Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
ESPN LSIII CARDIO
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Barorecptors in the aortic arch and carotid sinuses respond to changes in the LSIII CARDIO | ARTERIAL PRESSURE |
| **Know this Sympathetic nervous system stimulation causes a release of the neurotransmitter ?? which causes the Heart rate to ??? and also causes vaso LSIII CARDIO | epinephrine increase vasoconstriction |
| Parasympathetic stimulation casuse the release of the neurotransmitter ?? which causes the Heart rate to ?? LSIII CARDIO | aceytocholine decrease |
| Stretc h receptors in the vena cav and tright atrium respond to changes in LSIII CARDIO | blood pressure |
| Increase in blood volume result in ??? ADH release LSIII CARDIO | decrease |
| Decrease in blood volume result in ??? ADH release LSIII CARDIO | increase |
| ADH is released by the __ gland LSIII CARDIO | pituitary |
| Renin is an enzyme secreted by the _____- LSIII CARDIO | kidney |
| Increases in renin secretion will ?? the blood pressure LSIII Cardio | Increase |
| Write the formula for determining cardiac output: LSIII Cardio | CO = SV or HR |
| **Know this What is the heart's natural pacemaker & where is it located LSIII Cardio | SA nod - top of right atrium |
| If the natural pacemaker fails, what other area of the heart can initiate an impulse LSIII Cardio | Any cardiac muscle tissue, any cell (AV node would start if not any cell) |
| **Know this What needs to be monitored on an extremity that was used for cardiac catheterization LSIII Cardio | peripheral pulses |
| **Know this Any cell of the heart can cause a beat True or false LSIII Cardio | true |
| Define CAD | Group of disease that prevent coronary heart from getting enough oxygen |
| List 4 meds commonly used to treat CAD and briefly describe their action | nitro - decreases workload and vasoldilation lopressor - slows heart rate digoxin increases force of concentration lasix - removes fluid |
| List 4 meds commonly used to treat CAD and briefly describe their action | calcium channel blockers beta blockers cholesterol lowering agents |
| List 5 surgical treadtements for CAD and breifly describe what they are | CABG |
| List 5 surgical treatments for CAD and breifly describe what they are | Aplasty |
| List 5 surgical treadtements for CAD and breifly describe what they are | PTCA |
| List 5 surgical treadtements for CAD and breifly describe what they are | Stent |
| List 5 surgical treatements for CAD and breifly describe what they are | |
| What is the cause ofthe s/s associated with angina | Ischemia do to lack of O2 |
| Describe the characteristics and location of the pain associated with Angina: | |
| Cardiac enzymes will be normal because no damage with Angina | |
| How do vasoldilators and beta blockers help with S/S of angina | Open vessels to increase O2 to heart |
| How does surgical treatment compare with CAD treatments | |
| KNOW THIS What causes angina | Lack of oxygen and blood flow to myocardinin |
| KNOW THIS How does regular exercise help minimize the damage done during an M.I. | muscle working collateral circulation |
| What happens to cardiac enzymes levels after an M.I. and why | They increase because of tissue |
| Waht happens to their WBC and why | They increase because they are cleaning up necrotic tissue |
| List 3 primary causes of an MI and indicate which one is the most common | #1 clot #2 sudden athrosclerotic block #3 Vasopspasms |
| Most MIs involve which part of the heart | Left ventricle |
| List the symptoms of an MI other than chest pain | increased cardiac enzymes |
| Why is a person more likely to have dysrhythmias following an MI | |
| Why is a person more likely to do into heart failure after an MI | damaged ventricle not going to contract correctly |
| KNOW THIS What is drug of choice for pain associated with MI | MORPHINE |
| What route should be given for the morphine associated with MI | IV Push because it works faster Don't give IM meds |
| **KNOW THIS How does regular exercise help minimize the damage done during an MI also called the silent killer | Keeps themuscle working , collateral circulation |
| KNOW THIS P-waves on the ECG represent what part of the cardiac cycle | atria contracting depolarization |
| The QRS complex represents | Ventricle contracting repolarization |
| T-waves represent | ventrical relaxing (repolarization) |
| What is the heart's pacemaker | the SA Node |
| The pain assoiciated with CAD is referred to as ?? & ??. which is a result of ?? caused by a decreased ?? | The pain associated with CAD is referred to as ANGINA PECTORIS, which is a result of ISCHEMA, caused by decreased OXYGEN |
