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Chem Lab Review
CCM Chemistry Lab Final Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Absolute zero is equal to | -273°C, 0 K |
| Charles's Law | if a given quantity of gas is held at a constant pressure its volume is directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature |
| What does Charles Law describe | the behavior of any gaseous substance regardless of its identity |
| MSDS (definition) | Material Safety Data Sheet |
| MSDS Uses | cataloging information on chemicals instructions for safe use, tells potential hazards of particular material or products |
| MSDS meant for | Emergency responders, employees who may be occupationally exposed to a hazard at work, employees who need to know proper methods of storage |
| When using a balance, why are objects cooled before weighing | 1)Hot obj can cause convection currents and push up on the balance pan slightly 2)If obj is warm it will increase temp of air giving greater buoyancy to the obj making the reading less than actual 3)%moisture in sample =mass of moisture/mass sample x 1 |
| Ascorbic Acid | Vitamin C |
| Lack of Vitamin C results in | Muscle weakness, bleeding gums, loss of teeth, tired and depressed, bleeding under skin |
| Uses of ascorbic acid | Wound healing, strengthen blood vessel walls, not stored in body |
| Rates of chemical reactions can be lowered by | concentration, temperature, competing for a reactant or alter orientation, bonding or electron density |
| Rates of chemical reactions can be increased by | Catalyst (lower activation energy), increase pressure, stirring, intensity of light-the more absorbed, particles absorb more energy |
| Can % yield can be greater than 100%, can actual yield be more than theoretical yield | Other reasons: weigh products when not completely dry, contamination, if reaction is incomplete |
| Phosphoric acid | Catalyst in aspirin experiment |
| Acetylsalicylic acid | aspirin |
| Antacid (definition) | any substance generally a base or base salt which counteracts acid activity |
| Aluminum hydroxide | Maalox, Mylanta |
| Magnesium Hydroxide | milk of magnesia |
| Calcium Carbonate | tums, Rolaids |
| Sodium Carbonate | alka seltzer |
| How does the reaction with antacids and stomach acid work | hydrogen is displaced when antacids react with stomach acid (HCl) |
| Polymer (definition) | a large molecule composed of many smaller repeating units usually arranged in chains |
| Polymers can be used in | Synthetic- hair gels, conditioners; film Natural-nylon, natural rubber; polyvinyl chloride |
| Litmus paper is used for | pH indicator to test materials for acidity |
| Blue litmus turns _____ under acidic conditions | red |
| Red litmus paper turns ____ under basic conditions | blue |
| Neutral litmus is ____ in color | purple |
| Color changes occur over what pH range at what temperature | 4.5 to 8.3 @ 25°C |
Created by:
kallenpoole
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