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Science Review
Vocab review for final exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Density | mass per unit volume |
| Mass | the quantity of matter as determined from its weight or from Newton's 2nd law of motion |
| Volume | the amount of space, measured in cubic units, that an object or substance occupies |
| Ion | an electrically charged atom or group of atoms formed by the loss or gain of one or more electrons |
| Isotope | any of two or more forms of a chemical element, having the same number of protons in the nucleus, or the same atomic number, but having different numbers of neutrons in the nucleus, or different atomic weights |
| Transition Elements | any element in any series of elements with atomic numbers 21-29, 39-47, and 89-107, that in a given inner orbital has less than a full quota of electrons |
| Representative Elements | the metals of groups 1 & 2 are called the representative elements |
| Synthesis | the forming or building of a more complex substance or compound from elements or simpler compounds |
| Decomposition | the seperation of a chemical compound into elements or simpler compounds |
| Single Replacement | a single uncombined element replaces another in a compound |
| Double Replacement | the cations and anions of two different compounds switch places |
| Element Molecule | a molecule that has only one type of element in it |
| Compound Molecule | a molecule that has 1 or more different types of elements in it |
| Law of Conservation of Mass | matter canbe neither created nor destroyed |
| Reactant | any substance that undergoes a chemical change in a given reaction |
| Product | a substance obtained from another substance through chemical change |
| Chemical Equation | a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction |
| Chemical Formula | a way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound |
| Coefficient | a number placed in front of a term in a chemical equation to indicate how many molecules (or atoms) take part in the reaction |
| Subscript | the number of atoms in the preceding element |
| Atom | a basic unit of matter that consisits of a dense, central nucleus surrouded by a cloud of negativly charged electrons. the nucleus contaiins protons and neutrons. |
| Atomic Mass | average mass of atoms of an element |
| Atomic Number | the number of protons and electrons in an atom |
| Valence Electron | electron/electrons on the valence electron shell(the outermost shell) |
| Nucleus | the center of an atom that contains the protons and neutrons. electrons orbit the nucleus with a negative charge |
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j0203484
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