| The pathophysiology of CAD is a narrowing or obstruction of the ?? arteries d/t ???? placques | The pathophysiology of CAD is a narrowing or obstruction of the CORONARY arteries d/t ATHEOSCLEROTIC placques |
| What should the nurse advise the patient with angina pectoris to do when experiencing pain | Rest sit Nitro 1 times every 5 minutes times 3 |
| The patient with angina whould learn to avoid activities that can trigger pain. What are some of these | Shoveling snow, exercise, stress, smoking, heavy meals |
| What are risk factors for developing CAD | Obesity , smoking, family history, increeased blood lipids, Diabetes mellitis |
| What kind of anesthesia does the patient receive when undergoing a cardiac catheterization | Conscious sedation - versed Loal at the insertion site |
| What needs to be monitored post op | VS, chest pain, peripheral edema, neuro vascular checks to extremities( checking to see if nerve still intact) |
| How does angioplasty relieve anginal pain | Opens artery so oxygen rich blood circulates in heart compresses plaques against wall |
| How does CABG (coronary artery bypass) relieve anginal pain | Saphenous vein used to bypass occluded arteries bypasses occluded arteriers |
| Nitrates relieve pain by | dilateing coronary arteries |
| Myocardial infarction occurs when the myocardial tissue is abrutly deprived of oxygen, causing | tissue death ischemia |
| What is the reason for doing cardiac enzymes/isoenzymes | Show that certain proteins are increased in blood d/t necrotic heart muscle |
| Describe the quality of the pain assoicated with an Mocardial Infarction | Crushing substernal radiating to the neck, jaws, left arm |
| What are other signs and symptoms of an M.I. | Shortness of breath throw up, nausea |
| Dysrhythmias frequently occur after an MI d.t | decreased myocardial pumping/ irritability of myocardium |
| Heart failure, cardiogenic shock, and pulmonary edema occur d/t | decreased cardiac output which decreases metabolism |
| Thrombophlebitis frequently occurs d.t | Prolonged bed rest and forced inactivity, venous stasis |
| How can thrombophlebitis be prevented | anticoag and passive ROM exercise, SCD's ted hose |
| KNOW THIS how can thrombophlebitis be prevented | SCD's and ted hose |
| Why is it important to obtain 12-lead ECG's to diagnose and M.I. | to see all he sides of heart function |
| with an M.I. the S-T segment will be what | Elevated |
| With Ischemia, the S-T segment will be | depressed |
| How is the pain associated with an M.I relieved? | Morphine |
| Why is rest so important in the acute phase of an M.I. | decreases oxygen needs and workload on heart |
| ***KNOW THIS The antidote for coumadin is | VITAMIN K |
| **KNOW THIS The antidote for heparin is | Protamine sulfate |
| The antidote for digoxin is | digoxin immune FAV (Digibind) |
| Pulmonary edema is the accumulation of ??? in the ??? | Pulmonary edema is the accumulation of fluid in the alveoli and lung tissue |
| What does the sputum look like in the client with pulmonary edema? | Pink frothy |
| What are other symptoms of pulmonary edema | crackles, hypoxia |
| What are 6 medications types that may be used to treat pulmonary edema | Lasix - diuretics, morphine, nitro, lanoxin Loop diuretics, morphine, lanoxin = makes heart contract harder |
| What kind of diet will the patient with CHF be on | Low sodium, and low fat high potassium |
| What are 2 common side effects of beta blockers drugs that the nurse should assess for prior to administering the drug | Decrease pulse, decrease blood pressure bradycardia and hypotension |
| **Know this Can you give beta blockers to an asthma patient | Never give asthma patients beta blockers |
| The immediate treatment for ventricular fibrillation is | defibrillate CPR |
| What is the treatment for atrial fibrillation | pacemaker, anticoagulant, cardioversion and anti thrombolytics |
| **KNOW THIS What drug is used to treat ventricular fibrillation | Lidocaine |
| ** KNOW THIS How does Lidocaine work | suppresses impulse that triggers dysrhythmias |
| What ddrug is commonly used when the patient's heart rate is too low | atrophine |
| What is the normal cardiac output (number of ml) | 3600 ml. |
| What is the formula used to determin it | CO = stroke volume x HR |
| What is the normal ejection fraction | greater than 60% approximate 70% of blood volume in heart |
| How do ACE inhibitors help treat CHF | act as anti hypertensive to decrease peripheral arterial resistance and improve cardiac output |
| What is the definition of hypertensions | Blood pressure greater than 140/90 consectutive |
| What is the most common form of hypertension | Essential primary |
