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cell life cycle
a&p
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cell life cycle | the series of changes a cell goes through from the time it is formed until it divides |
| Interphase | period in which the cell grows and carries on its ususal metabolic activities (metabolic phase) |
| Cell division | time when the cell reproduces its self |
| stages of mitosis | (PMAT)Prophase, metaphase,anaphase,telophase |
| Mitosis | the formation of 2 daughter cells |
| Prophase | as cell division begins, the chromatin treads coil and shorten so that visible barlike bodies called chromosomes appear |
| Metaphase | in this short stage, chromasomes cluster and become alighned at the metaphase plate so that a straightline of chromasomes is seen |
| Anaphase | the centromes that have held the chromatide together split. chromatides (now called chromosomes again) begin to move slowly apart, drawn toward opposie ends of the cell |
| Telophase | essentially prophse in reverse. chromosomes at opposite ends uncoil to become thread like chromatin again, spindles break down and disappear a nuclear envelope forms around each chromatin mass, nucleoli appear in each daughter cell |
| Cytokinesis | division of the cytoplasm, begins duringlate anaphase |
| cleavage furrow | appears over the midline of the spindle and evetually squeezes or pinches the original cytoplasmic mass into two parts |
| binucleated/multinuceated cells | in some cases the cytplasm does not divide, this condition leads to the formation of ________or______ cells (fairly common in the liver |
| DNA replication process | the precise trigger for DNA synthesis is unknown. rhe process begins as DNA uncoils and gradually separates into its two nucleotides,the strands then serve as templates for building new nucleotides |
| Complimentry nucleotids | Adenine bonds with tymine guanine bonds with cytosine |
| Protein synthesis/protien polypeptide | DNA serve as the master bluprint for_________ __________ a gene is defined as a DNA segment that caries the information for building one____ or ______chain |
| Enzymes | biological catalysts that reulate chemical reations in the cell |
| rRNA (ribosomal RNA) | help form the ribosomes where proteins are built |
| tRNA (transfer RNA) | help transfer amino acids from outside the nucleus into the nucleus |
| mRNA (messenger RNA) | carry the instructions for protein synthesis |
| RNA | ribonucleic acid , functions as messenger and decoder for specify the structure of proteins to be built at the ribosomes |
| Amino acids | buildingblocks of proteins that are joined during protein synthesis (examples phenylalanine and glycine |
| Triplet code | three-base sequence specifying a particular amino acid on the DNA gene |
| Codons | coresponding 3 base sequences on mRNA to triplet code on DNA |
| Anticodon | recognize the mRNA codon "calling for" the amino acid they are toting they can do this because they have a special three base sequence called a _________ on their "head" that can bind to the complimentary codons |
| Ttranscription | involes the transfer of information from DNA's base sequence into the compimentary base sequence of mRNA |
| Translation | protein synthesis, the language of nucleic acids(base sequence)is changed to the language of proteins(amino acid sequence) |
Created by:
crackl
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