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drug info and SE
drug info and side effects
| drug name | drug information | drug side effects |
|---|---|---|
| carbamazepine | anti epileptic Increases Na channel INactivation TX partial simple and comlex seizures, and tonic clonic SE: diplopia | |
| benzodiazepine | anti epileptic Increases GABA action Status epilepticus | (blank) |
| anti epileptics | carbamazepine, benzodiazepine, ethosuximede, phenobarbital, phenytoin, valporic acid, lamotrigine, gabapentine, topiramate | (blank) |
| ethiosuximide | anti epileptic blocks thalamic T type CA channels Tx Abscence Seizures SE: Stevens-Johnson synd. | |
| Phenobarbital | anti epileptic Increases GABA action Tx partial simple and complex, and tonic clonic | (blank) |
| Phenytoin | anti epileptic increases Na channel INACTIVATION Tx partial simple and complex, tonic clonic, status epilepticus SE:osteoparosis hirutisim gingival hyperplasia | |
| valproic acid | anti epileptic increases Na channel inactivation increases GABA concentration Tx tonic colic and abscence SE: Neural tube defects | |
| lamotrigine | anti epileptic blocks voltage gated Na channels Tx partial simple and comples, and tonic clonic SE:Steven-Johnson syn | |
| Gabapentine | anti epileptic incrases GABA release Tx partial simple and complex, and tonic clonic | (blank) |
| Topiramate | anti epileptic blocks NA channels Increases GABA action TX partial simple and complex SE: Kidney stones | |
| NSAIDs | aspirin ibuprofen naproxen indomethicin acetominaphen celecoxib valecoxib | (blank) |
| aspirin | NSAIDs irreversibly binds | (blank) |
| ibuprofen | NSAIDs | (blank) |
| naproxen | NSAIDs | (blank) |
| indomethicin | NSAIDs used to close PDA | (blank) |
| acetominaphen | NSAIDs not anti-inflammatory, CNS action preference Antidote: N-actelcystine | (blank) |
| celecoxib | NSAIDs Cox 2 selective | (blank) |
| valecoxib | NSAIDs Cox 2 selective | (blank) |
| Opiod analgesics | Morhpine Fentanyl codeine Heroin Methadone Meperidine Dextromethorphan Antidote: Naloxone SE: respiratory depression, contipation, miosis, addictive, CNS depresion | |
| Morhpine | Antidote: Naloxone SE: respiratory depression, contipation, miosis, addictive, CNS depresion | |
| Fentanyl | Opiod analgisic Antidote: Naloxone SE: respiratory depression, contipation, miosis, addictive, CNS depresion | |
| Codeine | Opiod analgesic Antidote: Naloxone SE: respiratory depression, contipation, miosis, addictive, CNS depresion | |
| Heroin | Opiod analgesic Antidote: Naloxone SE: respiratory depression, contipation, miosis, addictive, CNS depresion | |
| Methadone | Opiod analgesic Antidote: Naloxone SE: respiratory depression, contipation, miosis, addictive, CNS depression | |
| Meperidine | Opiod anlagesic Antidote: Naloxone SE: respiratory depression, contipation, miosis, addictive, CNS depression | |
| Dextromethorphan | Opiate analgesic Antidote: Naloxone SE: respiratory depression, contipation, miosis, addictive, CNS depression | |
| NO | general anesthetic: low solubility, fast entry but low potency | (blank) |
| halothane | general anesthetic: high solubility, slow entry but high potentcy SE: malignant hyperthermia risk | |
| proxaine | local anesthetic: ester | (blank) |
| cocaine | local anesthetic: ester | (blank) |
| tetracaine | local anesthetic: ester | (blank) |
| lidocaine | local anesthetic: amide | (blank) |
| buplvacaine | local anesthetic: amide | (blank) |
| succinylcholine | depolarizing neuro muscular blocker, used for sx | (blank) |
| tubocuraine | non-depolarizing neuro mucular blocker | (blank) |
| atracurium | non-depolarizing neuro mucular blocker | (blank) |
| mivacurium | non-depolarizing neuro mucular blocker | (blank) |
| pancuronium | non-depolarizing neuro mucular blocker | (blank) |
| vecuronium | non-depolarizing neuro mucular blocker | (blank) |
| dantrolene | neuro muscular blocker; TX for malignant hyperthermia | (blank) |
| thiopental | barbiturate for intravenous anesthetics; fast in, good for short sx procedures | (blank) |
| midazolam | benzodiazepine intravenous anestheic; used for endoscopy SE: post op respiratory depression, amnesia | |
| ketamine | PCP analog; intravenous anesthetics | (blank) |
| morphine and fentanyl | intravenous anesthetics | (blank) |
| propofol | intravenous anesthetics; fast, good for short sx procedurea | (blank) |
| phenobarbital | barbiturate: psychiatric drug Increased duration of CL channel opening > helps GABA action TX: anxiety, seizures, insomnia SE: induces P450, contra in porphyrai, CNS depression with OH | |
| pentobarbital | barbiturate: psychiatric drug Increased duration of CL channel opening > helps GABA action TX: anxiety, seizures, insomnia SE: induces P450, contra in porphyrai, CNS depression with OH | |
| thiopental | barbiturate: psychiatric drug Increased duration of CL channel opening > helps GABA action TX: anxiety, seizures, insomnia SE: induces P450, contra in porphyrai, CNS depression with OH | |
| scecobarbital | barbiturate: psychiatric drug Increased duration of CL channel opening > helps GABA action TX: anxiety, seizures, insomnia SE: induces P450, contra in porphyrai, CNS depression with OH | |
| diazepam | benzodiazepine: psychiatric drug; antidote = Flumazenil | (blank) |
| lorazepam | benzodiazepine: psychiatric drug; antidote = Flumazenil | (blank) |
| Thoridezine | typical antipsychotic: neuroleptics Blocks dopamine D2 receptors Tx: Schizophrenia, psychosis, delusions, mania EPS,NMS (tx w/ dantrolene) parkinsonism, akathisia, toticollis (tx w. anticholinergic), visual impairment, Tardive dyskinesia | |
| Haliperidol | Typical antipsychotic Blocks dopamine D2 receptors Tx tourrettes and good for elderly "sundowning" Acute mania, Schizophrenia, psychosis SE: EPS,NMS (tx w/ dantrolene) parkinsonism, akathisia, toticollis (tx w. anticholinergic), visual impairment, TD | |
| Fluphenazine | Typical antipsychotic: depot form Blocks dopamine D2 receptors Tx Schizophrenia, psychosis SE: Tardive dyskinesia, extra pyrimidal effects more common | |
| chlorpromazine | Typical antipsychotic Blocks dopamine D2 receptors Tx Schizophrenia, psychosis SE:Tardive dyskinesia, atropine like effects are common | |
| thiothixine | typical antipsychotic | (blank) |
| clozepine | Atypical antipsychotic Blocks 5-HT2 and dopamine receptors Tx Schizophrenia, psychosis SE: May cause agranulocytosis so must monitor WBCs Fewer extrapyrimydal and anticholinergic effect | |
| Olanzapine | Atypical antipsychotic Blocks 5-HT2 and dopamine receptors Tx OCD, anxiety,and depression Fewer extrapyrimydal and anticholinergic effect | (blank) |
| Risperidone | Atypical antipsychotic Blocks 5-HT2 and dopamine receptors TX Schizophrenia, psychosis Fewer extrapyrimydal and anticholinergic effect | (blank) |
