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Circ/Aer/Athlerscler
NP2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| an invasive test involving insertion of a catheter into the heart and surrounding vessels; obtains information about the structure and performance of the heart chambers and valves and the coronary circulation | cardiac catheterization |
| what allergies should you assess for preprocedure of a cardiac catheterization and may require the premedication of antihistamines and corticosteriouds to prevent a reaction? | iodine, shellfish, or radiopaque (contrast) dyes. |
| the pressure within the SVC; it reflects the pressure under which blood is returned to the SVC and RA; measured with a Central venous line in the SVC | Central Venous Pressure (CVP) |
| what is the normal range for central venous pressure (CVP)? | 3mmHg- 8mmHg |
| an invasive, nonsurgical technique in which one or more arteries is (are) dilated with a balloon catheter to open the vessel lumen and improve arterial blood flow? | Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) |
| a lazer probe is advanced through a cannula similar to that use for PTCA and vaporizes the plaque with heat to open the occluded artery | Laser-assisted angioplasty |
| used in conjunction with PTCA to provide a supporting scaffold to eliminate the risk of acute cornoary vessel closure and to improve long-term patency of the vessel; a balloon catheter bearing the stent is inserted into the coronary artery to deploy stent | Coronary artery stent |
| removal of plaque from a coronary artery by the use of a cutting chamber on the inserted catheter or a rotating blade that pulverizes the plaque | atherectomy |
| used for clients with widespread atherosclerosis involving vessels that are too small and numerous for replacement or balloon catheterization; performed with a small chest incision and lazer creates 20-24 channels through the ventricular muscle of the LV | transmyocardial revascularization |
| performed to increase arterial blood flow to the affected limb; arterial occlusion is bypassed above the superficial femoral arteries | arterial revascularization |
| occluded coronary arteries are bypassed with the clients own venous or arterial blood vessels | coronary artery bypass grafting |
| who is responsible for obtaining the consent for a surgery? | the surgeon |
| is it okay for sedation to be administered to the client before the consent is signed? | NO |
| who is responsible for making sure the client understands the procedure the surgeon has previously explain and is about to perform? | the nurse |
| what techniques are used to help prevent the development of pneumonia and atelectasis post-operatively? | deep-breathing and coughing and Incentive Spirometery |
| what is the purpose of foot and leg exercises post-operatively? | prevent venous stasis of blood and to vacilitated venous blood return |
| what is metformin and why should the medication be withheld for 48 hours prior to procedures that require contrast? | it is used in the management of type 2 diabetes and decreases hepatic glucose production and increases insulin sensitivity. it must be withheld because of the risk of lactic acidosis associated with the iodine dye |
| #1 priority for post-operative care is : | Respiratory |
| unless contraindicated, what position should the client be in to increase the size of the thorax for lung expansion after surgery? | low fowlers |
| about how long after a surgical procedure should a patient be voiding? | 6-8hrs |
| how often should a patient be monitored after a narcotic has been administered? | q30min |
| what foods should be eaten to encourage healing after surgery? | high in protein and vitamin c |
| an inflammation of the alveoli caused by an infectious process that may develop 3-5 days post-operatively as a result of infection, aspiration, or immobility | pneumonia |
| a collapse of the alveoli with retained mucous secretions; the most common postoperative complication, usually occuring 1-2 days postoperatively | atelectasis |
| factors that increase the risk of pneuomonia and atelectasis (6) | dyspnea, increased respiratory rate, crackles, elevated temperature, productive cough, chest pain |
| where is insulin secreted from? | in the pancreas by beta cells of the islets of Langerhans |
Created by:
nickijohnson07
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