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SemesterfinalBIOLOGY
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Osmosis? | diffusion of water through a selectivily permeable membrane |
| What is Diffusion? | when molecules move from an area more concentrated to an area less concentrated |
| What type of cell division produces gametes? | Meiosis |
| DNA is copied during a process called what? | Transcription |
| What type of electron is available to form bonds? | Valence electron |
| What is the first phase of Mitosis? | Prophase |
| What is the second phase of Mitosis? | Metaphase |
| What is the third phase of Mitosis? | Anaphase |
| What is the fourth phase of Mitosis? | Telephase |
| What are the three parts of interphase? | G1, S, and G2 |
| What do buffers do? | help prevent sharp, sudden changes in pH,neutrilizes. |
| What is chemical reaction? | a process that changes, or transforms one set of chemicals into another |
| What is a Diploid? | orgamisms that have two complete sets of chromosomes |
| What is Meosis? | the process of forming gametes |
| What do you call two chromosomes with the same shape and the same set of genes? | Homologous Pair |
| What are male gametes called? | Sperm |
| What are female gametes called? | Egg |
| What phase of Meiosis does Independent Assortment occure in? | in Metaphase 1 and Anaphase 1 |
| What are the three sources of genetic recombination? | Random Mating, Independent Assortment, and Crossing-over. |
| What is Genetic Recombination? | the shuffling of alleles into new and different combinations |
| What is Independent Assortment? | pairs of alleles separate independently during the formation of gametes |
| What are acids? | compound that forms hydrogen ions in solutions |
| what are bases? | compund that forms hydroxide ions in solutions |
| What are Mitochondria? | organelles that convert the chemical ebergy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use |
| what is the function of the cell membrane? | regulates what enters and leaves the cell, and also provides protection and support |
| What is a mixture? | a material composed of two or more elements or compounds that are physically mixed together but not chemically combined |
| what happens during translation? | the cell uses information from the messanger RNA to produce proteins |
| what is a gamete? | sex cells. |
| what are alleles? | they are different forms of a gene |
| what does Adenine bond with? | thymine |
| what does guanine bond with? | cytosine |
| what is a gene? | the sequence of DNA that codes for protein and thus determines the trait |
| What phase of Meiosis does crossing-over occure in? | prophase 1 |
| What is the charge of protons? | positive |
| what is the charge of electrons? | negative |
| what is the charge of neutrons? | neutral |
| What is the pH of acids? | 1-6 |
| what is the pH of bases? | 8-14 |
| what is a centromere? | area where the chromatids of the chromosome are attached |
| What are vacuoles? | a sack like structure that stores materials |
| What is the function of the golgi apparatus? | to modify, sort, and package proteins and other materials due from the ER, for storage in the cell or secretion outside the cell |
| what is the endoplasmic reticulum? | the site where lipid components of the cell memebrane are assembled along with proteins and other materials that are exported from the cell |
| What happens in a ribosome? | proteins are assembled |
| what are chloroplasts? | organelles that capture the energy from the sunlight and convert it into chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis |
| what do eukaryotes contain? | a nucleus in which their genetic material is seperated from the rest |
| do prokaryotes have a nucleus? | no |
| what is a cytoplasm? | a portion of the cell outside of the nucleus |
| what is a spindle? | a fan like microtubule structure that helps seperate the chromosomes |
| what do cyclins do? | regulate the timing of the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells |
| what does a codon consist of? | three consecutive nucleotides that specify a single amino acid that is added to the polypeptide |
Created by:
doublek!
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