| Lithium | Anti manic antipsychotic Tx Mood stabilizer for bipolar SE: Tremor, hypothyroidism, polyuria ADH antagonist causing reversible nephrogenic diabetes insipidus teratogenic, narrow theraputic window, close serum monitoring needed | |
| Valproic Acid | anti manicantipsychotic | (blank) |
| Fluoxetine | SSRI antidepressent Tx: Social phobias, edogenous depression, panic disorder SE: anxiety, insomnia, tremor, wgt gain, impotency, Serotonin syndrome if taken with MAO inhibitor = hyperthermia, muscular rigidity, cardio collapse | |
| Sertraline | SSRI antidepressent Tx: Social phobias, edogenous depression, panic disorder SE: anxiety, insomnia, tremor, wgt gain, impotency, Serotonin syndrome if taken with MAO inhibitor = hyperthermia, muscular rigidity, cardio collapse | |
| Paroxetine | SSRI antidepressent Tx: Social phobias, edogenous depression, panic disorder SE: anxiety, insomnia, tremor, wgt gain, impotency, Serotonin syndrome if taken with MAO inhibitor = hyperthermia, muscular rigidity, cardio collapse | |
| Imipramine | TCA antidepressent; Blk NE and 5HT reuptake TX bed wetting, endogenous depression SE: atropine like (antidown &out) seizures, blurred vision, tachy, hypoTN, OD > to respiratory depression, convulsions, coma, cardio toxic, Contra. w/ Mania or suicide | |
| amtriptyline | TCA antidepressent TCA antidepressent; Blk NE and 5HT reuptake TX bed wetting, endogenous depression SE: atropine like (antidown &out) seizures, blurred vision, tachy, hypoTN, OD > to respiratory depression, convulsions, coma, cardio toxic, Contra. w | |
| Desipramine | TCA antidepressent TCA antidepressent; Blk NE and 5HT reuptake TX bed wetting, endogenous depression SE: atropine like (antidown &out) seizures, blurred vision, tachy, hypoTN, OD > to respiratory depression, convulsions, coma, cardio toxic, Contra. w | |
| Nortriptyline | TCA antidepressent TCA antidepressent; Blk NE and 5HT reuptake TX bed wetting, endogenous depression SE: atropine like (antidown &out) seizures, blurred vision, tachy, hypoTN, OD > to respiratory depression, convulsions, coma, cardio toxic, Contra. w | |
| Clomipramine | TCA antidepressent; TX OCD TCA antidepressent; Blk NE and 5HT reuptake TX bed wetting, endogenous depression SE: atropine like (antidown &out) seizures, blurred vision, tachy, hypoTN, OD > to respiratory depression, convulsions, coma, cardio toxic, | |
| Doxepin | TCA antidepressent TCA antidepressent; Blk NE and 5HT reuptake TX bed wetting, endogenous depression SE: atropine like (antidown &out) seizures, blurred vision, tachy, hypoTN, OD > to respiratory depression, convulsions, coma, cardio toxic, Contra. w | |
| Trazodone | Heterocyclic antidepressents | (blank) |
| Buproprion | Heterocyclic antidepressents; Tx smoking SE: can make psychosis worse, NOT for panic attack (takes too long to work) | |
| Venlafazine(Effexor) | Heterocyclic antidepressents MXN: NE and 5ht reuptake inhibitor TX: generalized anxiety disorder | (blank) |
| Phenelzine (Nardil) | MAO inhibitor: psychiatric drug TX: phobias, hypochondria, depression SE: HTN crisis if take with tyrimine foods as well as with meperidine; contraindicated with SSRIs or Beta agonists, Contra in suicide pts | |
| Tranylcypromine (Parnate) | MAO inhibitor: psychiatric drug TX: phobias, hypochondria, depression SE: HTN crisis if take with tyrimine foods as well as with meperidine; contraindicated with SSRIs or Beta agonists, Contra in suicide pts | |
| HTZ | Thiazide, diuretic, anti hypertensive; TX: HTN, CHF,works in the DCT; decreases K, Increaces CA and lipids in serum(less to kidneys), synergistic with loops, good for reducing risk of Ca kidney stones | (blank) |
| Metolozone | thiazide like, diuretic, anthypertensive, good for LOW GFR, decreases K | (blank) |
| Indapamide | Thiazide like, diuretic, hypertensive; NO increase in lipids, decreases K | (blank) |
| Furosemide | Loop diuretic, antihypertensive; works in TALH TX: HTN, CHF, doc for pulmonary edema SE: ototoxicity, decreased K | |
| ethacrynic acid | Loop diuretic, antihypertensive; works in TALH ototoxicity, decreases K, can cause acute GOUT | |
| Spironlactone | K sparing diuretic, works in the colleting duct, antihypertensive; good with acne pts SE: gynecomastia | |
| amiloride | K sparing diuretic, antihypertensive SE: photosensitivity | |
| Triamterine | K sparing diuretic, antihypertensive | (blank) |
| Captopril | ACE-I diuretic antihypertensive; works in DCT, DOC in HTN diabetics; has a positive effect on lipids SE: angio edema, cough, rash, taste change | |
| Losartan | AGII recp. Antag (ARB); useful in CHF, increases K, doc if ACEI cause cough SE: respiratory infection, fetal renal toxicity | |
| Methyldopa | Sympatho diuretic antihypertensive SE: liver toxic, anemia, + combs | |
| Clonidine | Sympatho diuretic antihypertensive Binds A2 in medulla SE: rebound HTN | |
| Hexamethonium | Sympatho diuretic antihypertensive SE: orthostatic hypotention | |
| Reserpine | Sympatho diuretic antihypertensive SE: depression, no ejaculation | |
| Guanethidine | Sympatho diuretic antihypertensive SE: orthostatic hypotention, sexual dysfunction | |
| Prazosin | Sympatho diuretic antihypertensive SE: fisrt dose orthostatic hypotention | |
| B blockers | Sympatho diuretic antihypertensive: atenolol, metoprolol, carvedilol; good with CHF SE: impotency, bradycardia | |
| Hydralazine | Vasodilators, antihypertensives SE: SLE like synd., angina, reflex tachy ( give with B-Blocker to avoid) | |
| Minoxidil | Vasodilators, antihypertensives: SE: pericardial effusion, reflex tach (give with B-Blockers to avoid) | |
| Verapimil | Vasodilators, antihypertensives: Calcium channel blocker, negative ionotrop SE: flushing, constipation,nausea, brady, AV block, negative | |
| Diltiazem | Vasodilators, antihypertensives | (blank) |
| Mannitol | antihypertensive: decreases intra cranial and intra occular pressure Works in Prox. tubule, contraindicated in CHF TX: shock, Drug OD SE: pulmonary edema | |
| Acetozolamide | antihypertensive: works in proximal tubule Tx alttitude sickness; tx glucoma, decreased Hco3 metabolic alkosis SE: sulfa allergy | |
| Digoxin | antihypertensive: increases contractility = use for CHF, decreases conduction = use for A Fib SE: blurry yellow vision | |
| Adenosine | Antihypertensive: the heart stopper, treat AV arrythmia | (blank) |
| K+ | antihypertensive: depresses ectopic, Ts digoxin toxicity | (blank) |
| Mg+ | antihypertensiv: TX Torsades and Digoxin toxicity | (blank) |
| Quinidine | Antiarrhythmic: Class 1A: Na channel blockers: decrease conduction, increase AP & QT SE: chinconism, can lead to torsades | |
| Amiodarone | Antiarrhythmic: Class 1A: Na channel blockers: decrease conduction, increase AP & QT SE: Pulmonary fibrosis, corneal deposits, hepatotoxic, hyper or hypo thryroidism, check PFT, LFT, TFT; can lead to torsades | |
