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PS midterm
midterm
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| science | the knowledge obtained by observing natural events and conditions |
| data | raw information |
| observation | an act or instnace of noting |
| evolution | the world gradually developed |
| creationism | says that world was created in 6 days |
| irreducidly complex | is a pseudoscientific argument by proponents of intelligent design |
| bacterial Flagellan | is a tail-like projection that protrudes from the cell body of certain prokaryotic eurokaryotic cells |
| scientific method | refers to a body of techniques for investigating phenomena aquiring new knowledge |
| theistic evolution | the world gradually developed |
| intelligent deisgn | the world had to havd had a deisgner |
| hypothesis | a mere assumption or guess |
| qualitative data | is used to describe certain types of information |
| theory | refers to contemplation as opposed to action |
| quanitative data | os data measured on a numerial scale |
| law | is a system of rules usuall enforced through a set of institution |
| density | is defined as its mass per unit volume |
| mass | is a body of matter, usually of indefinite shape and often of considerable size |
| matter | is a general term for the substance of which all physical objects consist |
| measurement | a measured dimension |
| dimensional analysis | is a tool to find ro check relations among physical quantities by using their dimensions |
| scientific notation | also known as standard form or as exponential notation |
| elements | one class of substances that cannot be seperated into simplier substnaces by chemical means |
| compunds | composed of 2 or more parts elements, or ingredients |
| mixtures | an aggregate of 2 or more substances that are not chemically united and that exist in no fixed proportion to each other |
| pure substance | is any material with a definite chemical composition |
| density | diatomic molecules are molecules composed of 2 atoms |
| chemical property | is any of a material's properties that becomes evident during a chemical reaction |
| physical change | a change of matter from one form to antoher without a change in chemical properties |
| attractive | is an infleunce that causes a free body too undergo a change - its a type of force |
| temperature | is a physcial propety of omatter that quantitatively expresses the common notions of hot and cold |
| thermal energy | is a part of the total, internal energy of a thermodynomic system or sample of matter that results in the system's temperature |
| 4 states of matter | solid, liquid , gas, plasma |
| phase change | is a transformation of a thermodynamic system from one phase to another |
| Charles Law | is a gas law which describes how gases tend to expand when heated |
| Boyle's Law | is one ot the gas law and describes the inversely proportional relationship between the absolute pressure and volume of gas |
| law of definite proportions | states that a chemical compound always contains exactly the sam proportion of elements by mass |
| fission | the process by which a nuclues splits into 2 or more frequencies and releases neutrons and energy |
| fusion | the process which light nuclei combine at extremely high temperature |
| isotopes | an atom that has the same number of protons as the other atoms of the same elements |
| half life | the time required for half of a sample of a radioactive isotope to break down |
| part is a atom | nuclues consists of neutrons and protons with electrons flying around it |
| energy levels | the number of energy levels that are filled in an atom deoends on the number of electrons |
| electrons | a subatomic particle with a negative charge |
| protons | a subatomic particle with a positive charge |
| neutrons | a subatomic particle that has no charge |
| atomic mass | is the mass of a specific isotope of a given atom |
| atomic number | the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom |
| group number | is a vertical column in the periodic table |
| types of bonds formed | ionic bond, covalent bond, metalliac bond |
| ionic bond | the attractive force between oppositely charged ions the electrons are transferred from one atom to the other |
| covalent bond | a bond formed when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons |
| metalliac | a bond formed by the attraction between positively charged metal ions and the electrons around them |
| subscripts | the number that comes after the bond to tell you how many of them there is |
| octet rule | states that on the last valance electon ring has to be 8 |
| electron configuration | is the arrangement of elctrons in an atom |
| period number | the rows on the periodic table |
| valance electrons | the electrons in the outer energy level of an atom |
| electron dot notation | are diagrams that show the bonding between atoms of a molecule |
| signs of a chemical reaction | rust, carbon dioxide in water, leaves changins, burning |
Created by:
jdavid
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