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NitrogenCycle

QuestionAnswer
What is nitrogen fixation? The process of converting nitrogen gas in the air into ammonia.
Which organisms carry out nitrogen fixation? Bacteria found in the root nodules of leguminous plants.
What is a mutualistic relationship? A relationship where both organisms gain some benefit.
What is ammonification? The process of nitrogen compounds in dead organic matter being converted into ammonium compounds by decomposers.
Apart from dead organic matter, what else is used in ammonification? Animal waste
What is nitrification? The process of converting ammonium compounds in the soil into nitrites and then nitrates.
Which organisms carry out nitrification? Nitrifying bacteria such as Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter
What is denitrification? The process of converting nitrates in the soil into nitrogen gas.
How do the bacteria convert the nitrates into nitrogen gas? They use the nitrates to carry out respiration.
What conditions are necessary for denitrification? Anaerobic such as in waterlogged soils
What are nitrates used for in organisms? To make proteins and nucleic acids
What is leaching? When water soluble compounds are washed away into nearby waterways.
What is eutrophication? What occurs after nitrogen based fertiliser has been washed off a field and into a nearby waterway.
What does the nitrogen fertiliser cause to happen in the water? An algal bloom
Why is the algal bloom bad for the water? The aquatic plants die because they cannot get enough light to photosynthesise.
What happens to the dead organic plant matter? It is broken down by decomposers.
Why are the decomposers bad for the water? They use a lot of oxygen for aerobic respiration, meaning there is not enough oxygen for the aquatic animals to respire.
What happens to the aquatic animals? They die because they cannot respire.
Created by: AnnabelS
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