| What risk factors are associated wih hypertension | age, gender, race, history, smoking, obesitiy, stress, oral contraceptives, cholesterol |
| Name 5 classes of hypertension | Diuretics help rid the body of ecess fluid to help increase BP Beta Blockers - adrenergic stimulation and myocardial O2 demand |
| Name 5 classes of hypertension | ACE Inhib lower peropheral arterial resistance and improve cardiac output Calcium Channel Block - Increase coronary artery blood supply and lower myocardial O2 demands Angion Blockers lower effects of angio recep sites such as vasc.sm muscle & adrendals |
| What are complicarions that may occur from untreated sustained hypertension | Organ damage, stroke, MI, TIA, increase risk of stroke, MI |
| **Know This What are signs and symptoms of Hypertension | H/A, dizzy, ringing ears, blurrred vision, epitaxis, BP 140/90 consistently |
| What are s/s of venous stasis in the legs? | leg pain, ede,a, color, temp, dark pigmentation |
| What are vericose veis | tortuous dilated vein with incompetant valves |
| Define Phlebitis | Supeficial veins are irritated and inflammed d/t IV catheter venipuncture |
| Define Thrombophlebitis | inflammation of vein in conjunction with formation of a thrombus |
| Define DVT | development of thrombus in deep vein of extremity cause break off and travel to lungs = Pulmonary embolism dangerous |
| What are risk factors associated ith Phlebitis, Thrombophlebitis and DVT | |
| **KNOW THIS What is Buerger's disease (thromboangitis obliterans) | occlusive vascular condition small and medium arteries become inflammed and thrombotic |
| **KNOW THIS What is #1 risk factor in Phlebitis, DVT, thrombophlebitis | smoking |
| **Know this What is #1 s/s of phlebitis, DVT, thrombophlebitis | sensitive to cold |
| KNOW THIS What is raynaud's disease | intermittant attcks of ischemia caused by cold or emotional stimuli |
| KNOW THIS What teaching needs to be done with client with Raynaud's disease | No smoking decrease stress and wear gloves with cold objects |
| What needs to be monitored when the Dr. orders "neuro circ checks" following femerol bypass or abdominal aortic aneuriysm repair | |
| **KNOW THIS What is Buerger's disease (thromboangitis obliterans) | occlusive vascular condition small and medium arteries become inflammed and thrombotic |
| **KNOW THIS What is #1 risk factor in Phlebitis, DVT, thrombophlebitis | smoking |
| **Know this What is #1 s/s of phlebitis, DVT, thrombophlebitis | sensitive to cold |
| KNOW THIS What is raynaud's disease | intermittant attcks of ischemia caused by cold or emotional stimuli |
| KNOW THIS What teaching needs to be done with client with Raynaud's disease | No smoking decrease stress and wear gloves with cold objects |
| What needs to be monitored when the Dr. orders "neuro circ checks" following femerol bypass or abdominal aortic aneuriysm repair | |
| **KNOW THIS What is Buerger's disease (thromboangitis obliterans) | occlusive vascular condition small and medium arteries become inflammed and thrombotic |
| **KNOW THIS What is #1 risk factor in Phlebitis, DVT, thrombophlebitis | smoking |
| **Know this What is #1 s/s of phlebitis, DVT, thrombophlebitis | sensitive to cold |
| KNOW THIS What is raynaud's disease | intermittant attcks of ischemia caused by cold or emotional stimuli |
| KNOW THIS What teaching needs to be done with client with Raynaud's disease | No smoking decrease stress and wear gloves with cold objects |
| What needs to be monitored when the Dr. orders "neuro circ checks" following femerol bypass or abdominal aortic aneuriysm repair | |
| **KNOW THIS What is Buerger's disease (thromboangitis obliterans) | occlusive vascular condition small and medium arteries become inflammed and thrombotic |
| **KNOW THIS What is #1 risk factor in Phlebitis, DVT, thrombophlebitis | smoking |
| **Know this What is #1 s/s of phlebitis, DVT, thrombophlebitis | sensitive to cold |
| KNOW THIS What is raynaud's disease | intermittant attcks of ischemia caused by cold or emotional stimuli |
| KNOW THIS What teaching needs to be done with client with Raynaud's disease | No smoking decrease stress and wear gloves with cold objects |
| What needs to be monitored when the Dr. orders "neuro circ checks" following femerol bypass or abdominal aortic aneuriysm repair | |
| **KNOW THIS What is Buerger's disease (thromboangitis obliterans) | occlusive vascular condition small and medium arteries become inflammed and thrombotic |
| **KNOW THIS What is #1 risk factor in Phlebitis, DVT, thrombophlebitis | smoking |
| **Know this What is #1 s/s of phlebitis, DVT, thrombophlebitis | sensitive to cold |
