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Human BIO 111

Final Exam

QuestionAnswer
What is the function of ADH? tells body to keep water
Define: sensory neuron brings info to the brain
Define: saltatory conduction myelin sheaths cause nerve cells to speed up
What is the function of calcitonin? Builds bone
What is the function of an artery? takes blood away from the heart
Define: myelin sheath covers the axon
Define: thrombin blood clotting
What is the function of melanocyte-stimulating hormone? melanin production
Define: slow-twitch muscle cells contract slowly, last long
What do the top and bottom #'s in a BP reading mean? top-systolic-contracting bottom-diastolic-resting
Define: fast-twitch muscle cells contract quickly, dont last very long
Define: atrioventricular (AV) node stimulate ventricles to contract
Define: stroke blood flow to the brain is cut off
What is the function of the semilunar valves? prevents blood backflow into the ventricles
What is the function of prolactin? milk production
What is the function of melatonin? sleep/wake cycle
Define: fibrin blood clotting
What are 3 way carbon dioxide is carried in the blood? hemoglobin, bicarbonate, dissolved in plasma
Define: anemia body doesnt transport oxygen well
Define: gray matter no myelin sheaths
Define: node of Ranvier space between the myelin sheaths
Define: hypothalamus regulates homeostasis
What are the functions of blood? carries materials, clotting mechanisms, regulates body temp, regulates acid-base balance, immune defenses
What is the function of arteriole? regulates blood pressure
Define: dendrite receives info
Where does the blood flow in the pulmonary circuit? to and from the lungs
Define: cerebrum largest part of the brain
Define: origin still bone muscle attaches to
What are the steps of generation of a nerve cell impulse? -50mV nerve resting +30mV action potential
Define: cerebral cortex outer layer of the cerebrum
How does the pressure of the chest cavity influence the movement of air during inhalation? size increases pressure decreases
Define: axon conducts nerve pulse
Define: hemophilia cannot clot blood
Define: insertion moveable bone muscle attaches to
Define: pacemaker starts heart contraction
Where does blood flow in the systemic circuit? to the body
Define: capillary bed lots of capillaries in the same area
What is the function of insulin? tels body to use sugar
Define: quadriplegic loss of all 4 limbs
What are the 3 layers of the meninges? dura mater, pia mater, arachnoid
Define: synapse connection between 2 nerve cells
Define: platelet plug blood clotting
What is the major function of the coronary arteries? feeds the heart muscle
Define: cell body controls
List the divisions of the CNS brain and spinal cord
List the divisions of the PNS found everywhere but the brain and spinal cord somatic-muscle movement autonomic-digestive system sympathetic-fight or flight parasympathetic-conserves energy
Define: limbic system emotions and memories
Define: synergistic pair 2 muscles that contract at the same direction
What is the function of a venule? takes blood to heart
Define: blood pressure force of blood the heart is pumping through the body
What is the function of oxytocin? milk production childbirth
Define: reticular activating system sorts out the imp and non-impt stimuli
What does actin and myosin do during muscle contraction? contract
Define: antagonistic pair 2 muscles that contract in different directions
What does tropomyosin do during muscle contraction? prevents muscle contraction
Define: corpus collosum connect 2 sides of the brain
Define: hemolytic disease RH- mother and a Rh+ baby
Define: eosinophils defends body against worms
What are the advantages of breathing through the nose instead of the mouth? filters, warms, moistens air
What causes Gigantism? too much growth hormone
Define: paraplegic loss of 2 limbs
How does the chest cavity pressure influence the movement of air during exhalation? sizes decreases pressure increases
Define: cerebrospinal fluid fluid covers brain and spinal cord
What does troponin do during muscle contraction? prevents muscle movement
Define: sinoatrial (SA) node stimulate atria to contract
Define: neutrophils the first white blood cell to site of infection
What is the function of a vein? brings blood to heart
How are gases transported into and out of the alveoli? diffusion
What do calcium ions do during muscle contractions? stimulate muscle contractions
Define: meninges 3 layers of connective tissue that protect the CNS
Define: motor neuron send info from brain to muscle
Define: lymphocytes T cells and B cells
Define: red blood cells transport oxygen
What is the function of glucagon? tells body to store sugar
What is the function of a capillary? exchange materials
What is the function of the human growth hormone? growth
Define: concussion pressure on the brain from a blow to the head
Define: high blood pressure BP is above normal
What are 2 functions of the lymphatic system? returns excess fluid to blood immune defenses
What 3 gases can hemoglobin transport? carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, oxygen
What is the function of testosterone? sex hormone (male)
What is in plasma? water and proteins
What is the function of the thyroid hormone? regulates metabolism
What causes Dwarfism? not enough growth horomone
What causes acromegaly? too much growth hormone
Define: interneuron connects sensory and motor neurons
Which node is considered the hearts pacemaker? SA node
Define: heart attack part of the heart muscle dies
What is the function of estrogen? sex hormone (female)
What is in formed elements? cells
Define: positive feedback loop increases production
What is the function of cortisol? stress hormone lowers inflammation
Define: blood-brain barrier prevents things from entering the brain
Define: negative feedback loop reverses production
Define: precapillary sphincter controls flow of blood into a capillary
What is the function of atrioventricular valves? prevents blood backflow into atria
Define: platelets blood clotting
Define: white matter has myelin sheaths
Why do veins and venules have valves? prevents blood backflow
Created by: stylishstylist
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