from cells to blood |
| Globulins | plasma protein/36%/liver=alpha&beta transport lipids & fat soluble vitamins/Lymphatic tissues=gamma=antibody |
| Fibrinogen | plasma protein/liver/blood coagulation |
| Arteries | carry blood AWAY from heart |
| Veins | carry blood TO heart |
Created by:
nadiapr
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