Help
Options
Question
Side effects of Hematopoietic drugs
click to flip
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't know
Question
DMARDS
disease-modifying antirheumatoid drugs
disease-modifying antirheumatoid drugs
Remaining cards (44)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
final test pharm
Final test Pharm UTA Fall 2010 (part 2)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Side effects of Hematopoietic drugs | Bone pain (bigest) Gastrointestinal Fever Hypertension, thrombosis (with epoetin alpha) |
| DMARDS disease-modifying antirheumatoid drugs | Inmunomodulators decrease progression of disease Bone marrow suppression (SE * know) Methotrexate |
| Methotrexate (DMARDS) | Cause severe pain after second day Given once a week can depress bone marrow leading to anemia low WBCs low platelets |
| Hematopoietic drugs | decrease duration of anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocitopenia in those receiving chemotherapy enable hygher doses of chemo to be given No direct effect on cancer cells Improbe recovery on those patients having bone marrow transplant |
| Positive inotropic agents | Digixin ACE inhibitors ARB inhibitors B-blockers |
| Drugs for stable heart failure | B-blockers ACE inhibitors not congested state of HF |
| Drugs for congestive heart failure | Digoxin Diuretics Possitive inotropic drugs |
| Digoxin mechanism of action | inhibit the sodium/potassium ATPase pump leaving K+ out of cell Can cause bradicardia & AV blocks positive inotrope negative chronotrope and dromotrope Used only to improve quality of life |
| uses of digoxin | tachirhythmias A-fib |
| Digoxin Side effects | Narrow therapeutic index |
| Digoxin drug interactions | Food decrease bioavailability ginseng increase dix 75% Black licorite 4x NonK+ sparing diuretics increase Dix toxicity antiacids bile acids sques limit absorption lethal if given with B-bloker nonhydropiridine St. worth decrease dix levels |
| Digoxing formulations | diferent forulations have different bioavailabilities. tablets: 65% capsules 90-100% takes 7 hours to see effect if patient is Dix toxic ask if they had change formulations recently |
| Digoxin IV | push slowly over 5 min b/c bradicardia and hyputension half life of 2 days |
| Before giving Digoxin | check renal insuficiency BUN and creatine Check K+ level if high do not give Give on empty stomach check apical heart rate |
| Major reason for Digoxin toxicity | hypokalemia related diuretic therapy |
| S&S of digoxin toxicity | child= upset tummy fatigue, headache, dizziness,anorexia, seizure if extreme CARDIAC RHYTHM CHANGES |
| Digoxin antidote | Dilantin "phenotoin" DIGIBIND Give K+ |
| HOLD digoxin | if Heart Rate is below 60 |
| measurement of digoxin | measured in mcg need to be converted to mg for calculations |
| Therapeutic digoxin level | 0.5-0.8 |
| Thrombus | clot that stays where is originated |
| Embolus | clot that moves from its original position |
| Heparin mechanism of action "unfractionated heparin" | Inactivates thrombin preventing clot formation It only prevents new clot formation and keep existing clots from growing |
| when IV heparin is given | higher doses only to keep clot from enlarging post MI, during, and after treatment of DVT Stroke A-fib hemodialysis heart-lung bypass keep central cateter clear of clots |
| Administration of heparin | Bolus dose no more than 50-100 units x kg BOLUS between 1,500-2,500 units/hour INFUSION 20-30 units x min X KG flushing lines 10-100 units |
| Most severe side effect of heparin | Hemorrage Osteoporosis with long term HIT |
| heparin and HIT | usually after 4 days of therapy suspect hit if platelet count drop to less than 100,000 assess limbs, rash, fever, chills |
| Heparin drug interactions | ETOH increase risk of bleeding Aspirin will increase risk of bleeding Nitroglycerin and nicotine speed up metabolism less effect administer in a separate IV line |
| Antidote to heparin | Protamine sulfate |
| PTT Partial thromboplatin | Lab result for heparin patient normal PTT 30-40 seconds ideal with heparin 60-80 seconds check PTT every 24 hours if PTT over 100 stop for 1 hours and restart at lower dose |
| LMWH ow molecular weigh hepatin or fractionated heparin | can be used by patients at home inhibits factor Xa less binding issues PTT is not required All doses are give subcutaneously fewer problems than unfractionated |
| Coumadin "Warfarin" | Only PO Inhibits K depending cloting factors only prevention 99% protein bound low affinity patient usually start with heparin and go home with warfarin |
| Uses of warfarin | DTV A-fib "most common reason" Clotting dissorders Discontinued when PT/INR is in therapeutic range |
| side effects of Warfarin | bleeding under skin,or echymosis chills, rash, itching skin necrosis, GI distress |
| Warfarin drug interactions | glucocorticoids and aspirin increase bleeding Cold medications contain aspirin, Vit K " avoid on foods" Grape juice Estrogens and barbiturates decrease effectiveness "increase metabolism" BASs and antacids decrease absorption and level in the bod |
| Antidote for Warfarin toxicity | Vitamin K Give if INR over 20 and bleeding only on life-threatening situations as anaphylaxis can occur |
| PT and INR | PTprothrombin time "time it takes to get activated" INR international normalized ration universal standart of reporting pt results Patients in warfarin should be on a 2-3 INR Patients with liver failure will have an abnormal INR |
| wear medic alert device | patients on warfarin "coumadin" |
| antiplatelets | Aspirin the most common works by inhibiting TXA which decrease stickiness of platelets plavix used by CAD patients taken for prevention |
| Patients that should not receive thrombolitics | patients with intracraneal pathology, 3-6 moths prior of GI bleeding or surgery uncontrolled HTN |
| While giving thrombolitics | Coagulation labs, PT/INR, PTT CBCs look for anemia Check CBCs often |
| Herbs that increase risk of bleeding | Herbs that start with letter G Gingo Garlic Ginseng Ginser |
| PF4 antigen | Patients that test positive for this antigen will develop HIT if heparin is given |
| hepatin therapeutic range | 60-80 if high stop or reduce drip if low increase drip |
| Teach patient on warfarin | limit alcohol to 2 drinks x day be consistand with vit K foods atkin's/southbeach/green tea |
Created by:
EArteaga
Popular Pharmacology sets