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Epilepsy CSON
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Epilepsy is | condition of chronic seizures |
| Seizures are | group of irritated neurons that become depolorized and hypersensitive. therfore the |
| Partial seizure | envolves 1/2 of the brain, but can become generalized |
| Types of Partial seizures | simple, complex, and partial with generalization |
| Simple partial seizure | a localized type of partial seizure, without loss of consciousness; if it progresses to another type of seizure it is called an aura |
| Complex Partial Seizure | a type of partial seizure associated with disease of the temporal lobe and characterized by varying degrees of impairment of consciousness and automatisms, for which the patient is later amnestic |
| Generalized Seizure | envolves all of the brain |
| Types of Generalized Seizures | Abscence, Myoclonic, Tonic-Clonic, and Atonic |
| Absence Generalized Seizure | the seizure of absence epilepsy, marked by a momentary break in consciousness of thought or activity and accompanied by a symmetrical 3-cps spike and wave activity on the electroencephalogram |
| Myoclonic Generalized Seizure | one characterized by a brief episode of myoclonus (muscle twitching) |
| Tonic-Clonic | epileptic seizure characterized by generalized involuntary muscular contraction and cessation of respirations followed by tonic and clonic spasms. Breathing resumes w/noisy resp. Teeth may be clenched, tongue bitten, and control of bladder or bowel lost. |
| Atonic | an absence seizure characterized by sudden loss of muscle tone |
| Status Epilepticus | a medical emergency characterized by continuous seizures lasting more than 30 minutes without interruption |
| Status Epilepticus can be caused by... | the sudden withdrawal of anticonvulsant drugs, inadequate body levels of glucose, a brain tumor, a head injury, a high fever, or poisoning. |
| Therapy for Status Epilepticus | IV administration of anticonvulsant drugs, nutrients, and electrolytes. An adequate airway is usually maintained with a nasopharyngeal or endotracheal tube |
| Medications for Simple & Complex Seizures | Carbamazepine, Phenytoin, Valproate, Primadone, and Phenobarbital |
| Medications for Primary generalized tonic-clonic, absence, and atonic seizures | Valproate, Carbamazepine, Phenytoin, Clonazepam, and Levetiracetam |
| Seizure medications may | eliminate or reduce frequency of seizures, but cannot prevent or cure them |
| Surgical Tx for Epilepsy | Anterior Temporal Lobectomy, Lesionectomy, Corpus Callosotomy, and Hemispherectomy |
| What is the most common cause of seizure break through? | Noncompliance with medication |
| The % of those who acheive satisfactory control with their medication is... | 60-70% |
| Less than __% acheive control without side effects | 50% |
| In order to treat Epilepsy, you need to know... | exactly where the seizures are coming from |
Created by:
Heather.Nicole
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