| Procainamide | Antiarrhythmic: Class 1A: Na channel blockers: decrease conduction, increase AP & QT SE: fever rash, can lead to torsades, SLE like symptoms | |
| Dispyramide | Antiarrhythmic: Class 1A: Na channel blockers: decrease conduction, increase AP & QT SE: can lead to torsades | |
| Lidocaine | Antiarryhthimic: Class 1B: decrease AP | (blank) |
| Mexiletine | Antiarryhthimic: Class 1B: decrease AP | (blank) |
| Tocainide | Antiarryhthimic: Class 1B: decrease AP | (blank) |
| Flecainide | Antiarryhtmic: Class 1C: no effect on AP, good for V-tach progressed to V-fib, contraindicatedin post MI | (blank) |
| Encainide | Antiarryhtmic: Class 1C: no effect on AP, good for V-tach progressed to V-fib, contraindicatedin post MI | (blank) |
| Propafenone | Antiarryhtmic: Class 1C: no effect on AP, good for V-tach progressed to V-fib, contraindicatedin post MI | (blank) |
| Propranolol | Antiarrhytmic: Class 2: Beta blockers: increase PR, decreases contractility & HR SE: impotentcy, increase asthma, masks si of hypoglycemia (caution in DM) | (blank) |
| Esmolol | Antiarrhytmic: Class 2: Beta blockers: increase PR decreases contractility & HR SE: impotentcy, increase asthma, masks si of hypoglycemia (caution in DM) | (blank) |
| Metoprolol | Antiarrhytmic: Class 2: Beta blockers: increase PR decreases contractility & HR SE: impotentcy, increase asthma, masks si of hypoglycemia (caution in DM) | (blank) |
| Atenolol | Antiarrhytmic: Class 2: Beta blockers: increase PR decreases contractility & HR SE: impotentcy, increase asthma, masks si of hypoglycemia (caution in DM) | (blank) |
| Timolol | Antiarrhytmic: Class 2: Beta blockers: increase PR decreases contractility & HR SE: impotentcy, increase asthma, masks si of hypoglycemia (caution in DM) | (blank) |
| Sotolol | Antiarrythmic: Class 3: K channel blockers; increase AP, increase QT SE: torsades | |
| Ibutilide | Antiarrythmic: Class 3: K channel blockers; increase AP, increase QT SE: torsades | (blank) |
| bretylium | Antiarrythmic: Class 3: K channel blockers; increase AP, increase QT SE: new arrythmia, HypoTN | (blank) |
| Amiodarone | Antiarrythmic: Class 3: K channel blockers; increase AP, increase QT SE: pulmonary fibrosis, hepatotoxic, hyper/hypo-thyroidism: must check PFT, LFT, TFT | |
| Verapamil | Antiarrhytmics: Class 4, Ca channel blockers: decrease conduction, increase PR works at the AV node TX: SVT SE: constipation, fulshing, edema, CHF, AV blk | (blank) |
| Diltiazem | Antiarrhytmics: Class 4, Ca channel blockers: decrease conduction, increase PR | (blank) |
| Lovastatin | Lipid lowering agents: HMG-COA reductase inhibitors: big decrease in LDL, small increase in HDL SE: expensive, reversible increased LFT, myositis, works in the hepatocytes | (blank) |
| Pravastatin | Lipid lowering agents: HMG-COA reductase inhibitors: big decrease in LDL, small increase in HDL SE: expensive, reversible increased LFT, myositis, works in the hepatocytes | (blank) |
| Simvastatin | Lipid lowering agents: HMG-COA reductase inhibitors: big decrease in LDL, small increase in HDL SE: expensive, reversible increased LFT, myositis, works in the hepatocytes | (blank) |
| Aorvastatin | Lipid lowering agents: HMG-COA reductase inhibitors: big decrease in LDL, small increase in HDL SE: expensive, reversible increased LFT, myositis, works in the hepatocytes | (blank) |
| Niacin | Lipid lowering angent: decreases LDL and good increase in HDL works in hepatocyes SE: flushing (can decrease se w/ ASA) | |
| Choestyramine | Lipid lowering agent: Bile acid resin: decreases LDL | (blank) |
| Colestipol | Lipid lowering agent: Bile acid resin: decreases LDL | (blank) |
| Ezetimibe | Lipid lowering agent: Cholesterol absorber: decreases LDL SE: rarely, increase in LFT | (blank) |
| Gemfibrozil | Lipid lowering agent: Fibrates: good decrease in triglycerides SE: myositis, Increased LFT | (blank) |
| Clofibrate | Lipid lowering agent: Fibrates: good decrease in triglycerides SE: myositis, Increased LFT | (blank) |
| Bezafibrate | Lipid lowering agent: Fibrates: good decrease in triglycerides SE: myositis, Increased LFT | (blank) |
| fenofibrate | Lipid lowering agent: Fibrates: good decrease in triglycerides SE: myositis, Increased LFT | (blank) |
| L-dopa | Neurologic drugs: Tx Parkinsons: dopamine agonists, Incease dopamine in brain: L-dopa can cross BBB (dopamne can't) & converted by dopa decarcoxylase in CNS to dopamine SE:arrhytmias for peripheral conversion to dopamine (carbadopa given with it lessen) | |
| carbidopa | Neurologic drugs: Tx Parkinsons: dopamine agonists | (blank) |
| bromocriptine | Neurologic drugs: Tx Parkinsons: dopamine agonists | (blank) |
| pramipexole | Neurologic drugs: Tx Parkinsons: dopamine agonists | (blank) |
| ropinirole | Neurologic drugs: Tx Parkinsons: dopamine agonists | (blank) |
| Amantadine | Neurologic drugs: Tx Parkinsons: dopamine agonists | (blank) |
| Selegiline | Neurologic druga: Tx Parkinsons: MAO type B inhibitor: adjunct to L-dopa | (blank) |
| Benzotropine | Neurologic drug: Tx Parkinsons: Antimuscarinic: improve tremor and rigidity | (blank) |
| Entacapone, tolcapone | Neurologic drug: COMT inhibitor: adjuct to Levodopa | (blank) |
| Sumatriptan | Neurologic drug: 5HT agonist, half life < 2 hours: Tx acute migraine, cluster headaches SE: chest discomfort, mild tingling: contraindicated in pts with CAD or Prinzmetals angina | |
| diphenydramime | Respiratory: H1 blocker, First generation; Tx allergies, motion sickness, sleep aid | (blank) |
| dimenhydrinate | Respiratory: H1 blocker, First Generation; Tx allergies, motion sickness and sleep aid | (blank) |
| cholorpheniramine | Respiratory: H1 blocker, First Generation; Tx allergies, motion sickness, and sleep aid | (blank) |
| Loratadine | Repsiratory: H1 blocker, 2nd generation; Tx allergies | (blank) |
| Fexofenadine | Respiratory: H1 blocker, 2nd generation; Tx allergies | (blank) |
| Desloratadine | Respiratory: H1 blocker, 2nd generation; Tx allergies | (blank) |
| Isoproterenol | Respiratory: Asthma: Non specific B-agonist relaxes bronchial smooth muscles SE: tachycardia | |
| Alburteol | Repsiratory: Asthma: B2 agonist; Tx acute exaccerbations | (blank) |
| Salmeterol | Respiratory;Asthma: B2 agonist: Tx used for long acting prophylaxis | (blank) |
| Theophylline | Respriatory: Methylxantihines: Asthma SE: not used much,has narrow theraputic window, and can be cardio toxic | |
| Ipratropium | Respiratory:Asthma: Muscarinicn Antagonist First line for COPD (has less arrythmia SE) | (blank) |
| Beclomethason | Respiratory: Asthma: Corticosteroid First line for chronic asthma SE: can lead to thrush | (blank) |