| KNOW THIS What is raynaud's disease | intermittant attcks of ischemia caused by cold or emotional stimuli |
| KNOW THIS What teaching needs to be done with client with Raynaud's disease | No smoking decrease stress and wear gloves with cold objects |
| What needs to be monitored when the Dr. orders "neuro circ checks" following femerol bypass or abdominal aortic aneuriysm repair | |
| **KNOW THIS What is Buerger's disease (thromboangitis obliterans) | occlusive vascular condition small and medium arteries become inflammed and thrombotic |
| **KNOW THIS What is #1 risk factor in Phlebitis, DVT, thrombophlebitis | smoking |
| **Know this What is #1 s/s of phlebitis, DVT, thrombophlebitis | sensitive to cold |
| KNOW THIS What is raynaud's disease | intermittant attcks of ischemia caused by cold or emotional stimuli |
| KNOW THIS What teaching needs to be done with client with Raynaud's disease | No smoking decrease stress and wear gloves with cold objects |
| What needs to be monitored when the Dr. orders "neuro circ checks" following femerol bypass or abdominal aortic aneuriysm repair | |
| **KNOW THIS What is Buerger's disease (thromboangitis obliterans) | occlusive vascular condition small and medium arteries become inflammed and thrombotic |
| **KNOW THIS What is #1 risk factor in Phlebitis, DVT, thrombophlebitis | smoking |
| **Know this What is #1 s/s of phlebitis, DVT, thrombophlebitis | sensitive to cold |
| KNOW THIS What is raynaud's disease | intermittant attcks of ischemia caused by cold or emotional stimuli |
| KNOW THIS What teaching needs to be done with client with Raynaud's disease | No smoking decrease stress and wear gloves with cold objects |
| What needs to be monitored when the Dr. orders "neuro circ checks" following femerol bypass or abdominal aortic aneuriysm repair | |
| **KNOW THIS What is Buerger's disease (thromboangitis obliterans) | occlusive vascular condition small and medium arteries become inflammed and thrombotic |
| **KNOW THIS What is #1 risk factor in Phlebitis, DVT, thrombophlebitis | smoking |
| **Know this What is #1 s/s of phlebitis, DVT, thrombophlebitis | sensitive to cold |
| KNOW THIS What is raynaud's disease | intermittant attcks of ischemia caused by cold or emotional stimuli |
| KNOW THIS What teaching needs to be done with client with Raynaud's disease | No smoking decrease stress and wear gloves with cold objects |
| What needs to be monitored when the Dr. orders "neuro circ checks" following femerol bypass or abdominal aortic aneuriysm repair | |
| **KNOW THIS What is Buerger's disease (thromboangitis obliterans) | occlusive vascular condition small and medium arteries become inflammed and thrombotic |
| **KNOW THIS What is #1 risk factor in Phlebitis, DVT, thrombophlebitis | smoking |
| **Know this What is #1 s/s of phlebitis, DVT, thrombophlebitis | sensitive to cold |
| KNOW THIS What is raynaud's disease | intermittant attcks of ischemia caused by cold or emotional stimuli |
| KNOW THIS What teaching needs to be done with client with Raynaud's disease | No smoking decrease stress and wear gloves with cold objects |
| What needs to be monitored when the Dr. orders "neuro circ checks" following femerol bypass or abdominal aortic aneuriysm repair | |
| **KNOW THIS What is Buerger's disease (thromboangitis obliterans) | occlusive vascular condition small and medium arteries become inflammed and thrombotic |
| **KNOW THIS What is #1 risk factor in Phlebitis, DVT, thrombophlebitis | smoking |
| **Know this What is #1 s/s of phlebitis, DVT, thrombophlebitis | sensitive to cold |
| KNOW THIS What is raynaud's disease | intermittant attcks of ischemia caused by cold or emotional stimuli |
| KNOW THIS What teaching needs to be done with client with Raynaud's disease | No smoking decrease stress and wear gloves with cold objects |
| What needs to be monitored when the Dr. orders "neuro circ checks" following femerol bypass or abdominal aortic aneuriysm repair | |
| What kind of teaching should you do for someone with arterial insufficieny in their legs | don't cross legs |
| **KNOW THIS What is intermittant claudication | Cramplike pain in calves caused by poor arterial circulation |
| What are risk factor for CVA | obesity, hypertension |
| **KNOW THIS What is the most common cause of CVA | thrombosis |
| **KNOW THIS If a patient suffers from left hemiparesis, what side of the brain did the stroke occur on | right side |
| What are the symptoms of a CVA | H/A, tingling, numbness |
| What is a TIA | transient ischemic attack cerebrovascular insufficiency with temporary episodes of neurological dysfunction varies in severity |
| test |
Created by:
gmabrender
Popular Nursing sets