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Unit 1 Bio
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| biology | the scientific study of living organisms and their interactions with the environment |
| reproduction | the process of producing offspring |
| energy | the capacity to do work |
| adaptation | the process of becoming adapted to an environment; an anatomical, physiological, or behavioral change that improves a population's ability to survive |
| development | the process by which an organism grows |
| cell | in biology, the smallest unit that can perform all life processes; cells are covered by a membrane and contain DNA and cytoplasm |
| homeostasis | the maintenance of a constant internal state in a changing environment; a constant internal state that is maintained in a changing environment by continually making adjustments to the internal and external environment |
| nucleic acid | an organic compound, either RNA or DNA, whose molecules are made up of one or two chains of nucleotides and carry genetic information |
| growth rate | an expression of the increase in the size of an organism or population over a given period of time |
| organization | arrangement: an organized structure for arranging or classifying; "he changed the arrangement of the topics"; "the facts were familiar but it was in the organization of them that he was original"; "he tried to understand their system of classification" |
| response | a result; "this situation developed in response to events in Africa" |
| stimulus | anything that causes a reaction or change in an organism or any part of an organism |
| biodiversity | the variety of organisms in a given area, the genetic variation within a population, the variety of species in a community, or the variety of communities in an ecosystem |
| biosphere | the part of Earth where life exists; includes all of the living organisms on Earth |
| ecosystem | a community of organisms and their abiotic environment |
| biome | a large region characterized by a specific type of climate and certain types of plant and animal communities |
| community | a group of various species that live in the same habitat and interact with each other |
| population | a group of organisms of the same species that live in a specific geographical area and interbreed |
| species | a group of organisms that are closely related and can mate to produce fertile offspring; also the level of classification below genus and above subspecies |
| domain | in a taxonomic system based on rRNA analysis, one of the three broad groups that all living things fall into |
| organism | a living thing; anything that can carry out life processes independently |
| abiotic | describes the nonliving part of the environment, including water, rocks, light, and temperature |
| abiotic factor | an environmental factor that is not associated with the activities of living organisms |
| biotic | describes living factors in the environment |
| biotic factor | an environmental factor that is associated with or results from the activities of living organisms |
| habitat | the place where an organism usually lives |
| niche | the unique position occupied by a species, both in terms of its physical use of its habitat and its function within an ecological community |
| unicellular | describes an organism that consists of a single cell |
| multicellular | describes a tissue, organ, or organism that is made of many cells |
| prokaryotic cell | a cell that does not have a nucleus or cell organelles; an example is a bacterial cell |
| eukaryotic cell | a cell that has a nucleus enclosed by a membrane, multiple chromosomes, and a mitotic cycle |
| immigration | the movement of an individual or a group to a new community or region |
| emigration | the movement of an individual or group out of its native area |
| symbiosis | a relationship in which two different organisms live in close association with each other |
| predation | an interaction between two species in which one species, the predator, feeds on the other species, the prey |
| carrying capacity | the largest population that an environment can support at any given time |
| limiting factor | an environmental factor that prevents an organism or population from reaching its full potential of distribution or activity |
| mutualism | a relationship between two species in which both species benefit |
| commensalism | a relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unaffected |
| parasitism | a relationship between two species in which one species, the parasite, benefits from the other species, the host, which is harmed |
| autotroph | an organism that produces its own nutrients from inorganic substances or from the environment instead of consuming other organisms |
| heterotroph | an organism that obtains organic food molecules by eating other organisms or their byproducts and that cannot synthesize organic compounds from inorganic materials |
| carnivore | an organism that eats animals |
| herbivore | an organism that eats only plants |
| detritivore | a consumer that feeds on dead plants and animals |
| producer | an organism that can make organic molecules from inorganic molecules; a photosynthetic or chemosynthetic autotroph that serves as the basic food source in an ecosystem |
| consumer | an organism that eats other organisms or organic matter instead of producing its own nutrients or obtaining nutrients from inorganic sources |
| scavenger | an animal that feeds on the bodies of dead animals |
| decomposer | an organism that feeds by breaking down organic matter from dead organisms; examples include bacteria and fungi |
| energy pyramid | a triangular diagram that shows an ecosystem's loss of energy, which results as energy passes through the ecosystem's food chain; each row in the pyramid represents a trophic (feeding) level in an ecosystem, and the area of a row represents the energy sto |
| food chain | the pathway of energy transfer through various stages as a result of the feeding patterns of a series of organisms |
| food web | a diagram that shows the feeding relationships between organisms in an ecosystem |
| trophic level | one of the steps in a food chain or food pyramid; examples include producers and primary, secondary, and tertiary consumers |
| carbon cycle | the movement of carbon from the nonliving environment into living things and back |
| water cycle | the continuous movement of water between the atmosphere, the land, and the oceans |
| cellular respiration | the process by which cells produce energy from carbohydrates; atmospheric oxygen combines with glucose to form water and carbon dioxide |
| photosynthesis | the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce carbohydrates and oxygen |
| chlorophyll | a green pigment that is present in most plant cells, that gives plants their characteristic green color, and that reacts with sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to form carbohydrates |
| pigment | a substance that gives another substance or a mixture its color |
| reactant | a substance or molecule that participates in a chemical reaction |
| product | a substance that forms in a chemical reaction |
| yield | the amount of crops produced per unit area |
Created by:
edenb124
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