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study biology

QuestionAnswer
As a characteristic of all living things, homeostasis relates most directly to which of the following biological themes? stability
Homeostasis means keeping things the same
scientist noticed that the number of salamanders in ponds in the Rocky Mountains were declining. This was a(n) observation.
Acid rain has a low pH, may fall in the form of snow, may contain sulfuric acid
Most typically, the order in which the steps of scientific investigations are applied is observations, questions, hypothesis, predictions, controlled testing, conclusions.
Scientists usually design experiments with a good idea of the expected experimental results
frogs : acid rain rain forests : fire
A unifying explanation for a broad range of observations is called a theory
A scientific theory may be revised as new evidence is presented
A substance that is composed of only one type of atom is called a(n) element
Ionic bonds form between molecules that have opposite charges
example of a carbohydrate is sucrose
Animals store glucose in the form of glycogen
Which organic molecules below are most closely related to proteins? amino acids
All of the following are examples of lipids except starch
The two types of nucleic acids are DNA and RNA
DNA stores heredity information.
Acidic solutions have a pH that is less than 7
Lipids are soluble in oil
The bond formed when two atoms share a pair of electrons is called a(n) covalent bond
Liquid fats called oils contain mostly unsaturated fatty acids
The two strands of a DNA molecule are held together by hydrogen bonds
Enzymes are biological catalysts
Which of the following conditions affects the function of enzymes? ph, heat, enzyme concentration
The image produced by a microscope is called a micrograph
The most powerful light microscope can magnify an object about 2,000X
The size to which a cell can grow is limited by its surface area
The cell membrane encloses the contents of a cell, allows materials to enter and leave the cell, is selectively permeable
Phospholipids are molecules that contain phosphate, have nonpolar “tails” and polar “heads.” , form the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane
cell : cell membrane nucleus : nuclear envelope
One important organelle that helps maintain homeostasis by moving substances from one part of the cell to another is the endoplasmic reticulum
In a cell, proteins are made on the ribosomes
A cell that requires a lot of energy might contain large numbers of mitochondria
How are chloroplasts similar to mitochondria? They both contain their own DNA
Ozone is composed of three oxygen atoms, blocks ultraviolet radiation in the upper atmosphere, made the Earth’s surface a safe place to live
All essential amino acids must be obtained from the foods we eat
proteins organic compounds composed mainly of carbo, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen
An atom that gains or loses one or more electrons is called an ion
an attraction between two different substances Adhesion
Stating in advance the result that may be obtained from testing a hypothesis is called predicting
____ is the study of how organisms interact with each other and with their environment. ecology
the basic building blocks of matter elements
if an atom loses an electron it is a different element
when new compounds are made, this type of change occurs chemical
the strength of an acid or base is measured on the _______ scale ph
covalent bonding is _______ than ionic bonding stronger
the proton has a _______ charge postive
when two or more atoms are put together you get a molecule
what is the most common solvent in cells water
A solution with a ph of 11 is alkaline/base
a substance that dissolves in another is the solute
a substance that is composed of one type of atom is an element
polar mocules such as water have _____ an uneven distubution charge
sharing of electrons between atoms of two or more elements is a compound
one of the carbohydrates made up of long chains of simple sugars polysaccharide
hydrogen bonding occurs when a hydrogen atom is bonded to a small highly elecronegative atom
organic compounds made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen and provides nutrients to the cells of living things. The ratio is 2:1 hydrogen to oxygen carbohydrates
hypotheses a proposed explanation for the way a particular aspect of the natural world functions. An idea based on observations and that can be tested.
CFC's are bad because they destroy the ozone. They act as catylists for reactions that break down the ozone
Living Things share 7 characteristics. -organization and the presnce of 1 or more cells -response to stimuli -homeostasis -metabolism -growth and development -reproduction -they change thru time (evolution)
scientific theory when a set of related hypotheses is cinfirmed to be true many times, and it can explain a great amount of data.
ecosystem all of the organisms and the nonliving environment found in a particular place
steps of scientific method 1. observation 2. ask questions 3. form hypotheses 4. designing experiments 5. analyze data 6. draw conclusion
matter anything that occupies space and has a mass
mass the quantuty of matter an object has
energy the ability to do work
ph scale ranges from 0-14. 0 is very acidic, 7 is neutral and 14 is very basic
the control of ph in organisms is accomplished with buffers
there are ____ different amino acids 20
enzymes protein molecules that speeds up metabolic reactions without being permanatly changed or destoyed
biosphere the part of earth where life exists
biotic factors the living components of the environment.
abiotic factors the nonliving physical and chemical characteristics of the environment..incudes temperature,humidity, ph, oxygen, amount of sunlight, precipitation
habitat the place where an organism lives
the specific role or way of life of a species within its environment is its ____ niche
the eight major biomes are tundra, tropical forest, temperate forest, taiga, temperate grassland, savanna, chaparral, and desert
earths 3 major layers are ___ ____ ____ and together these make up the biosphere geosphere-earths rock enterior hydrosphere-the part of earth that is water atmosphere-the mixture of gases that surrounds earth
extinction the death of every member in a species
explain Earth's greenhous effect the warming of the surface and lower atmosphere of the earth when gases in the air radiate heat back towards earths surface
the major ocean zones are aphotic zone, photic zone, intertidal zone, neritic zone, oceanic zone, pelagic zone and the benthic zone
You get the most energy from lipids
examples of lipids cholesterol, earwax, Oils
4 major parts of the copmound light microscope ocular lens, objective lens, stage, light source
scientists use ________ to take scientific measurements the metric system
four main classes of organic compounds are carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids
the four major biogeocemical cycles water cycle, carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle, phosphorus cycle
environmental science how humans interact with their own environment
ecotourism tourism that supports the conservation of ecologically unique areas while bringing economic benefit to local people. like tourists pay for nature guides, food and lodging in exchange for a chance to experience the ecosystem and its unique organisms
polysaccharide a complex molecule composed of three or more monosaccharides
Created by: deea
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