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Genetics & Heredity
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| genetic information (DNA) | is passed from parent to offspring during sexual reproduction |
| sperm or egg | contains one-half of the genetic material needed to create a new organism. |
| Heredity | passing of traits from one generation to another |
| chromosomes | A structure found in the nucleus of a cell that contains the genetic information (DNA) |
| genes | A segment of DNA found on a chromosome that determines the inheritance of a particular trait |
| allele | Genes for a specific trait generally come in pairs, one gene from the pair is called an ________. |
| genotype | the set of genes carried by the organism (TT, Tt,tt) |
| phenotypes | the physical expression of the genes |
| dominant trait | A trait that will always be expressed in the phenotype. |
| Alleles for dominant traits are represented by | capital letters. |
| recessive trait | A trait that will only be expressed in the phenotype if two recessive alleles are present. |
| Alleles for recessive traits are represented by | lowercase letters. |
| Punnett square | a tool used to predict the ratio or percentage of the possible genes that an offspring will have based on the genes of the parent |
| hybrid | the two alleles are different (Tt) |
| monohybrid cross | A cross that shows the inheritance of a single characteristic |
| purebred | the two alleles are the same (TT or tt) |
| inherited trait | a genetically determined characteristic that distinguishes one organism from another organism |
| environmental factors | temperature, nutrients, injuries, disease, exposure to sun, or living conditions |
Created by:
Ms. Phillips
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