| Prednisone | Respirtory: Asthma: Corticosteroid First line for chronic asthma SE: can lead to thrush | (blank) |
| Zileuton | Respiratory: Asthma: Antileukotriene | (blank) |
| Zafirlukast, Montelukast | Respiratory: Asthma: Antileukotriene | (blank) |
| Cimetidine | GI: H2 blocker; Tx ulcer, gastritis, reflux SE: inhibits p450, decreases renal creatinine excretion | |
| Rantidine | GI: H2 blocker; Tx ulcers, gastritis, reflux | (blank) |
| Famotidine | GI: H2 blocker; Tx ulcer, gastritis, reflux | (blank) |
| Nizatidine | GI: H2 blocker; Tx ulcer, gastritis, reflux | (blank) |
| Omeprazole, Lansoprazole | GI: Proton Pump Inhibitor; Tx ulcer reflux, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome MXN: irrev. decrease in H/K ATPase in stomach parietal cells SE: atrophic gastritis, Carcinoid tumors | (blank) |
| Bismuth, Sucralfate | GI: Tx binds ulcer base for physical protection, heals ulcers | (blank) |
| Misoprostol | GI: Increases mucous production maintains the opening of a PDA, induces labor SE: aboritfactant | |
| Infliximab | GI: Tx Crohns, RA SE: respiratory infection, fever, hypoTN | |
| Sulfasalazine | GI: Tx Ulcerative Colitis, Crohns | (blank) |
| Ondansetron | GI: central antiemetic, 5HT3 antagonist Tx nausea in chemo pts SE: HA and constipation | |
| Aluminum hydroxide | GI: Antacid: SE: constipation ("minimun" feces), hypocalemia | |
| Magnesium hydroxide | GI: Antacid SE: diarrhea (Mg = Must Go), hypocalemia | |
| Sildenafil | Reproduction: Inhibits cGMP phos = increased cGMP = fill the penis SE: blue-green color vision, potential fatal hypotention if taken with nitrates, HA, flushing | |
| Vardenafil | Reproduction: Inhibits cGMP phos = increased cGMP = fill the penis SE: blue-green color vision, potential fatal hypotention if taken with nitrates, HA, flushing | |
| Tadalafil | Reproduction: Inhibits cGMP phos = increased cGMP = fill the penis SE: blue-green color vision, potential fatal hypotention if taken with nitrates, HA, flushing | |
| Clomiphene | Reproductive:increases LH and FSH leading to stimulation of ovulation; partial agonist of estrogen at pituitary receptors, prevents feedback inhibition SE: visual disturbance, multiple pregancy, hot flashes | |
| Mifepristone (RU-486) | Reproduction: Abortofacient (morning after pill); decreases progesterone at receptor ( competitive inhibitor of progesterong at progesterone receptor SE: bleeding, Nausea, Vomiting, abdominal pain | |
| What are the benefits and the deficits to using Oral Contraceptives | Good: decreased risk of endometrial and ovarian CA, extopic pregnancy and PID. Bad: inceased triglycerides, depression, weight gain, hypercoaguable state, HTN | (blank) |
| Heparin | Hematologic:Effects Intrinsic path (PTT) activates antithrombin III = decrease thrombin and Factor Xa: Used for Immediate anticoagulation for PE ect.; Okay for pregnant pts: Antidote = protamine sulfate | (blank) |
| Warfarin | Hematologic: Effects extrinsic path (PT)decreases Vit. K dependent clotting factors 2,7, 9,10, protein C adn S; Dont use in pregnant pts (crosses the placenta); antidote = IV Vit. K and FFP | (blank) |
| Aspirin | Hematologic: Antiplatelet, no effect on PT or PPT SE: tinnitus (CN VIII), Reye's syndrome | |
| Cloidogrel | Hematologic: decreases aggregation, prevent gp IIb/IIIa expresion | (blank) |
| Ticlopidine | Hematologic: decreases aggrgation, prevent gp IIb/IIIa expression SE: thrombocytopeina | |
| Abciximab | Hematologic: binds gb IIb/IIIa SE: thrombocytopenia | |
| streptokinase | Hematologic: Thrombolytics: cleave fibrin and plasminogen; aids conversion of plasminogen > plasmin which cleaves thrombin & firbrin clots SE: contraindicated in sever HTN | |
| urokinase | Hematologic: Thrombolytics: cleave fibrin and plasminogen; aids conversion of plasminogen > plasmin which cleaves thrombin & firbrin clots SE: contraindicated in sever HTN | |
| tPA | Hematologic: Thrombolytics: cleave fibrin and plasminogen; aids conversion of plasminogen > plasmin which cleaves thrombin & firbrin clots SE: contraindicated in sever HTN | |
| insulin | Endocrine: Diabetes: binds insulin receptors increases glucose storage and K uptake ( Tx hyper K in blood) SE: hypoglycemia | |
| metformin | Edocrine: Diabetes: MXN unknown, increases glycolysis, decreases serum glucose; Decrease LDL and triglycerides, so DOC for fat diabetics SE: lactic acidosis, contraidicated with Cr >1.5mg/dl in males and 1.4 mg/dl in females | |
| tolbutamide | Endocrine: Diabetes: Sulfonylureas: inactivates ATP sensitive K channel increased endogenous insulin (won't work in IDDM) SE: disulfiram like effect (severe nausea, vomiting, and headache.) | |
| chlorpropamide | Endocrine: Diabetes: Sulfonylureas: inactivates ATP sensitive K channel increased endogenous insulin (won't work in IDDM) SE: disulfiram like effect (severe nausea, vomiting, and headache.)can cause SAIDS | |
| glyburide | Endocrine: Diabetes: Sulfonylureas: inactivates ATP sensitive K channel increased endogenous insulin (won't work in IDDM) SE: disulfiram like effect (severe nausea, vomiting, and headache.)can cause SAIDS, renally extreated can accum. w/pt w renal dx | |
| glipizide | Endocrine: Diabetes: Sulfonylureas: inactivates ATP sensitive K channel increased endogenous insulin (won't work in IDDM) SE: disulfiram like effect (severe nausea, vomiting, and headache.) | |
| Pioglitazone | Endocrine: Diabetes: Glitazone: increses response to insulin, decreases triglycerides, no hypoglycemia SE: weight gain, liver toxicity, use w/ caustion w/ CHF | |
| rosiglitazone | Endocrine: Diabetes: Glitazone: increses response to insulin, decreases triglycerides, no hypoglycemia SE: weight gain, liver toxicity, use w/ caustion w/ CHF | |
| Acarbose | Endocrine: Diabetes: Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitor: decreases hydrolysis of sugar, leads to decrease postprandial; Take with first bite of meal; decreased triglycerides, additive effect if given with sulfonylureas SE: GI distress, hypoglycemia, contraindic | |
| Miglitol | Endocrine: Diabetes: Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitor: decreases hydrolysis of sugar leads to decrease postprandial; Take with first bite of meal; decreased triglycerides, additive effect if given with sulfonylureas SE: GI distress, hypoglycemia, contraindica | |
| Leuprolide | Endocrine:Tx uterine fibroids: pulsitile = infertility, continued w. flutmide = prostate cancer, GnRH anaolog SE: nausea and vomiting | (blank) |
| Propylthioruracil, Methimazole | Endocrine: Hyper -Thyroid: decreases peripheal T4 to T3 SE: rash, agranulocutosis, aplastic anemia | |
| Finasteride | Endocrine: Antiandrogens: Tx BPH and Male pattern Baldness SE: sexual dysfunction in males; breast tenderness and enlargement | |
| flutamide | Endocrine: Anti-androgen: Tx prostate Carcinoma | (blank) |
