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Barnett - Volcanoes

Barnett - Vocabulary Practice for Magma, Volcanoes, and Intrusive Material

QuestionAnswer
viscosity resistance of a substance to flow
felsic magma magma with a high silica content and large volume of gas (explosive eruptions)
mafic magma magma with a low silica and gas content (non explosive eruptions)
tephra solid material ejected from a volcano during an eruption
pyroclastic flow fast moving body of hot gas, ash, dust, and rock that travels down the side of a volcano
volcanic blocks solid material at least 64 mm in diameter ejected from a volcano
volcanic bombs partial molten material at least 64mm in diameter ejected from a volcano
gas from volcanoes water vapor, carbon dioxide, sulfur, and nitrogen
hot spot unusually hot region of the mantle which causes rock to melt, rise, and form a volcano
convergent boundary place where 2 tectonic plates are colliding - most volcanoes form at convergent boundaries
vent place where magma is escaping from the crust
crater bowl shaped depression around the vent
pipe where magma rises from the magma chamber to the vent
neck formed when the outside of a volcano erodes away and the solidified pipe remains
caldera top or side of a volcano collapses forming a large depression
lava plateau forms when magam escapes the Earth's crust through fissures (cracks) and builds a plateau
igneous rock any rock that forms when magma or lava solidifies
pluton intrusive igneous rock body
batholith largest pluton
laccolith mushroom shaped pluton, relatively small and close to surface
stock pluton with irregular shape, but smaller than a batholith
dike thin pluton that forms when magma enters a crack in rock; cuts through pre-existing material
sill thin pluton that forms between parallel layers of rock
felsic igneous rock igneous rock that contains mostly silica and is usually relatively light color and low density
mafic igneous rock igneous rock that contains mostly magnesium and iron and is usually dark in color and dense
intrusive igneous rock rock that cooled below earth's surface and has large (coarse) grains
extrusive igneous rock igneous rock that cooled outside the earth and has small (fine) grains
Created by: ebarnett
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