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Geology Study
Geology study guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does coprolite tell us about North America and Siberia? | A land bridge connected the continents. |
| How much of the US was under ice? | 2/3 |
| How many mass extinctions has planet Earth faced? | 5 |
| What are the two main groups of sedimentary rocks? | Clastic and chemical/biochamical |
| Where deos most CaCO3 come from? | From skelital material in aquatic organisms decaying. |
| What is the most important agent of mechanical weathering? | Ice (frost action). |
| What are some other sources of weathering? | Tides, running water, wind, plants, and gravity. |
| What is chemical weathering? | chemical transformation of rock into one or more new compounds |
| What is erosion? | incorporation and transportationj of material by a mobile agent, such as water, wind, or ice |
| What is cechanical weathering? | physical disintigration of rock, resultingin smaller fragments |
| What animals are crinoids related to? | starfish, sand dollars, sea urchins, and sea cucumbers |
| What characteristics make crinoids animals? | eat plankton, have muscles, nerves,and reproductive system |
| What do crinoids eat? | plankton |
| What kind of rock wouldyou likely find crinoids fossilized in | limestone |
| how do well preserved crinoids form | rapid buriam by sediment such as during storms that stir up sea floor |
| What part of crinoids do you normally find? | columnals that make up the stem or stalk |
| how do we go about finding a whole crinoids? | locate paleozoic sedimentary rocks with obvious columnals |
| Where is mariana's trench | western pacific |
| how deep in the deepest part of the pacific ocean, and what is it's name? | 7miles, challenger deep |
| True of False: first appeared in the early mesozoic, about the same time as the dinosaure | False |
| What was the "Cambrian explosion" and what is its significance for the history of life? | it was an explosion of life with new plants and possible animals |
| What is one of the most important ways that a geologist know about Earth's history | Fossils |
| Usually you find fossils in sedimanty rocks. Why do you not find fossils in metamorphic and igneous rocks | the ways the form are noutconductive to fossils |
| What are native minerals? | minerals found in raw form |
| What is the definition of a rock? | solid aggregate or mass of minerals |
| Tell the diff between conglomerate and breccia | conglomerate rocks the pebles inside are rounded because of water erosion. breccia is so tightly compacted that theparticles make sharp edges |
| What is an unconformity? | surface that represents a break in the rock record: caused by erosion or non deposition |
| About 88% of the goelogic time scale is represented by the time span of called the | Precambrian |
| What continents did Gondwanaland consist of? | south america, africa, australia, india, antartica |
| Confining pressure | forces are applied equally in all directions |
| differential stress | forces that deform rock are unequal in all directions |
| foliation | any planar arrangemetn of mineral grains or structurial features |
| Slatey clevage | exilent splitting property |
| schistosity | planar or layered structure |
| gnessic | banded appearance |
| what is a mineral | inorganic, solid, and non-manmade |
| what properties do we use to identify minerals | mohs hardness scale, streak, fracture, cleabege, taste, color, hca test |
| what mineral is one of the softest | gypsm |
| Whatmineral besides a dimond is one of the hardest | quartz |
| What is the difference chemically between biotite and muscovite | biotite has iron, muchovite doesnt |
| Accoring to the book, what are the four uses of fossils | what animals were like, compare modern fomrs of life, traceformations, compare with rocks from other continetns |
| what is a mineral | inorganic, solid, and non-manmade |
| what properties do we use to identify minerals | mohs hardness scale, streak, fracture, cleabege, taste, color, hca test |
| what mineral is one of the softest | gypsm |
| Whatmineral besides a dimond is one of the hardest | quartz |
| What is the difference chemically between biotite and muscovite | biotite has iron, muchovite doesnt |
| Accoring to the book, what are the four uses of fossils | what animals were like, compare modern fomrs of life, traceformations, compare with rocks from other continetns |
| Crystallization | the formation and growth of a crystalline soldi from a liquid or gas |
| felsic | a=term derived from feldspar and silica |
| mafic | basaltic rocks contain a high percentage of ferromagnesian meinerals |
Created by:
Freddy160
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