| ketoconazole, Spironlactone | Endocrine: Anti-androgen:Tx polycictic ovarian syndrome to prevent hirsutism | (blank) |
| Hydrocortisone | Endocrine: Glucocorticoid: decreases expression of COX-2: Tx Addisons, inflammation, imune suppression, asthma SE: iatrogenic Cushing Syndrome w/ buffalo hump, moon face, truncal obesity, muscle wasting, osteoporosis, adrenocorical atrophy | |
| Prednisone | Endocrine: Glucocorticoid: decreases expression of COX-2: Tx Addisons, inflammation, immune suppression, asthma SE: iatrogenic Cushing Syndrome w/ buffalo hump, moon face, truncal obesity, muscle wasting, osteoporosis, adrenocorical atrophy | |
| Triamcinolone | Endocrine: Glucocorticoid: decreases expression of COX-2: Tx Addisons, inflammation, immune suppression, asthma SE: iatrogenic Cushing Syndrome w/ buffalo hump, moon face, truncal obesity, muscle wasting, osteoporosis, adrenocorical atrophy | |
| Dexamethasone | Endocrine: Glucocorticoid: decreases expression of COX-2: Tx Addisons, inflammation, immune suppression, asthma SE: iatrogenic Cushing Syndrome w/ buffalo hump, moon face, truncal obesity, muscle wasting, osteoporosis, adrenocorical atrophy | |
| Belomethasone | Endocrine: Glucocorticoid: decreases expression of COX-2: Tx Addisons, inflammation, immune suppression, asthma SE: iatrogenic Cushing Syndrome w/ buffalo hump, moon face, truncal obesity, muscle wasting, osteoporosis, adrenocorical atrophy | |
| Indomethacin | Rheumatoogic: NSAID; Tx doc for ACUTE gout | (blank) |
| colchcine | Rheumatologic: Gout: Tx acute gout SE: GI upset | |
| Probenecid | Rheumatologic: Gout: Tx chronic gout; decreases uric reabsorpton, increases penicillin action | (blank) |
| allopurinol | Rheumatologic: Gout: Tx chronic gout; decreases uric acid production | (blank) |
| methotrexate | Oncologic: hits S phase: used for leukemia, lymphoma, chorioscarcinoma, sarcoma, abortion, extopic pregnancy, RE, psoriasis MXN: decreases thymidine and purine synthesis SE:reversible myelosuppression, fatty liver change | |
| 5-Fluorouracil | Oncologic: hits S pahse: Tx colon cancer, basal cell carcinoma SE:non reversible myelosuppression, photosensitivity | |
| 6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP) | Oncologic: blocks purines; Tx leukemia Blocks purine synthesis SE: bone marrow suppression, increased toxicity with allopurinol | |
| busulfan | Oncologic: alkylates DNA; Tx CML SE: pulmonary fibrosis, hyperpigmentation | |
| cytarabine | Oncologic: decreases DNA polymerase; Tx AML SE:leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, megablastic anemia | |
| cyclophosphamide, Ifosfamide | Oncologic: cross links DNA; Tx non hodgkins SE: meylosuppression, hemorrhagic cystitis; Use MENSA to decrease SE | |
| Carmustine, Lomustine, Semustine, Streptozocin | Oncologic: Nitorsoureas: alkylate DNA TX: Brain tumors SE: CNS toxicity, dizzy, ataxic | |
| cisplatin, carobplatin | Oncologic: alkylating agents; hits DNA cross linking Tx testicular bladder, ovary, lung carcinoma SE:nephrotoxicity, acoustic nerve damage | |
| Doxorubicin | Oncologic: breaks DNA strands; Tx = part of combo for Hodgkins SE: dialated cardiomyopathy, cardiotoxic, alopecia | |
| bleomycin, dactinomycin | Oncologic: increases free radicals leading to DNA breaks: Tx testicular CA, lymphoma SE:pulmonary fibrosis, skin changes | |
| etoposide | Oncologic: hits G2 stage; increases DNA degradation; Tx oat cell CA of lung and prostate, testicular CA SE: myelosuppression, alopecia | |
| prednisone | Oncologic: triggers apoptosis; Tx CLL, Hodgins, and autoimmune dx SE: Cushings like syndrome, immunosuppression, cataracts, acne, osteoporosis, HTN, ulcers, hyperglycemia, psychosis | |
| tamoxifen, raloxifene | Oncologic: blocks estrogen binding: Tx breast CA, prevents osteoparosis SE: increase risk of endometrial CA, causes hot flashs | |
| trastuzumab (Herceptin) | Oncologic: monoclonal antibody against erb-B2; Tx metastatic breast CA SE: cardiotoxic | |
| vincritine, vinblastine | Oncologic: hits Mpahse; blocks mitotic spindle formation; Tx lymphoma, Wilms tumor and choriocarcinoma SE: neurotoxicity, bone marrow surpression, Ileus | |
| paclitaxel | Oncologic: hits M phase, blocks mitotic psindle breakdown so anaphase can't occur: SE: myelosuppression and hypersensitivity | |
| cyclosporine | Immunosuppressant: decreases IL2 leading to decreased T cell action: Tx: suppress organ rejection SE: increase risk of infection, nephrotoxic (preventable with mannitol); increases uric acid | |
| tacrolimus | Immunosuppressant: decreases IL2 leading to decreased T cell action: Tx potent immunosuppression for organ transplants SE: neprotoxicity, peripheral neuropathy, HTN, pleural effusion, hyperglycemia | |
| azathioprine | Immunosuppresant: decreases nucleic acid synthesis, toxic to proliferatin lymphocytes; Tx Kidney transplants, autoimmune dxs | (blank) |
| aldesleukin | recominant cytotokine: Tx renal cell carcinoma, metastatic melanoma | (blank) |
| erythorpoieitn | recominant cytokine: Tx anemia, renal failure | (blank) |
| filgrastim | recombinant cytokine: Tx recovers fo bone marrow | (blank) |
| sargromostim | recombinant cytokine: Tx recovery of bone marrow | (blank) |
| alpha-interferon | recombinant cytokine: Tx hep B and C, kaposis, leukemia, malignant melanoma | (blank) |
| beta-interferon | recombinant cytokine: Tx multiple sclerosis | (blank) |
| gama-interferon | recombinant cytokine: Tx chronic grnaulomatous dx | (blank) |
| operelvekin, interlukin 11 | recombinant cytokine: Tx thrombocytopenia | (blank) |
| thrombopoeitin | recombinant cytokine: Tx thrombocytopenia | (blank) |
| Penicillin | Antimicrobial: cell wall inhibitor; Tx Gram + cocci and gram - cocci, and spirochetes SE: allergic rxns, hemolytic anemia | |
| methcillin, nafcillin, dicloxacillin | antimicrobial: cell wall inhibitor; Tx S. aures SE: methicillin = interstitial nephritis | |
| ampicillin, amoxicillin | antimicrobial: cell wall inhibitor; Tx extended spectrum, H. Flu, E coli, Listeria, Proteus, Salmonella, enterococci SE:ampicillin rash, pseudomembranous colitis | |
| carbenicillin, piperacillin, ticarcillin | Antimicrobial: cell wall inhibitor: Tx pseudomonas, gram - rods, use with clauvulanic acid | (blank) |
| cephalothin | Antimicrobial: Cephalosporins: First Generation: Cell wall inhibitor: Tx gram - cocci, proteus, E coli, klebsiela (PEK) SE: pennicillin cross hypersensitivity, nephrotoxicity of aminoglycodises, disulfiram like rxn with OH | |
| cephalexin | Antimicrobial: Cephalosporins: First Generation: Cell wall inhibitor: Tx gram - cocci, proteus, E coli, klebsiela (PEK) SE: pennicillin cross hypersensitivity, nephrotoxicity of aminoglycodises, disulfiram like rxn with OH | |
