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Anxiety
NP1 Unit 1 Anxiety Lecture
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Internal Stressors | "I have to be successful" Internal thoughts/beliefs |
| External Stressors | External influences |
| Developmental stressors | Normal life changes - aging, children leaving, etc. |
| Situational Stressors | Death in the family, war, medical crisis |
| T or F - Stress affects the entire person - all variables. | True. |
| How does stress affect the physiological variable? | Fatigue, trouble sleeping, unsteady voice, frequent urination, sweating, pale skin, headache |
| How does stress/anxiety effect the cardiovascular system? | Increased pulse, increased respirations, increased blood pressure, palpitations, chest pain |
| How does stress/anxiety affect the musculoskeletal system? | Clumsiness, repetitive movement, tremors, twitching, muscular tension |
| How does stress/anxiety affect the gastrointestinal system? | Heartburn, belching, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting. |
| How does stress/anxiety affect the psychological variable? | Preoccupied, negative attitude, depression, difficulty concentrating, overwhelmed, negative self-concept, talking excessively, withdrawn, workaholism |
| How does stress/anxiety affect the developmental variable? | Failure to thrive, difficulty accomplishing developmental tasks |
| How does stress/anxiety affect the sociocultural variable? | Difficulty with relationships Possible economic impact Interference with career goals Reliance on socially negative relief behaviors |
| How does stress/anxiety affect the spiritual variable? | Crisis of faith Obsession with faith Hopelessness Apathy |
| What are the three models of stress? | Stimulus-based model Response-based model Transaction-based model |
| Stimulus based model | Stress is defined as a stimulus, a life event, or a set of circumstances that arouses physiologic and/or psychological reactions that may increase the individual's vulnerability to illness. |
| Response-based model | GAS - General Adaptation Syndrome LAS - Local Adaptation Syndrome |
| Transaction-based model | Environmental, internal demands or both, tax or exceed the adaptive resources of an individual, social system, or tissue system. |
| Anxiety vs. Fear - Source | Anxiety - Source may not be identified Fear - Source identified |
| Anxiety vs. Fear - time period of focus | Anxiety - related to future Fear - related to present |
| Anxiety vs. Fear - Cause | Anxiety - result of psychological or emotional conflict Fear - Result of discrete physical or psychological entity |
| Mild Anxiety Symptoms | Increased alertness Mild uneasiness "Butterflies in stomach" |
| Moderate Anxiety Symptoms | Increased perspiration Light-headedness Muscle tension Urinary frequency Nausea Anorexia Diarrhea Heart-pounding Increased BP Dry Mouth Cold, Clammy Skin Selective inattention Poor Comprehension |
| Severe anxiety symptoms | Most symptoms of moderate anxiety intensified Hyperventilation Dizziness Vomiting Tachycardia Inability to hear or speak Further decreased perception Hallucinations Delusions |
| Panic symptoms | Symptoms of severe anxiety and inability to function Terror Personality disorganization |
| Emotions besides anxiety that are indicators of stress | Fear, anger, depression |
| Cognitive indicators of stress | Problem solving Structuring Self-discipline Suppression Fantasy |
| Types of Coping (4) | Problem focused Emotion focused Long term Short term |
| Three Approaches to coping | Alter or remove stressor Adapt to stressor Avoid stressor |
| Nursing Interventions for stress | Exercise, rest/sleep, time management, calm environment, clear communication, relaxation techniques |
| Crisis | Acute, time-limited state of disequilibrium resulting from situational, developmental, or societal sources of stress. Sudden Actual or perceived loss of an object, person, hope, dream, or any significant factor for that individual. |
| Goal during a crisis | Safety First. Work through a crisis to its resolution. Restore to pre-crisis level of functioning. |
| During a crisis, the nurse should: | Stay with the client Reduce environmental stimuli Provide for immediate needs Listen Use short, clear sentences. |
| Identify the defense mechanism: You reject the thought or feeling. | Denial |
| Identify the defense mechanism: You are vaguely aware of thought or feeling, but you try to hide it. | Repression |
| Identify the defense mechanism: You turn the feeling into its opposite | Reaction Formation |
| Identify the defense mechanism: You think someone else has your thought or feeling | Projection |
| Identify the defense mechanism: You redirect you feelings to another target | Displacement |
| Identify the defense mechanism: You come up with various explanations to justify the situation. | Rationalization |
| Identify the defense mechanism: A type of rationalization, only more intellectualized. | Intellectualization |
| Identify the defense mechanism: You try to reverse or undo your feeling by DOING something that indicates the opposite feeling. May be an "apology" for the feeling you find unacceptable within yourself. | Undoing |
| Identify the defense mechanism: You revert to an old, usually immature behavior to ventilate your feeling. | Regression |
| Identify the defense mechanism: You redirect the feeling into a socially productive activity. | Sublimation |
| Identify the defense mechanism: Covering up weaknesses by emphasizing a more desirable trait. | Compensation |
| Identify the defense mechanism: Allowing the acceptance of others' norms and values into oneself. | Introjection |
| Identify the defense mechanism: Not acknowledging the significance of one's behavior | Minimization |
| Identify the defense mechanism: Replacement of a highly valued, unacceptable, unavailable object by a less valuable, acceptable or available object. | Substitution |
| Identify the defense mechanism: An attempt to manage anxiety by imitating the behavior of someone feared or respected. | Identification |
Created by:
christyness
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