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bio eoc
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| carbohydrate | any organic compound that is made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and that provides nutrients to the cells of living things |
| lipid | large organic compounds made moastly of carbon and hydrogen with a small amount of oxygen. |
| nucleic acid | complex biomolecules, such as RNA and DNA, that store cellular information in cells in the form of a code |
| protien | large, complex, polymer essential to all life composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur; provides structure for tissues and organs and helps carry out cell metabolism. |
| plasma membrane | Flexible boundry between the cell and its environment allows materials such as water and nutrients to enter and waste products to leave. |
| mitochondria | Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production. |
| cell wall | fairly rigid structure located outside plasma membrane of plants. |
| Vacule | membrane-bound space in the cytoplasm of cells used for the temporary storage of materials. |
| chloroplasts | Chlorophyl containing organelles found in the cells of green plants and some protists, captures light energy and converts it to chemical energy. |
| Ribosomes | nonmembrane-bound organelles in the nucleus where protiens are assembeld. |
| Embryo | earliest stage of growth and development of both plants and animals. |
| zygote | Diploid cell formed when a sperm cell fertilizes an egg. |
| osmosis | diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane. |
| Diffusion | Random movement of particles from a area of high concentration gradient. |
| active transport | energy-expending process by which cells transport materials across the cell membrane. |
| passive transport | movement of materials across a membrane without using energy. |
| enzyme | type of protein found in all living things that changes the rate of chemical reactions |
| homeostasis | a cells ability to maintain a balance of all its internal processes. |
| ATP | energy-storing molecule in cells composed of an adenosine molecule, a ribose sugar and three phosphate groups. |
| ADP | energy-storing molecule in cells composed of an adenosine molecule, a ribose sugar and three phosphate groups. |
| sex-linked traits | Traits transfured down from parents to offspring. |
| Karyotype | chart of metaphase chromosome pairs arranged according to length and location. |
| clasification, | (D-K-P-C-O-F-G-S.) |
| recombination of Alleles | Alleles recombining after splitting and duplicating |
| Karyotype | chart of metaphase chromosome pairs arranged according to length and location. |
| transcription | process in which part of the nucleotide sequence of DNA is copied into complementary sequence in RNA |
| Eukaryote | A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles |
| prokaryote | A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles |
| Angeosperm | flowering plant; bears its seeds within a layer of tissue that protects the seed |
| gymnosperms | seed plant that bears its seeds directly on the surface of cones. |
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid, the material that contains the information that determines inherited characteristics |
| TRNA | brings the correct amino acid to the ribosome. |
| MRNA | transcribes the instructions FOR a protein that is encoded in DNA |
| Translation | genetics) the process whereby genetic information coded in messenger RNA directs the formation of a specific protein at a ribosome in the cytoplasm |
| Heterozygous | having two different alleles for a trait |
| Homozygous | having two identical alleles for a trait |
| Meiosis | a process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of sex cells |
| Phenotype | The physical traits that appear in an individual as a result of its gentic make up. |
| Mitosis | cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes |
| Concentration Gradient | the difference in the concentration of molecules across a distance |
| Camouflage | structural adaptation that enables species to blend with their surroundings; allows a species to avoid detection by predators |
| Mimicry | a defense in which one organism resembles another that is dangerous or poisonous |
| Organic Compound | compounds contain hydrogen and carbon;carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids are organic compounds found in living things |
| Hydrogen Bond | weak chemical bond formed by the attraction of positively charged hydrogen atoms to other negatively charged atoms. |
| Catalysts | substance that speeds up a chemical reaction but is not used up itself or permanently changed |
| parasitism | a symbiotoc relationship in which one organism benefits but the other is harmed |
| Commensalism | symbiotic relationship in which one member of the association benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed |
| Mutualism | symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit from the relationship |
| Parasitism | symbiotic relationship in which one organism lives in or on another organism (the host) and consequently harms it |
| Carrying Capacity | maximum number of organisms that a given enviorment can support |
| Death Rate | the number of deaths per 1000 population in a given year |
Created by:
Robin Lamb
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