| cephapirine | Antimicrobial: Cephalosporins: First Generation: Cell wall inhibitor: Tx gram - cocci, proteus, E coli, klebsiela (PEK) SE: pennicillin cross hypersensitivity, nephrotoxicity of aminoglycodises, disulfiram like rxn with OH | |
| cepradine | Antimicrobial: Cephalosporins: First Generation: Cell wall inhibitor: Tx gram - cocci, proteus, E coli, klebsiela (PEK) SE: pennicillin cross hypersensitivity, nephrotoxicity of aminoglycodises, disulfiram like rxn with OH | |
| cefadroxil | Antimicrobial: Cephalosporins: First Generation: Cell wall inhibitor: Tx gram - cocci, proteus, E coli, klebsiela (PEK) SE: pennicillin cross hypersensitivity, nephrotoxicity of aminoglycodises, disulfiram like rxn with OH | |
| cefazolin | Antimicrobial: Cephalosporins: First Generation: Cell wall inhibitor: Tx gram - cocci, proteus, E coli, klebsiela (PEK) SE: pennicillin cross hypersensitivity, nephrotoxicity of aminoglycodises, disulfiram like rxn with OH | |
| cefalcor | antimicrobial: Cephalosporin: Second generation: Tx gram - cocci, H flu, enterobacter, Neisseria, Proteus, E coli, Klebsiela, Serratia (hen Peks) SE: pennicillin cross hypersensitivity, nephrotoxicity of aminoglycodises, disulfiram like rxn with OH | |
| cefamandole | antimicrobial: Cephalosporin: Second generation: Tx gram - cocci, H flu, enterobacter, Neisseria, Proteus, E coli, Klebsiela, Serratia (hen Peks) SE: pennicillin cross hypersensitivity, nephrotoxicity of aminoglycodises, disulfiram like rxn with OH | |
| cefonicid | antimicrobial: Cephalosporin: Second generation: Tx gram - cocci, H flu, enterobacter, Neisseria, Proteus, E coli, Klebsiela, Serratia (hen Peks) SE: pennicillin cross hypersensitivity, nephrotoxicity of aminoglycodises, disulfiram like rxn with OH | |
| ceforanide | antimicrobial: Cephalosporin: Second generation: Tx gram - cocci, H flu, enterobacter, Neisseria, Proteus, E coli, Klebsiela, Serratia (hen Peks) SE: pennicillin cross hypersensitivity, nephrotoxicity of aminoglycodises, disulfiram like rxn with OH | |
| cefoxitin | antimicrobial: Cephalosporin: Second generation: Tx gram - cocci, H flu, enterobacter, Neisseria, Proteus, E coli, Klebsiela, Serratia (hen Peks) SE: pennicillin cross hypersensitivity, nephrotoxicity of aminoglycodises, disulfiram like rxn with OH | |
| cefuromime | antimicrobial: Cephalosporin: Second generation: Tx gram - cocci, H flu, enterobacter, Neisseria, Proteus, E coli, Klebsiela, Serratia (hen Peks) SE: pennicillin cross hypersensitivity, nephrotoxicity of aminoglycodises, disulfiram like rxn with OH | |
| cefuroximeaxetil | antimicrobial: Cephalosporin: Second generation: Tx gram - cocci, H flu, enterobacter, Neisseria, Proteus, E coli, Klebsiela, Serratia (hen Peks) SE: pennicillin cross hypersensitivity, nephrotoxicity of aminoglycodises, disulfiram like rxn with OH | |
| ceftizoxime | Antimicrobial: Cephalosporin: Third generation: Tx serious gram - microbes SE: pennicillin cross hypersensitivity, nephrotoxicity of aminoglycodises, disulfiram like rxn with OH | |
| cefotaxime | Antimicrobial: Cephalosporin: Third generation: Tx serious gram - microbes: Gonorrhea (gets to the CNS) SE: pennicillin cross hypersensitivity, nephrotoxicity of aminoglycodises, disulfiram like rxn with OH | |
| ceftriaxone | Antimicrobial: Cephalosporin: Third generation: Tx serious gram - microbes SE: pennicillin cross hypersensitivity, nephrotoxicity of aminoglycodises, disulfiram like rxn with OH | |
| ceftazidine | Antimicrobial: Cephalosporin: Third generation: Tx serious gram - microbes: pseudomonas SE: pennicillin cross hypersensitivity, nephrotoxicity of aminoglycodises, disulfiram like rxn with OH | |
| cefoperazone | Antimicrobial: Cephalosporin: Third generation: Tx serious gram - microbes SE: pennicillin cross hypersensitivity, nephrotoxicity of aminoglycodises, disulfiram like rxn with OH | |
| cefixime | Antimicrobial: Cephalosporin: Third generation: Tx serious gram - microbes SE: pennicillin cross hypersensitivity, nephrotoxicity of aminoglycodises, disulfiram like rxn with OH | |
| aztreonam | Antimicrobial: cell wall inhibitor: Tx kelbsiella, pseudomonas, serratia: No action on g+ or anaerobes: NO cross reaction with penicillin allergies | (blank) |
| imipenem/cliastatin | Antimicrobial: cell wall inhibitor: always used together as cilastatin helps to save renal tubules: Tx enterobacter DOC SE: rash, seizures at high concentration | |
| vancomycin | antimicrobial: cell wall inhibitor; Tx gram +, S aureus, D difficille SE: nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, red-man syndrome (take antihistimine to lessen) NOT REALLY MANY PROBLEMS WITH THIS, WELL TOLERATED | |
| streptomycin | Protein synthesis inhibitor: aminoglycosides, act on 30s; Bactericidal: cause mRNA misread SE: teratogen, nephrotoxic with cephalosporines; ototoxicity with Loop diuretics | |
| gentamicin | Antimicrobial: Protein synthesis inhibitor: aminoglycosides, act on 30s; Bactericidal: cause mRNA misread SE: teratogen, nephrotoxic with cephalosporines; ototoxcity with Loop diuretics | |
| neomycin | Amtimicrobial: Protein synthesis inhibitor: aminoglycosides, act on 30s; Bactericidal: cause mRNA misread; Tx bowel sx SE: teratogen, nephrotoxic with cephalosporines; ototoxcity with Loop diuretics | |
| amikacin | Protein synthesis inhibitor: aminoglycosides, act on 30s; Bactericidal: cause mRNA misread SE: teratogen, nephrotoxic with cephalosporines; ototoxcity with Loop diuretics | |
| tobramycin | Protein synthesis inhibitor: aminoglycosides, act on 30s; Bactericidal: cause mRNA misread SE: teratogen, nephrotoxic with cephalosporines; ototoxcity with Loop diuretics | |
| Tetracycline | Antimicrobial: Protein synthesis inhibitor: works at 30s; don't take with milk or antacids; Tx vibro, acne, chlamydia, mycoplasma ;, borrellia, rickettsia, tularemia SE: tooth discolor and bone inhibition in kids | |
| doxycycline | Protein synthesis inhibitor: works at 30s; don't take with milk or antacids; Tx vibro, acne, chlamydia, mycoplasma ;, borrellia, rickettsia, tularemia SE: tooth discolor and bone inhibition in kids | |
| demeclocycline | Protein synthesis inhibitor: works at 30s; don't take with milk or antacids; Tx vibro, acne, chlamydia, mycoplasma ;, borrellia, rickettsia, tularemia SE: tooth discolor and bone inhibition in kids; decreased kidney response to ADH > nephro DI | |
| chloramphenicol | antimicrobial: protein synthesis inhibitors: work at 50s; bacteriastatic | (blank) |
| erythromycin | antimicrobial: protein synthesis inhibitors: work at 50s, bacteriastatic | (blank) |
| lincomycin | antimicrobial: protein synthesis inhibitors: work at 50s , bacteriastatic | (blank) |
| clindamycin | antimicrobial: protein synthesis inhibitors: work at 50s, bacteriastatic | (blank) |
