Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
TTUISD Sci.8A vocab
TTUISD science 8A vocabulary flash cards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| atomic number | number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of a given element |
| electron | negatively charged particle that exists in an electron cloud formation around an atom's nucleus |
| electron cloud | region surrounding the nucleus of an atom, where electrons are most likely to be found |
| element | substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances |
| half life | time it takes for half the atoms of a radioactive isotope to decay |
| isotope | atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons. |
| mass number | the sum of neutrons and protons in the nucleus of an atom |
| neutron | electrically neutral particle that has the same mass as a proton and is found in an atom's nucleus. |
| proton | positively charged particle in the nucleus of an atom |
| radioactive decay | process in which some isotopes break down into other isotopes, releasing energy and particles from the nucleus |
| transmutation | the changing of one element into another through radioactive decay |
| catalyst | substance that speeds up a chemical reaction but is not used up itself of permanetly changed |
| group | family of elements in the periodic table that have similar physical or chemical properties |
| metal | element that has luster, is melleable and ductile, and is a good conductor of heat and electricity |
| metalloid | element element that shares some properties with metals and nonmetals |
| nonmetal | element that is usually a gas or a brittle solid at room temperature and is a poor conductor of heat and electricity |
| period | horizontal row of elements in the periodic table whose properties change gradually and predictably |
| representative element | elements in groups 1&2 and 13-18 in the periodic table that include metals, metalloids, and non metals |
| semiconductor | element that does not conduct electricity |
| synthetic elements | elements tat do not occur naturally and are mad in laboratories |
| transition element | elements in group 3-12 in the periodic table, all of which are metals |
| activation energy | minimum amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction |
| chemical equation | shorthand form for writing what reactants are used and what products are formed in a chemical reactions; sometimes shows whether energy is produced or absorbed |
| chemical reaction | process that produces chemical change, resulting in new substances that have properties different from those of the original substances |
| concentration | the amount of substance present in a certain volume |
| endothermic reaction | chemical reaction in which heat energy is absorbed |
| enzyme | a protein that helps chemical reactions in organisms occur more quickly |
| exothermic reaction | chemical reaction in which heat energy is released |
| inhibitor | substance that slows down a chemical reaction, making the formation of a certain amount of product take longer |
| product | substance that forms as a result of a chemical reaction |
| rate of reaction | measure of how fast a chemical reaction occurs |
| reactant | substance that exists before a chemical reaction begins |
| Archimedes' principle | states that buoyant force on an object is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced bu the object |
| buoyant force | upward force exerted on an object immersed in a fluid |
| condensation | change of matter from a gas to a liquid state, such as water vapor changing into a liquid |
| density | mass of an object divided by its volume |
| freezing | change of matter from a liquid state to a solid state |
| gas | matter that does not have a definite shape or volume; has particles that move at high speeds in all directions |
| heat | movement of thermal energy from a substance at a higher temperature to a substance at a lower temperature to a substance at a lower temperature |
| liquid | matter with a definite volume but no definite shape; can flow from one place to another |
| matter | anything that takes up space and has matter |
| melting | change of matter from a solid state to a liquid state |
| Pascal's principle | states that when a force is applied to a confined fluid, an increase in pressure is transmitted equally to all parts of the fluid |
| pressure | force exerted on a surface divided by the total area over which the force is exerted |
| solid | matter with a definite shape and volume; has tightly packed particles that move mainly by vibrating |
| temperature | measure of the average kinetic energy of the individual particles of a substance |
| vaporization | change of matter from a liquid state to a gas |
| amplitude | distance a wave rises above or falls below its normal level, which is related to the energy that the wave carries; in a transverse wave, this amount is one- half the distance between a crest and a troug |
| compressional wave | a type of mechanical wave in which matter in the medium moves forward and backward in the same direction |
| diffraction | bending of waves around a barrier |
| electromagnetic wave | transverse waves that can travel through matter or space and are produced by the motion of electrically charged particles; include X- rays, ultraviolet waves, and visible light |
| frequency | number of wavelengths that pass a given point in 1 second, measured in hertz |
| interference | ability of two or more waves to combine and form a new wave when they overlap |
| mechanical wave | a type of wave that can travel only through matter |
Created by:
tigegirlmgl
Popular Science sets