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Marine Science Rev.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| aquarium | glass or acrylic |
| biological filtration | synthetic bacteria occurs |
| chemical filtration | dissolved chemicals are removed from the water |
| gravel | acts as a ph buffer |
| mechanical filtration | particular matters are removed from the water |
| what instrument is used to measure salinity and specific gravity in a saltwater tank? | hydrometer |
| identify toxic substances that accumulate in a saltwater tank. | ammonia |
| Ntrosomonas | amonia to nitrite |
| How do you fix the following water quality problems: evaporation | add fresh water |
| cloudy water | water change |
| algae growth | scrape tank |
| what is the correct specific gravity range for a salt water aquarium? | 1.020-1.024 g/ml |
| describe what marine science and oceanography are. | marine science- study of the nature of the ocean oceanography- study of the oceans content and processes |
| what are four main branches of oceanography? | biological, chemical, physical, geological |
| identify 3 primary reasons for early civilization to interact with the ocean. | trade, foo, exploration |
| Phoenicians | 1st established trade routes |
| Chinese | invented compass |
| Vikings | stone maps |
| Charles Darwin | theory of coral growth |
| Polynesians | built canoes |
| Eratosthenes | circumference of the earth |
| Columbus | first to explore America |
| HMS Challenger | first solely based marine science expedition |
| Trieste | went to challenger deep |
| GPS | global positioning system |
| Alvin | made over 150 dives. (discovered Titanic) |
| ROV | remotely operated vehicle |
| Loran C | long range navigation |
| Satellites | gather patterns |
| Sonar | maps the seafloor |
| crust | outermost layer |
| outer core | outermost layer |
| lithosphere | uppermost region of the mantle |
| mantle | think and fluid like |
| inner core | innermost layer |
| asthenosphere | top part of upper mantle |
| name the four major layers of the earth in order. | crust, mantle, outer core, inner core |
| explain why oceanic crust is denser than continental crust. | oceanic crust is older |
| explain the general interaction of oceanic crust and continental crust | oceanic crust sub ducts below continental crust |
| who proposed the past existence of Pangea and the theory of continental drift? | alfred wegner |
| describe the evidence of the theory of continental drift. | fossils, coal deposits, puzzle model |
| explain why continental drift was not accepted at first. | could not explain how continents drifted, meteorologist not geologist |
| explain the theory of seafloor spreading. | as plates move it is believed the sea floor will expand (new rock formed) |
| how did sonar contribute to the information about the ocean bottom? | maps the ocean floor |
| how did glomar challenger contribute to the theory of sea floor spreading? | took core samples, collected rock info |
| explain the theory of plate tectonics. | pacific will shrink, atlantic will expand |
| identify the four types of sediments based on origin | hydrogenous, cosmogenous, lithogenous, biogenous |
| identify factors that determine the density of ocean waters. | salinity and temperature |
| explain why oceans are less prone to freezing then lakes? | as salinity increases water resists freezing |
| identify the effect of temperature on the solubility of gases in seawater. | thermocline- when temperature changes rapidly with depth |
| describe water's properties due to it's polar nature: hydrogen bonding | water is a liquid |
| cohesion | molecules stick together |
| adhesion | water sticks to other molecules |
| viscosity | fluid resists flow |
| ice floats | hydrogen bonds spread to a crystal structure |
| gulf stream | carries warm water |
| california current | carries cool water |
| what are the factors that affect direction and patterns of a major ocean current? | wind and landmasses |
| spring tide | occur during full and new moon |
| neap tide | occur during quarter moon |
| define emergent plants and give examples | plants that live on land. ex. palm tree |
| define submergent plants and give examples | plants that live underwater. ex. seaweed |
| porifera | sponge |
| nemertea | ribbon worm |
| nematoda | round worm |
| ctenophora | box jelly |
| mollusca | snail |
| platyhelminthes | pollyachate worms |
| cyanobacteria | blue-green algae |
| dinophyta | red tide |
| phaeophyta | brown algae |
| rhodophyta | red algae |
| chlorophyta | green chlorophyll |
| why are red algae so important to coral reefs? | secretion of calcium carbonate |
| red tide is primarily caused by which phylum? | dinophyta |
| what is a bloom and what causes it? | rapid increase of algae creates harmful phytoplankton |
| describe biotic and abiotic aspects of the sargasso sea. | biotic- seaweed abiotic- sand and water |
| collar cells | line interior of sponge |
| oscula | water goes in |
| radial symmetry | round |
| mantle | organ that secretes shell |
| tube feet | locomotion |
| amoebocytes | distribute nutrients throughout the sponge |
| cnidocytes | stinging prey |
| mesoglea | jelly substance |
| muscular foot | movement |
| water vascular system | hydratic system |
| spicules | needle-like structures made of glass |
| polyps | tentacles up |
| radula | tongue-like structure with scraping teeth for feeding |
| spongin | keeps sponge up straight |
| medusa | tentacles down |
| abductor muscles | close and open shell |
| mandibles | mouth parts, eating |
| chelipeds | claws, catch prey |
| swimmerets | legs, assist with swimming |
| uropods | tail fan |
| gastropoda | snail, one shell, muscular foot |
| cephalopoda | octopus, squid, tentacles |
| bivalves | claws, abductors |
| Nitrobacter | nitrite to nitrate |
Created by:
ocue10
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