| erythomycin | antimicrobial: macrolide: inhibit protein synthesis; Tx URI, STD, Mycoplasma, legionells, chlamydia, neisseria | acute cholestatic hepatitis, rash |
| azithromycin | antimicrobial: macrolide: inhibit protein synthesis; Tx URI, STD, Mycoplasma, legionells, chlamydia, neisseria | acute cholestatic hepatitis, rash |
| clarithromycin | antimicrobial: macrolide: inhibit protein synthesis; Tx URI, STD, Mycoplasma, legionells, chlamydia, neisseria | acute cholestatic hepatitis, rash |
| choramphenicol | antimicrobial: inhibits at 50s; Tx meningitis, H flu, neisseria, strep p | anemia, aplastic anemia, gray baby syndrome (lack of UDP-glucuronyl trasferase in newborn) |
| clindamycin | antimicrobial: blocks bond at 50s; Tx baceroided f, C perfringens | pseudomemebranous colitis (c difficille overgrowth) |
| sulfamethoxazole | antimicrobial: sulfonamides: anti PABA; Tx nocardia, chlamydia | hemolysis if G6PD deficient, hephrotoxic, kernicterus in infants |
| sulfisoxazole | antimicrobial: sulfonamides: anti PABA; Tx nocardia, chlamydia | hemolysis if G6PD deficient, hephrotoxic, kernicterus in infants |
| triple sulfa | antimicrobial: sulfonamides: anti PABA; Tx nocardia, chlamydia, simple UTI | hemolysis if G6PD deficient, hephrotoxic, kernicterus in infants |
| sulfadiazine | antimicrobial: sulfonamides: anti PABA; Tx nocardia, chlamydia | hemolysis if G6PD deficient, hephrotoxic, kernicterus in infants |
| trimethoprim | antimicrobial: decreases DNA synthesis; Tx use with sulfonamide (TMP-SMX); Tx recurrent UTI, shigella, salmonella, P carinii | megoblastic anemia |
| ciprofoxacin | antimicrobial: flouroquinolones; Tx pseudomonas, neisseria | tendon and cartilage damage |
| norfloxacin | antimicrobial: flouroquinolones; Tx pseudomonas, neisseria | tendon and cartilage damage |
| ofloxacin | antimicrobial: flouroquinolones; Tx pseudomonas, neisseria | tendon and cartilage damage |
| metronidazole | antimicrobial: antiprotozoal; Tx giradia, entamoeba, trichomonas (GET on the METRO) use with bismuth and amoxicillin for h pyloris | disulfiram like rxn with OH |
| polymixins B and E | antimicrobial: disrupts membrane osmotics, like detergetn; Tx gram - infections | neurotoxic, acute renal tubular necroosis |
| rifampin | antimicrobial: anti- TB; RNA polymerase inhibitor | hepatotoxic, Revs up P450, red body fluids, rapid resistance if used alone |
| ethambutol | antimicrobial; anti-TB | hepatotoxic |
| streptomycin | antimicrobial; anti-TB | hepatotoxic |
| pryrazinamide | antimicrobial; anti-TB | hepatotoxic |
| isoniazid | antimicrobial; anti TB; can be used as solo prophylaxis for TB | hemolysis if G6PD deficient, neurotoxic (can avoid this by giving with B6) SLE like syndrome, hepatotoxic |
| amphotericin B | antifungal; binds ergosterol leading to leaky memebrane; Tx cryptococcus, blastomyces, coccicioides, aspergillus, histoplasma, candida, mucor; does not cros the BBB | fever and chills, hypotension |
| nystatin | antifungal: binds ergosterol leanding to leaky membrane; Tx swish and swallo for candida, ok with pregnancy | (blank) |
| flucytocine | antifungal; decreases DNA synthesis;Tx candida, cryptococcus | nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, bone marrow suppression |
| caspofungin | antifungal: cell wall inhibitor; Ts aspergillosis | flushing |
| terbinafine | antifungal; decreases squalene epoxidase; Tx dermatophytes like onychomycosis | (blank) |
| griseofulvin | antifungal; disrupts mitosis; Tx oral superficial infections, tinea, ringworm | (blank) |
| fluconazole | antifungal: Azoles; decreases ergosterol synthesis; Tx mycosis, cryptococcal meningitis in AIDS pts and candida | gnecomastia, decrease p450, fever chills |
| ketoconazole | antifungal: Azoles; decreases ergosterol synthesis; Tx mycosis, blastomyces, coccidioides, histoplasma, cnadida, hypercortisolis | gnecomastia, decrease p450, fever chills |
| clotirmazole | antifungal: Azoles; decreases ergosterol synthesis; Tx mycosis | gnecomastia, decrease p450, fever chills |
| miconazole | antifungal: Azoles; decreases ergosterol synthesis; Tx mycosis | gnecomastia, decrease p450, fever chills |
| itraconazole | antifungal; Azole: decreases ergosterol synthesis; Tx mycosis | gynecomastia, decreases P450, fever, chills |
| amantadine | antiviral: blocks viral penetration;Tx propylaxis for Influenza A, Parkinsons | ataxia, dizzy, slurred speech |
| anamivir, oseltamivir | antiviral; Tx influenza A and B | (blank) |
| Ribavirin | antiviral: inhibits sythesis of quanine: Tx RSV, chronic Hepatits C | teratogen |
| acyclovir | antiviral: Tx HSV, VZV, EBV, prophylaxis in immunocompromised | delirium, tremor, pehrotoxic |
| ganclycovir | antiviral: inhibits CMV DNA polymerase; Tx CMV | leucopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia |
| foscarnet | antiviral: DNA polymerase inhibitor; Tx CMV retinitis in immunocompromised pts when ganciclovir fails | nephrotoxic |
| saquinavir | HIV: protease inhibitor | (blank) |
| ritonavir | HIV: protease inhibitor | (blank) |
| indinavir | HIV: protease inhibitor | thrombocytopenia |
| nelfinavir | HIV: protease inhibitor | (blank) |
| amprenavir | HIV: protease inhibitor | (blank) |
| zidovudine (AZT) | HIV: reverse transcriptase inhibitors nucleosides | (blank) |
| didanozine | HIV: reverse transcriptase inhibitors nucleosides | (blank) |
| zalcitabine | HIV: reverse transcriptase inhibitors nucleosides | (blank) |
| stauvudine | HIV: reverse transcriptase inhibitors nucleosides | (blank) |
| lamivudine | HIV: reverse transcriptase inhibitors nucleosides | (blank) |
| abacavir | HIV: reverse transcriptase inhibitors nucleosides | (blank) |
| nevirapine | HIV: non nucleosides | bone marrow suppression, lactic acidosis, rash, megoblastic anemia |
| delavirdine | HIV: non nucleosides | bone marrow suppression, lactic acidosis, rash, megoblastic anemia |
| efavirenz | HIV: non nucleosides | bone marrow suppression, lactic acidosis, rash, megoblastic anemia |
| ivermectin | antiparasitic; Tx onchorcerciasis (river blindness) | (blank) |
| mebendazole/thibendazole | antiparasitic: Tx nematode/roundworm infestations | (blank) |
| pyrantel pamoate | antiparasitic: Tx ascaris, hook worm, enterobius (pinworm) | (blank) |
| praziquantel | antiparasitic; Tx trematode/ fluke/ schistosomes, pargonimus, clonorchis | (blank) |
| niclosamide | antiparastic: Tx cestode, diphyllobothrium, tenia | (blank) |
| pentavalent antimony | antiparasitic: Tx leishmaniasis | (blank) |
| chloroquine and quinines | antiparasitic; Tx malaria | (blank) |
| primaquine | antiparasitic: Tx plasmodium v, P ovale | (blank) |
| metronidazole | antiparasitic: Tx giardia, entamoeba, histolytica, garnerella v., trichomonas | (blank) |
| pentamidine | antparasitic; Tx pneumoncystis carinii peumonia prophylaxis | (blank) |
