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VAHS Plant Parts
VAHS Bio Plant parts and their function
| Plant Part | Function |
|---|---|
| Mesophyll | a part of leaf where most photosynthesis takes place |
| Transpiration | water loss of a plant through its leaves |
| Stomata | allows the exchange of CO2, water vapor, and o2 into and out of the leaf |
| Anther | where the pollen is formed |
| Petiole | attaches a leaf to a stem |
| Sepal | a leaf-like outer flower part that protects growing parts of a plant |
| Vascular tissue | transports solutions within the leaf |
| Cuticle | waxy, waterproof layer of a leaf |
| Cambium | growth tissue that addsto the diameter of a plant |
| Stamen | the male structure of the plant, includes the anther and filament |
| Chloroplast | contains chlorophyll to capture the sun’s energy |
| Blade | broad flat section of a leaf |
| Guard cells | regulates the stomata of a leaf |
| Petal | leaf-like colorful part of a flower used to attract pollinators |
| thigmotropism | a plant response to touch |
| calcium | a mineral needed for cell wall strength and cell metabolism |
| magnesium | a mineral that is important for chlorophyll manufacturing |
| Dicot | the group of angiosperms that have two parts to their seeds |
| Monocot | the group of angiospemrs that have one part to their seeds |
| Angiosperms | seed plants with flowers and fruit |
| Dormant | A resting stage some seeds go through while waiting for the correct conditions to grow |
| Filament | Part of the stamen that holds the anther up. |
| Gymnosperms | seed plants with cones and no flowers |
| Leaves | the photosynthetic structures that provide food for the plant |
| Ovary | female-swollen base of the pistil that produces the eggs |
| Petals | colorful part of the flower that attracts insects and birds to pollinate the flower |
| Petiole | the part of the leaf that connects it to the tree |
| Pistil | Female part of the flower |
| Pollination | Process where pollen moves from the stamen to the pistil of the flower |
| Sepals | part of the flower that protects it before it blooms / a leaf-like outer flower part that protects growing parts of a plant |
| Sessile | (blank) |
| Stamen | Male part of the flower |
| Stigma | Female- Sticky part of the pistil that collects the pollen |
| Style | Female- The part of the pistil that connects the stigma to the ovary |
| Tropism | a pattern of growth in plants |
| Gravitropism | Pattern of growth in response to gravity |
| thigmatropism | a plant response to touch |
| Phototropism | Pattern of growth in response to light |
| evaporation | process where liquid state changes to gas or vapor |
| Photosynthesis | The process by which green plants make carbohydrates such as sugar, using water, carbon dioxide, and sunlight. |
| Thylakoid | the photosynthetic membranes in the chloroplast which look like flattened stacks |
| Grana | stacked thylakoids, in the chloroplasts, at which the light reactions of photosynthesis take place. |
| Auxin- | promotes growth, especially root growth |
| Gibberellin | breaks dormancy, promotes height / growth |
| Ethylene | ripens fruit |
| Cytokinin | controls fruit growth |
| Abscisic acid | responds to water or climate, causes defensive reaction, leaves to fall |
| Plant Growth: Meristem | actively dividing cells giving rise to new tissues. |
| Plant Growth: Apical | At the apex. Refers to a leaf or bud at the tip of a stem |
| Plant Growth: Axillary | coming from the joint of a leaf and the stem. |
| Plant Growth: Secondary growth | Type of growth characterized by an increase in thickness of stem |
| Plant Growth: Cambium | growth tissue that adds to the diameter of a plant |
| Plant Growth: Xylem | vascular tissue that carries water and minerals |
| Plant Growth: Phloem | Vascular tissue that carries food made in the leaves to other parts of the plant |
| Plant Growth: Essential plant nutrients | The primary nutrients are nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). |
| Plant Growth: Essential plant nutrients- Nitrogen: | for chlorophyll and high yeild |
| Plant Growth: Essential plant nutrients- Phosphorus | root growth, blooming, energy (sugar) |
| Plant Growth: Essential plant nutrients- Potassium | water, transpiration, resist disease |
| Plant Pigments: functions of Chlorophyll A (green) | absorb light from spectrum for all colors except difficulty with green |
| Plant Pigments: functions of Chlorophyll B (red) | absorbs different spectrum of light, with difficulty in reds |
| Plant Pigments: functions of Carotenoid | play a part in photosynthesis, give plants color, like carrots. Impt for vertebrates, produce free-radicals, help immune system |
| Plant Pigments: functions of Xanthophylls | yellow color, shows when the green is gone in fall. Accessory pigments, used in photosynthesis to absorb different spectrum of light. |
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