Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Anatomy Semester I
Fall Semester I Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Yellow marrow is mostly _____ tissue. | Adipose |
| Becomes continuous with collagen fibers of tendons or ligaments. | Periosteum |
| Allows the flexible strength of bone. | Collagen |
| Break down bone | Osteoclasts |
| Mature bone | Lamellar bone |
| Type of lamellae found in osteons | Concentric lamellae |
| Cancellous bone consists of interconnecting rods or plates of bone | Trabeculae |
| Fracture in the 'shaft' of a bone is a break in the _____ | Diaphysis |
| Chronic vitamin D deficiency results in in bones becoming _____ and pliable | Soft |
| Gives rise to the flat bones of the skull | Intramembranous bone formation |
| Stimulates a burst of growth at puberty (females) | Estrogen |
| Process during bone repair which requires the longest period of time | Remodeling |
| Growth in length of a long bone occurs at the _____ | Epiphyseal plate |
| Rigid, strong bone is well suited for bearing weight and is the major _____ tissue of the body | Supporting |
| Strong bands of fibrous connective tissue that attaches bones together | Ligaments |
| The skull, or _____ , encloses and protects the brain | Cranium |
| The _____ surrounds the spinal cord | Vertebral column |
| _____ of skeletal muscles move the bones and allow overall body movement | Contraction |
| _____ , or adipose tissue, along with marrow is stored within bone cavities | Fat |
| Area of hyalin cartilage between the diaphysis and epiphysis | Epiphyseal plate |
| Connective tissue in spaces of cancellous bone or medullary cavity | Red marrow |
| Double layered connective tissue membrane covering outer surface of bone | Periosteum |
| Ends of a long bone | Epiphyses |
| Bone having many small spaces, found mainly in the epiphysis | Cancellous bone |
| Shaft of the bone | Diaphysis |
| Thin connective tissue membrane lining inner cavities of bone | Endosteum |
| Large cavity within the diaphysis | Medullary cavity |
| Dense bone with few internal spaces | Compact bone |
| Locations in the membrane where ossification begins | Centers of ossification |
| _____ from the pituitary gland increases general tissue growth | Growth hormone |
| Marked by ulceration and hemorrhage in almost any are of the body; vitamin C deficiency | Scurvy |
| Enlarging of chondrocytes | Hypertrophy |
| Necessary for normal absorption of calcium from the intestines | Vitamin D |
| Necessary for collagen synthesis by osteoblasts | Vitamin C |
| Has approximately the same shape as the bone that will later be formed | Cartilage model |
| Epiphyses increase in size because of growth at the _____ | Articular cartilage |
| Formation of new bone on the surface of older bone or cartilage | Appositional growth |
| Bone inflammation resulting from bacterial infection | Osteomyelitis |
| Canals that run perpendicular to long axis of the bone | Volkman's canals |
| Canals which run parallel to long axis of the bone | Haversion canals |
| Condition in which a person is abnormally short | Dwarfism |
| Condition of abnormally increases height in an individual | Giantism |
| Consists of single central canal, its contents and associated lamella and osteocytes | Osteon |
| Major disorder of decalcification usually seen in older adults | Osteoporosis |
| Spaces within trabecular are filled with _____ and blood vessels | Marrow |
| A person lying face upward | Supine |
| Closer to the point of attachment | Proximal |
| A structure below another | Inferior |
| A person lying face downward | Prone |
| Toward the left side of the body | Left |
| Toward the right side of the body | Right |
| Toward the surface | Superficial |
| Closer to the tail than another | Caudal |
| A structure above another | Superior |
| Back of the body | Posterior |
| Away from the surface | Deep |
| The front of the body | Anterior |
| Closer to the head than another | Cephalic |
| Farther from the point of attachment | Distal |
| Toward the body | Ventral |
| Cover the organs of the trunk cavities as well as lines the cavity itself | Serous membrane |
| Plane which runs parallel to the ground and divides the body into superior and inferior portions | Transverse |
| Surrounds each lung, which is covered by visceral pleura | Pleural cavity |
| Small space encased by the pelvic bones | Pelvic cavity |