| nifurtimox | antiparasitic: Tx Chagas = american trypanosomiasis = T cruzi | (blank) |
| suramin | antiparasitic: Tx African trypanosomiasis = sleeping sickness | (blank) |
| bethanecol | autonomics: cholinomimetis; DIRECT AGONIST = STIMULATE THE ACH RECEPTORS; increache Ach = increase muscarinic = increase parasympathetic = increase DUMBBELSS; tX POST OP ILEUS AND URNINARY RETENTION | (blank) |
| carbachol, pilocarpine | autonomics: cholinomimetis; DIRECT AGONIST = STIMULATE THE ACH RECEPTORS; increache Ach = increase muscarinic = increase parasympathetic = increase DUMBBELSS; TX GLAUCOMA | (blank) |
| neostigmine | Autonomic: cholinomimetics; INDIRECT AGONIST = decrease Ach-ase = increase Ach; TX ILEUS, MYASTHENIA GRAVIS | (blank) |
| pyridostigmine | Autonomic: cholinomimetics; INDIRECT AGONIST = decrease Ach-ase = increase Ach; TX MYASTHENIA GRAVIS | (blank) |
| edrophonium | Autonomic: cholinomimetics; INDIRECT AGONIST = decrease Ach-ase = increase Ach; USE TO DIAGNOSIS MYASTHENIA GRAVIS, SHORT ACTING | (blank) |
| physotigmine | Autonomic: cholinomimetics; INDIRECT AGONIST = decrease Ach-ase = increase Ach; TX GLAUCOMA AND ANTIDOTE FOR ATROPINE OVERDOSE | (blank) |
| echotiophate | Autonomic: cholinomimetics; INDIRECT AGONIST = decrease Ach-ase = increase Ach; TX GLAUCOMA | (blank) |
| paration and other organophosphates | Autonomic: cholinestease inhibitor poisoning: symptoms include diarrhea, urination, miosis, broncospasm, bradycardia, excitation of skeletal msucle and CNS, lacrimation, sweating, salivation ( increase dumbbelss); antidote = atropien plus pralidoxime | (blank) |
| atropine | autonomics: muscarinic cholinoreceptor blockers = decrease Ach = decrease parasympathetic (down and out); TX EYE TO PRODUCE MYDRIASIS (big pupil) | at toxicl levels see high temperature, high pulse, dry mouth, disorientated, constipated |
| bensotropine | autonomics: muscarinic cholinoreceptor blockers = decrease Ach = decrease parasympathetic (down and out); TX CNS, PARKINSONS | (blank) |
| scopolamine | autonomics: muscarinic cholinoreceptor blockers = decrease Ach = decrease parasympathetic (down and out); TX CNS, MOTION SICKNESS | (blank) |
| ipratropium | autonomics: muscarinic cholinoreceptor blockers = decrease Ach = decrease parasympathetic (down and out); TX RESPRIATORY, ASTHMA, COPD | (blank) |
| epinephrine | autonomic: sympathomimetic catecholamine; Tx open angle glaucoma, asthma, hypotension | (blank) |
| NE | autonomic: sympathomimetic catecholamine; Tx hypotension | (blank) |
| isoproterenol | autonomic: sympathomimetic catecholamine; Tx AV block | (blank) |
| dopamine | autonomic: sympathomimetic catecholamine; Tx shock, heart failure | (blank) |
| amphetamine | autonomic: sympathomimetic catecholamine; Tx narcolepsy, obesity, ADD | (blank) |
| ephedrine | autonomic: sympathomimetic catecholamine; Tx nasal decongestion, urinary incontinence, hypotension | (blank) |
| phenylephrine | autonomic: sympathomimetic catecholamine; Tx, use pupil dilator, to vasoconstrict, nasal decongestion | (blank) |
| albuterol, tervutaline | autonomic: sympathomimetic catecholamine; Tx asthma | (blank) |
| cocaine | autonomic: sympathomimetic catecholamine; causes vasoconstriction and local anesthesia | (blank) |
| clonidine | autonomic: sympathomimetic catecholamine; Tx HTN, especially with renal dx as it causes no decrease in blood flow to kidney | (blank) |
| phenoxbenzamine | autonomics: Non selective Alpha blocker; Tx pheochromocytoma | ortho static hypotension, reflex tachy |
| prazosin | autonomics: Alpha 1 selective; Tx hyptention, urinary retention in BPH | first dose orthostatic hypotension |
| terazosin | autonomics: Alpha 1 selective; Tx hyptention, urinary retention in BPH | first dose orthostatic hypotension |
| doxazosin | autonomics: Alpha 1 selective; Tx hyptention, urinary retention in BPH | first dose orthostatic hypotension |
| mirtazapine | autonomic: Alpha 2 selective; Tx depression | sedation, increased serum cholesterol, increased appetite |
| Beta Blockers | autonomic: decrease cardio output, decrease rennin secretion, decrease heart rate and contractility, leading to less O2 consumption, decrease mortality, TX MI CHF, ETC | impotency, worse asthma, CNS effects |
| acebutolol | autonomic: beta blocker cardio selective; | (blank) |
| metropolol | autonomic: beta blocker cardio selective; | (blank) |
| esmolol | autonomic: beta blocker cardio selective; Tx SVT | (blank) |
| betaxolol | autonomic: beta blocker cardio selective; | (blank) |
| atenolol | autonomic: beta blocker cardio selective; | (blank) |
| epinephrine | Glucoma: Tx open angle only, increases outflow of aqueous humor | (blank) |
| brimonidine | Glucoma: decreases aqueous humor synthesis | (blank) |
| timolol, betaxolol, cartelol | Glucoma: decreases aqueous humor secretion | (blank) |
| pilocarpine, carbechol, physostigmine, echothiopate | Glucoma: increase otuflow of aqueous humor, contract ciliary muscle and open trabecular meshwork | miosis, cyclospasm |
| prostaglandidn, latanoprost | Glucoma: increases outflow of aqueous humor | darkens color of the iris (browning) |
| increases glucose storage and K uptake | Insulin | hypoglycemia |
| increased glycolysis > decreased glucose | metformin | lactic acidosis |
| increases endogenous insulin | sulfonylureas: Tolbutamide, Chlorporpamide, Glyburide,Glipizide | disulfiram like effect |
| increases response to insulin | Glitazones: Pioglitazone, Rosiglitazone | weight gain |
| decrease hydrolysis of sugar > decreased postprandial | Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors: Acarbose, Miglitol | GI upset, hypoglycemia |
| Mirtazapine (Remeron) | Heterocyclic Antidepressant Tx: major depression MXN: alpha 2 antagonist, increased release of NE and 5Ht SE: increased cholesterol, increased appetitie | (blank) |
| Selegiline | MAO inhibitor: antidepressant TX: phobias, hypochondria, depression SE: HTN crisis if take with tyrimine foods as well as with meperidine; contraindicated with SSRIs or Beta agonists, Contra in suicide pts | (blank) |
| Nitropursside | Vasodilator, anthypertensive; SE: cyanide toxicity | (blank) |
| Loperimide | GI: good for non infectious diarrhea (opiate analog) | (blank) |
| Terazosin | alpha blocker, treats BPH | (blank) |
| Finasteride | decreased 5 alpha reductase, Tx BPH | (blank) |
| Magnesioum sulfate | Used to decrease seizures in a pregnant woman with ecclapmsia used to buy time while she is having labor induced | (blank) |
| Tetracyclines: What is the SE of expired tetracylines | Fanconis syndrome, decreased proximal tuvular kindy function, polyuris, dehydration, rickets, growth failur, acidosis, hypokalemia, assoc. w/ Wilsons Dx | (blank) |
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mhj700
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