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LifescienceC3

Cycle 3 life science vocab

QuestionAnswer
Trait A characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring through its genes.
Heredity The passing of traits from parents to offspring
Genetics THe scientific study of heredity
Fertilization The process in which an egg cell and a sperm cell join to form a new organism
Purebread The offspring of many generations that have the same traits.
Gene The set of information that controls a trait; a segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait
Allele The different forms of a gene
Dominant Allele An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present
Phenotype An organism's physical appearance or visible traits.
Genotype An organism's genetic makeup or allele combination.
Homozygous Having two identical alleles for a trait
Heterozygous Having two different alleles for a trait
Co-dominance A condition in which neither of two alleles of a gene is dominant
Punnet Square A chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross.
Meiosis The process that occurs in the formation of sex cells (sperm and egg) by which the number of chromosomes is reduced in half
Messenger RNA RNA that copies the coded message from DNA in the nucleus and carries the message into the cytoplasm.
Transfer RNA RNA in the cytoplasm that carries an omino acid to the ribosome and adds it to the growing protein chain.
haploid Having a single set of chromosomes
Diploid Having two sets of chromosomes
Hybrid An organism that has two different alleles for a trait: an organism that is heterozygous for a particular trait.
Created by: griffstudy
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