| Membrane covering the organs | Visceral membrane |
| Membrane covering the cavity | Parietal membrane |
| Plane which runs vertically from right to left and divides the body into anterior and posterior parts | Frontal plane |
| Divides the thoracic cavity into right and left portions | Mediastinum |
| Interaction of particles to either form or break chemical bonds | Chemical reaction |
| Molecules are constantly in motion and therefore have _____ energy | Kinetic |
| Positively charged ions | Cations |
| Negatively charged ions | Anions |
| _____ of an element is the average mass of its naturally occurring isotopes | Atomic mass |
| Isotope of hydrogen which contains two neutrons | Tritium |
| Minimum amount of energy that must be present in order for a reaction to occur | Activation energy |
| Region where an electron is most likely to be found | Electron cloud |
| Substances that enter a reaction | Reactants |
| Substances that are produced in a reactions | Products |
| Positively charged particle within an atom | Proton |
| Negatively charged particle within an atom | Electron |
| Total of all catabolic and anabolic reactions taking place in the body | Metabolism |
| Smallest particle of an element that still has the chemical characteristics of that element | Atom |
| Number of protons in an atom | Atomic number |
| One atom attracts shared electrons more strongly than another atom | Polar covalent bone |
| Weak attractive force between two water molecules | Hydrogen bond |
| Cations and anions that dissociate in water | Electrolytes |
| Large molecules are broken down to form smaller molecules | Decomposition reaction |
| Energy stored within chemical bonds | Potential energy |
| Proteins which function as catalysts | Enzymes |
| Red blood cells in plasma is an example of a(n) _____ | Suspension |
| Basic units of triglycerides are glycerol and _____ | Fatty acids |
| Fatty acid which has one double covalent bond between carbon atoms | Monounsaturated |
| Structure of a protein which results from the folding of the helices or pleated sheets | Tertiary structure |
| Genetic material of cells | DNA |
| Amino acids are joined together by | Peptide bonds |
| There are currently _____ known elements | 112 |
| Capacity to do work | Energy |
| Energy that flows between objects that are different temperatures | Heat |
| Reaction which can proceed from reactants to products and vice verse | Reversible reaction |
| Mixture containing materials that separate from each other unless continuously physically blended | Suspension |
| Reaction in which water is a product | Dehydration reaction |
| Simplest type of matter with unique chemical properties | Element |
| All living and nonliving things are composed of _____ | Matter |
| Atom which has lost or gained one or more electrons | Ion |
| Allows us to see "through" parts of the cell | Transmission electron microscope |
| Allows us to see features of the cell surface and surfaces of internal structures | Scanning electron microscope |
| Allows us to visualize general features of cells | Light microscope |
| Substances inside the plasma membrane | Intracellular |
| Substances outside the plasma membrane | Extracellular |
| Charge difference across the plasma membrane | Membrane potential |
| Collection of glycolipids, glycoproteins, and carbohydrates on the outer surface of the plasma membrane | Glycocalyx |
| Water-loving | Hydrophilic |
| Water-fearing | Hydrophobic |
| Modern concept of the plasma membrane | Fluid mosaic model |
| Proteins which penetrate deeply into lipid bilayer | Intrinsic |
| Proteins attached to inner or outer surfaces of lipid bilayer | Extrinsic |
| Cell surface proteins that allow cells to identify one another | Marker molecules |
| Form tiny channels through plasma membrane | Channel proteins |
| Proteins in plasma membrane which an exposed receptor site | Receptor molecules |
| Integrins in the plasma membrane function as _____ | Attachment sites |
| Transports small pieces of matter across the plasma membrane | Vesicles |
| Filtration depends upon a _____ to transport materials | Pressure difference |
| Found outside the nucleus and inside the plasma membrane | Cytoplasm |
| Organelle in charge of producing large amounts of ATP | Mitochondria |
| A cell that synthesizes large amounts of protein for use outside the cell has large amount of _____ | Rough endoplasmic reticulum |
