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DNA Replication

QuestionAnswer
is the transfer of genetic material between 2 bacteria through a bridge-like connection between the two cells called a sex pilus Bacterial conjugation
special plasmids that can integrate into host chromosomes Episome
mechanism for transfer of genetic information in bacteria through a cell surface receptor transformation
In DNA, the total abundance of purines is equal to the total abundance of pyrimidine Chargaff’s Rule
Purines Adenine Guanine
Pyrimidine • Cytosine • Thymine
Each parent strand serves as a template for a new strand Semiconservative replication
Enzyme that uses energy from ATP hydrolysis to unwind the DNA DNA helicase
Bind to unwound strands to keep them from re-associating into double helix Single-strand binding proteins
Adds nucleotides to the growing chain – Two substrates • Nucleotides – • Template DNA DNA polymerase
DNA polymerase cannot add new stands from scratch Starter strand – short single strand of RNA Primer
Synthesizes the RNA primer stand Primase
cut the DNA strand to alleviate the supercoiling and then ligate the DNA strands together •Topoisomerase
in eukaryotes the repetitive sequence at the end of the chromosome Telomere
DNA polymerase recognizing and removing improperly introduced nucleotides DNA proofreading
Occurs after the DNA is replicated • Second set of proteins survey the newly replicated molecules for mispaired bases Mismatch repair
the excision repair proteins excise the damaged base and some adjacent bases DNA polymerase1 adds the correct bases by 5 to 3 replication of the short strand Excision Repair
Created by: ksams7
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