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biology semester
bio studyguide for final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| science relies on | testing explanations |
| an educated guess to explain why or how something occurred, and may be disproven by a singe experiment | hypothesis |
| when enough experimental data supports a hypothesis, the hypothesis becomes an | theory |
| the three particles that make up a atoms are | protons neutrons electrons |
| protons + nuetrons | atomic mass |
| protons | atomic number |
| two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen | one molecule of water |
| what type of electron is available to form bonds | valence |
| when an atom loses electrons, a ________ ion is formed. | positive |
| in chemical reactions, atoms are | rearranged |
| amino acid, nucleotide, and glucose molecule | examples of monomers |
| enzymes affect the reactions in living cells by changing the | speed of the reaction |
| simple sugars make up starches, like amino acids make up | proteins |
| water molecules are polar, with the oxygen side being slightly negative and the hydrogen side being slightly | positive |
| the shared electrons of a water molecule spends more time around the oxygen than the hydrogen atoms, so the oxygen atom is | slightly negative |
| type of bond formed as the result of sharing an electron pair | covalent |
| the first level of a food chain is made up of | producers |
| species make up populations,populations make up | communities |
| each step in the transfer of energy and matter within a food web | trophic level |
| an animal that hunts and eats other animals could be called a | carnivore and consumer |
| photosynthesis, burning of fossil fuels, and decomposition of plants and animals are ways that __________ cycles through the biosphere. | carbon |
| what is not recycled in the biosphere? | energy |
| a natural phenomenon that maintains earth's temperature range | greenhouse effect |
| differences in latitude and angle of heating results in earth having three main | climate zones |
| drives the wind and ocean currents, causes winds that transport heat throughout the biosphere, and has important effects on earths climate regions | the unequal heating of earths surface |
| a biome is identified by its particular set of abiotic factors and its | characteristic ecological community |
| how is a wetland ecosystem different from a standing water ecosystem? | water does not always cover a wetland as it does in a standing-water ecosystem. |
| there are 150 saguaro cactus plants per square kilometer in a certain area of arizona desert. To which population characteristic does this information refer? | population density |
| in order for a population to grow, | the birthrate becomes higher than the death rate |
| in a logistic growth curve, exponential growth is the phase in which the population | grows quickly |
| if a population grows larger than the carrying capacity of the environment, the | death rate may rise |
| water lilies do not grow in desert sand because water availability to these plants in a desert is a | limiting factor |
| bacteria are | prokaryotes |
| type of cells that lack a nucleus | prokaryotes |
| where are ribosomes found in the cell? | cytoplasm |
| help provide the cell with energy? | mitochondria and chloroplasts |
| rough endoplasmic reticulum , Golgi apparatus, released from the cell | path of a protein in the cell |
| plants and fungi both possess a | cell wall |
| the cell membrane contains channels and pumps that help move materials from one side to the other. what are these channels and pumps made of? | proteins |
| when the concentration of molecules on both sides of a membrane in the same, the molecules will | move across the membrane in both directions |
| this means of a particle transport that requires an input of energy from the cell | active transport |
| an animal cell that is surrounded by fresh water will burst because the osmotic pressure causes | water to move into the cell |
| if the surface area of a cell increases 100 times, its volume increases about | 1000 times |
| the 4 phases of the cell cycle are | G1 S G2 M |
| the cell prepares for mitosis during the | G2 phase |
| sister chromotids are visible during | prophase and metaphase |
| chromosomes line up along the middle of the dividing cell during | metaphase |
| cancer is a disorder in which some cells have lost the ability to control their | growth rate |
| deoxyribose(sugar) phosphate group nitrogen base(adenine, guanine, or thymine) | components of a nucleotide of DNA |
| are found in both DNA and RNA | phosphate group, adenine,guanine, and cytosine |
| 3 nitrogen bases= 1 codon= 1 | amino acid |
| an organisms inherited traits depend on | proteins |
| some genes code for | enzymes |
| a mutation that involves one or a few nucleotides | point mutation |
| an organisms genes determine its | inherited traits |
Created by:
diamondthunder
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