| Contains approximately half of the body's stored fat | Hypodermis |
| Layer of skin that replaces cells lost from the outer layer of the epidermis | Stratum basale |
| Function of melanin in the skin is to protect from _____ | UV radiation |
| Type of hair on the scalp, eyelids and eyebrows after birth | Terminal hair |
| Smooth muscles that produce "goose bumps" when they contract | Arrector pili |
| Stratum corneum of the nail fold grows onto the nail body as the _____ | Eponychium |
| Most of the nail is produced by the _____ | Nail matrix |
| Number of melanocytes in some localized areas o the skin increases with _____ | Age |
| Layer of skin that is composed of dense connective tissue and has projections called papillae | Dermis |
| Layer of dermis which shapes finger and footprints | Papillary layer |
| Dead cells with hard protein envelope filled with keratin | Cornified cells |
| Lipid filled, membrane bound organelles found within a stratum spinosum | Lamellar bodies |
| Mixture of keratin fibers and keratohyalin | Keratin |
| Term used to describe a group of pigments responsible for skin, hair and eye color | Melanin |
| Projections extending from dermis to epidermis | Papillae |
| Layer of epithelial tissue that rests on the dermis | Epidermis |
| Main layer of the dermis composed of dense irregular connective tissue | Reticular layer |
| Vesicles which are packaged full of melanin | Melanosomes |
| 2-5 layers of somewhat flattened, diamond shaped cells | Stratum granulosum |
| 25+ layers of dead cells filled with keratin | Stratum corneum |
| 8-10 layers of many-sided cells | Stratum spinosum |
| Deepest portion of the epidermis | Stratum basale |
| Participate in immune responses | Langerhans' cells |
| Specialized epidermal cells associated with nerve endings | Merkel's cells |
| Thin, clear zone composed of cells with indistinct boundaries | Stratum lucidum |
| Delicate, unpigmented hair | Lanugo |
| One characteristic common to all mammals | Hair |
| Single layer of cells that forms the hair surface | Cuticle |
| Responsible for producing hair and the internal epithelial root sheath | Matrix |
| Central axis of hair; soft keratin | Medulla |
| Expanded base of the hair root | Hair bulb |
| Forms the bulk of the hair; hard keratin | Cortex |
| Major glands of the skin are _____ and sweat glands | Sebaceous glands |
| Deals with the processes or functions of living things | Physiology |
| All chemical reactions taking place in an organism | Metabolism |
| Means nearer the attached end of a limb | Proximal |
| Part of the upper limb between the elbow and the wrist | Forearm |
| Patient with appendicitis usually has pain in the _____ quadrant of the body | Lower-right |
| The lungs are found within the ____ cavity | Thoracic |
| Consist of two layers of peritoneum fused together | Mesenteries |
| Describes the hip to the knee | Thigh |
| Existence and maintenance of relatively constant environment within the body | Homeostasis |
| Scientific discipline that investigates the body's structure | Anatomy |
| Study of the structural changes that occur between conception and adulthood | Developmental anatomy |
| Person standing erect with face directed forward, arms hanging at the side, palms direct forward | Anatomic position |
| Medical science dealing with all aspects of disease | Pathology |
| Focuses on changes in function, but also structure, caused by exercise | Exercise physiology |
| Uses x-rays, ultrasound, MRI and other tech. to create pictures of internal structures | Anatomic imaging |
| Study of structures that can be examined without the aid of a microscope | Gross anatomy |
| Specialized subunits within a cell that have specific functions contributing the life of the cell | Organelles |
| Cylindrically shaped extensions of the plasma membrane that do not move; function in absorption | Microvilli |
| If a cell is placed in a ____ solution, lysis of the cell may occur | Hypotonic |
| Ingestion of solid particles by forming vesicles | Phagocytosis |
| Produce large amounts of ATP | Mitochondria |
| Mature red bloo cells cannot | Synthesize protein |
| Integrins function as | Attachment sites |
| Organelle in which mRNA is synthesized | Nucleus |
| Rate of diffusion increases if the ____ of a solution decreases | Viscosity |
| Accounts |
Created by:
SavannahElkins
Popular Biology sets