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Newnam-1st Sem Vocab
Fall Semester Vocabulary Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Proton | positively charged and found in nucleus |
| Neutron | neutral or no charge and found in the nucleus |
| Electron | negatively charged and located in electron cloud |
| Atomic Number | Number of protons in nucleus of each atom of that element |
| Periodic Table of Elements | Chart to organize and display known elements; in order by atomic number |
| Group | Columns on periodic table;also known as “families”;Elements have similar chemical and physical properties & same number of valence electrons |
| Metals | Shiny, good conductors, mostly solids, malleable (can be shaped) & ductile (can be drawn into wires), located on left and center of periodic table |
| Chemical Symbol | One or two letter code that stands for the element on the periodic table |
| Chemical Formula | Way of describing the elements and number of atoms that make up one molecule of a compound using symbols, subscripts, and coefficients |
| Coefficient | Number placed in front of a formula to balance an equation |
| Chemical Reaction | The process by which atoms of one or more substances are rearranged to form different substances |
| Reactants | Starting substances in chemical reaction |
| Products | Substances formed during a chemical reaction |
| Law of Conservation of Mass | States that matter can neither be created nor destroyed, it can only change form |
| Force | A push or a pull |
| Speed | The distance traveled by an object in a given amount of time |
| Velocity | The speed of an object and its direction of motion |
| Acceleration | Change in speed or direction;Can be positive (speeding up) or negative (slowing down) |
| Balanced Forces | Equal in size and opposite in direction;Do not cause a change in motion |
| Unbalanced Forces | Always cause a change in motion;NOT equal in size or opposite in direction |
| Newton’s First Law | An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force |
| Newton’s Second Law | The greater the force applied to an object, the greater the acceleration; The smaller the mass of an object, the greater its acceleration when a force is applied; Force = Mass X Acceleration |
| Newton’s Third Law | For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction; Forces act in pairs |
| Star | Huge object in space made up of gas and giving off light and heat from nuclear reactions |
| Nuclear Fusion | nuclei of atoms are joined together, releasing energy that power stars like the sun |
| Apparent Magnitude | Measures how bright objects appear to us, not how bright they actually are |
| Absolute Magnitude | Measures the actual brightness of the object |
| Galaxy | A large group or cluster of stars in the universe |
| Comet | small body of rock, ice or cosmic dust; Give off gas and dust in the form of a tail as it passes close to the sun |
| Asteroids | Objects of rock, metal and ice that orbit the sun; most found between Mars and Jupiter |
| Electromagnetic Wave | made by vibrating electrons |
| Light Year | distance that light can travel in one year; used to measure distances in space |
Created by:
anewnam
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