Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
DIT 2009 WK 6
Q&A from DIT emailed questions WK 6
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Pathway by which light affects melatonin secretion | Suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) -> NE release -> pineal gland -> melatonin |
| What structures give rise to the glomerular filtration barrier? | Fenestrated capillary endothelium (size barrier), Fused basement membrane w/ heparin sulfate (negative charge barrier), epithelial layer consisting of podocyte foot processes |
| Which disease results from a loss of the negative charge glomerular filtration barrier? | Nephrotic syndrome – ie Minimal Change |
| Three symptoms of pellagra | Diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia |
| Causes of pellagra | Hartnup disease, malignant carcinoid syndrome, INH |
| What factors are considered when determining the loading dose and maintenance dose of a medication? | Bioavailability, target plasma concentration, volume of distribution |
| What are the two types of diabetes insipidus? | Nephrogenic and Central |
| What is the cause of Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus? | hereditary or 2nd to hypercalcemia, lithium, demeclocycline |
| What is the cause of Central Diabetes Insipidus? | pituitary tumor, trauma, surgery, histiocytosis X OR due to a lack of renal response to ADH |
| What is the cause of cystinuria? | Hereditary defect of renal tubular amino acid transporter for cysteine, ornithine, lysine, and arginine in the PCT |
| What is the treatment of cystinuria? | Acetazolamide to alkalinze the urine |
| What is the WAGR complex? | Wilms’ tumor – Aniridia – Genitourinary malformation - Retardation (motor-mental) |
| What two drugs are given to those with organophosphate poisoning? | Atropine and Pralidoxime |
| Common causes of eosinophilia? | Drugs, Neoplastic, Asthma, Allergic processes, Addison’s, Acute interstitial nephritis, Churg Strauss, Collagen vascular diseases, Parasites (Loffler’s) |
| What antibiotic has an MOA that blocks DNA topoisomerase? | Quinolones |
| What antibiotic has an MOA that blocks the synthesis of peptidoglycans | Bacitracin, Vancomycin |
| What antibiotic has an MOA that blocks nucleotide synthesis? | Sulfonamides, trimethoprim |
| What antibiotic has an MOA that block mRNA synthesis? | Rifampin |
| leading causes of death in ages 25-64 | Cancer, heart disease, injuries suicide, stroke |
| leading causes of death in ages 65+ | Heart disease, cancer, stroke, COPD, pneumonia, influenza |
| What are the risk factors for a fat embolus? | Associated with long bone fractures and liposuction |
| What are the risk factors for a pulmonary embolus? | Deep venous thrombosis |
| What is Virchow’s triad? | stasis, hypercoagulability, endothelial damage |
| What structures arise from the Mesonephric ducts? | Male internal structures (except prostate): Seminal vesicles, Epididymis, Ejaculatory duct, and Ductus deferens |
| Another name is given to the Mesonephric ducts? | Wolffian duct |
| Which lysosomal storage disease has a cherry spot on retina? | Tay-Sachs, Niemann-Pick |
| Which lysosomal storage disease has corneal clouding + mental retardation? | Hurler's Sx |
| Which lysosomal storage disease has no corneal clouding + mental retardation? | Hunter's Sx |
| Which lysosomal storage disease is a demyelinating disease that affects peripheral nerves? | Metachromatic leukodystrophy |
| Which lysosomal storage disease is known for having cells described as "crinkled paper cytoplasm" | Gaucher's |
| Which lysosomal storage disease has sphingomyelin buildup? | Niemmann-Pick |
| Which lysosomal storage disease is treated with dialysis? | Fabry's |
| Which lysosomal storage disease has accumulation of galactocerebroside in the brain? | Krabbe's (Globoid cells) |
| Which lysosomal storage disease has accumulation of glucocerebroside in the brain? | Gaucher's (severe bone pain) |
| Jones criteria for the diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever? | Major Criteria: Migratory polyarthritis, Carditis, Subcutaneous nodules (Aschoff bodies), Ertythema marginatum, Sydenham’s chorea (St. Vitus’ dance) |
| What are some of the extrapulmonary (peripheral hypoventilation) causes of restrictive lung disease? | poor muscular effort – polio, MG or poor structural apparatus – scoliosis, morbid obesity |
| Drug that can be used to treat carcinoid syndrome? | Octreotide – synthetic analog of somatostatin w/ a longer half life |
| What is "conscious" in Freudian psychoanalysis? | What one is aware of |
| What is "preconscious" in Freudian psychoanalysis? | What one is able to make conscious with efforts (memorizing a number) |
| What is "unconscious" in Freudian psychoanalysis? | What one is not aware of; the central goal of Freudian psychoanalysis is to make one aware of the hidden unconscious |
| Muscles of the rotator cuff? | Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, Subscapularis |
| What is Wernicke's aphasia? | Sensory (fluent/receptive) aphasia with poor comprehension, neologisms |
| What is Broca’s aphasia? | Motor (non-fluent/expressive) aphasia with good comprehension (above hippocampus) |
| What is conduction aphasia? | lesion in Arcuate fasciculus (connects Wernicke’s to Broca’s), good comprehension, fluent speech, but poor repetition |
Created by:
snezya24
Popular USMLE sets